Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is an important bioactive signaling molecule in plants which modulates a variety of physiological processes and responses to abiotic and biotic stresses. In this study, the effects of exogenous NO supplied as sodium nitroprusside (SNP) in wheat seedlings under ironinduced oxidative damage was investigated. An appropriate concentration of NO was determined by conducting a preliminary experiment. In solution culture, wheat seeds were grown in the control (100 μM Fe), and toxic Fe (400 μM Fe) levels and the toxic Fe supply was treated with various levels of (50, 100, 200 and 500 μM) sodium nitroprusside (SNP). The results indicated that 400 μM Fe significantly decreased percentage germination, tolerance index, root lengths as well as fresh and dry weight compared to control. Exogenous SNP attenuated the inhibition of wheat seed germination. The promoting effect was most pronounced at 100 μM SNP. The accumulated concentration of iron and active Fe was significantly decreased by SNP treated Fe toxic seedlings. Toxicity of Fe caused oxidative stress by elevating hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA) and proline contents in roots of wheat seedlings. One hundred μM SNP counteracted Fe toxicity by reducing the H2O2, MDA and proline contents of toxic Fe exposed seedlings. Meanwhile, application of SNP markedly reduced the activities of superoxide dismutases (SOD), catalases (CAT), peroxidase (POD), ascorbate peroxidases (APX), non protein thiols (NPT) and of glutathione reductase (GR) and increased ascorbate (ASc) compared with Fe toxic treatment alone, thereby indicating the modulation of the antioxidative capacity in the root under Fe stress by NO. The results indicated that the exogenous application of SNP, improved the antioxidant enzymes activity of wheat seedlings against Fe induced oxidative stress.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
The 400 μM Fe treatment significantly decreased germination percentage, tolerance index and root length of wheat compared with control.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- 400 μM Fee1
- Outcome
- percentage germination, tolerance index, root lengthse1
- Direction
- decreasede1
- Comparator
- controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in wheat seedlings under ironinduced oxidative damage”
e1“400 μM Fe significantly decreased percentage germination, tolerance index, root lengths as well as fresh and dry weight compared to control”
Claim · model-written summary
The 400 μM Fe treatment significantly decreased fresh and dry weight of wheat seedlings compared with control.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- 400 μM Fee1
- Outcome
- fresh and dry weighte1
- Direction
- decreasede1
- Comparator
- controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in wheat seedlings under ironinduced oxidative damage”
e1“400 μM Fe significantly decreased percentage germination, tolerance index, root lengths as well as fresh and dry weight compared to control”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous SNP attenuated the inhibition of wheat seed germination caused by Fe.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Exogenous SNPe2
- Outcome
- inhibition of wheat seed germinatione2
- Direction
- attenuatede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in wheat seedlings under ironinduced oxidative damage”
e2“Exogenous SNP attenuated the inhibition of wheat seed germination”
Claim · model-written summary
The promoting effect of SNP on wheat seed germination was most pronounced at 100 μM SNP.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- 100 μM SNPe3
- Outcome
- promoting effecte3
- Direction
- most pronouncede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in wheat seedlings under ironinduced oxidative damage”
e3“The promoting effect was most pronounced at 100 μM SNP”
Claim · model-written summary
SNP significantly decreased the accumulated concentration of iron and active Fe in Fe toxic wheat seedlings.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- SNPe4
- Outcome
- accumulated concentration of iron and active Fee4
- Direction
- decreasede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in wheat seedlings under ironinduced oxidative damage”
e4“The accumulated concentration of iron and active Fe was significantly decreased by SNP treated Fe toxic seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Fe toxicity elevated hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde and proline contents in the roots of wheat seedlings.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume5
- Organ / stage
- rootse5
- Treatment
- Toxicity of Fee5
- Outcome
- hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA) and proline contentse5
- Direction
- elevatinge5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“Toxicity of Fe caused oxidative stress by elevating hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA) and proline contents in roots of wheat seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
100 μM SNP reduced the hydrogen peroxide, MDA and proline contents of Fe-exposed wheat seedlings.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- One hundred μM SNPe6
- Outcome
- H2O2, MDA and proline contentse6
- Direction
- reducinge6
- Comparator
- toxic Fe exposed seedlingse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in wheat seedlings under ironinduced oxidative damage”
e6“One hundred μM SNP counteracted Fe toxicity by reducing the H2O2, MDA and proline contents of toxic Fe exposed seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
SNP reduced the activities of superoxide dismutases, catalases and peroxidase in Fe-stressed wheat seedlings compared with Fe toxic treatment alone.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- application of SNPe7
- Gene
- superoxide dismutases (SOD), catalases (CAT), peroxidase (POD)e7
- Outcome
- activitiese7
- Direction
- reducede7
- Comparator
- Fe toxic treatment alonee7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in wheat seedlings under ironinduced oxidative damage”
e7“application of SNP markedly reduced the activities of superoxide dismutases (SOD), catalases (CAT), peroxidase (POD), ascorbate peroxidases (APX), non protein thiols (NPT) and of glutathione reductase (GR) and increased ascorbate (ASc) compared with Fe toxic treatment alone”
Claim · model-written summary
SNP reduced the activities of ascorbate peroxidases, non protein thiols and glutathione reductase in Fe-stressed wheat seedlings compared with Fe toxic treatment alone.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- application of SNPe7
- Gene
- ascorbate peroxidases (APX), non protein thiols (NPT) and of glutathione reductase (GR)e7
- Outcome
- activitiese7
- Direction
- reducede7
- Comparator
- Fe toxic treatment alonee7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in wheat seedlings under ironinduced oxidative damage”
e7“application of SNP markedly reduced the activities of superoxide dismutases (SOD), catalases (CAT), peroxidase (POD), ascorbate peroxidases (APX), non protein thiols (NPT) and of glutathione reductase (GR) and increased ascorbate (ASc) compared with Fe toxic treatment alone”
Claim · model-written summary
SNP increased ascorbate contents of Fe-stressed wheat seedlings compared with Fe toxic treatment alone.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- application of SNPe7
- Outcome
- ascorbate (ASc)e7
- Direction
- increasede7
- Comparator
- Fe toxic treatment alonee7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in wheat seedlings under ironinduced oxidative damage”
e7“application of SNP markedly reduced the activities of superoxide dismutases (SOD), catalases (CAT), peroxidase (POD), ascorbate peroxidases (APX), non protein thiols (NPT) and of glutathione reductase (GR) and increased ascorbate (ASc) compared with Fe toxic treatment alone”
The same questions in other papers
sodium nitroprusside · physiology: oxidative · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ
39 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
37 papers more in this group
See all 41 papers →iron atom · growth · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ
12 papers in the same direction as this paper · 41 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
50 papers more in this group
See all 54 papers →iron atom · physiology: oxidative · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
5 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
8 papers more in this group
See all 12 papers →iron atom · tolerance: abiotic · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
sodium nitroprusside · disease · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results agree
10 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
7 papers more in this group
See all 11 papers →sodium nitroprusside · molecular: metabolites · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results agree
29 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
26 papers more in this group
See all 30 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.