Abstract
Salinity is a major abiotic stress that can adversely affect plant growth, yield, other physiological parameters, and soil health. Salinity stress on biomass production of salt-sensitive crops, like snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), is a serious problem, and specifically in South Florida, USA, where saline soils can be found in major agricultural lands. Research studies focused on the ‘snap bean–Rhizobium–arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF)’ relationship under salinity stress are limited, and fewer studies have evaluated how this tripartite symbiosis affects glomalin production (GRSP), a glycoprotein released by AMF. A shade house experiment was conducted to elucidate the effects of three microbial inoculations (IC = inoculation control; IT1 = AMF and IT2 = AMF + Rhizobium) on three salinity treatments (SC = salinity control 0.6 dS m−1, S1 = 1.0 dS m−1, and S2 = 2.0 dS m−1) on snap bean growth and yield. Our results indicate that S2 reduced 20% bean biomass production, 11% plant height, 13% root weight, and 23% AMF root colonization. However, microbial inoculations increased 26% bean yield over different salinity treatments. Maximum salinity stress (S2) increased 6% and 18% GRSP production than S1 and SC, respectively, indicating the relative advantage of abiotic stress on AMF’s role in soil. Dual inoculation (IT2) demonstrated a beneficial role on all physiological parameters, biomass production, and GRSP synthesis compared to single inoculation (IT1) treatment with all three salinity levels.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity at 2.0 dS m-1 reduced snap bean biomass production by 20%.
- Taxon
- snap beane0
- Treatment
- S2 = 2.0 dS m−1e2
- Outcome
- bean biomass productione1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Value
- 20%e1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Salinity stress on biomass production of salt-sensitive crops, like snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), is a serious problem”
e1“Our results indicate that S2 reduced 20% bean biomass production, 11% plant height, 13% root weight, and 23% AMF root colonization”
e2“S2 = 2.0 dS m−1”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity at 2.0 dS m-1 reduced snap bean plant height by 11%.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Salinity stress on biomass production of salt-sensitive crops, like snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), is a serious problem”
e1“Our results indicate that S2 reduced 20% bean biomass production, 11% plant height, 13% root weight, and 23% AMF root colonization”
e2“S2 = 2.0 dS m−1”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity at 2.0 dS m-1 reduced snap bean root weight by 13%.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Salinity stress on biomass production of salt-sensitive crops, like snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), is a serious problem”
e1“Our results indicate that S2 reduced 20% bean biomass production, 11% plant height, 13% root weight, and 23% AMF root colonization”
e2“S2 = 2.0 dS m−1”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity at 2.0 dS m-1 reduced AMF root colonization of snap bean by 23%.
- Taxon
- snap beane0
- Treatment
- S2 = 2.0 dS m−1e2
- Interactor
- AMFe1symbiont
- Outcome
- AMF root colonizatione1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Value
- 23%e1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Salinity stress on biomass production of salt-sensitive crops, like snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), is a serious problem”
e1“Our results indicate that S2 reduced 20% bean biomass production, 11% plant height, 13% root weight, and 23% AMF root colonization”
e2“S2 = 2.0 dS m−1”
Claim · model-written summary
Microbial inoculations increased snap bean yield by 26% over the different salinity treatments.
Verbatim
e0“Salinity stress on biomass production of salt-sensitive crops, like snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), is a serious problem”
e3“microbial inoculations increased 26% bean yield over different salinity treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Maximum salinity (S2) increased glomalin (GRSP) production by 6% compared with S1.
Verbatim
e0“Salinity stress on biomass production of salt-sensitive crops, like snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), is a serious problem”
e4“Maximum salinity stress (S2) increased 6% and 18% GRSP production than S1 and SC”
Claim · model-written summary
Maximum salinity (S2) increased glomalin (GRSP) production by 18% compared with the salinity control.
Verbatim
e0“Salinity stress on biomass production of salt-sensitive crops, like snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), is a serious problem”
e4“Maximum salinity stress (S2) increased 6% and 18% GRSP production than S1 and SC”
Claim · model-written summary
Dual inoculation with AMF and Rhizobium (IT2) had a beneficial effect on physiological parameters, biomass and GRSP synthesis compared with single AMF inoculation (IT1).
- Taxon
- snap beane0
- Treatment
- Dual inoculation (IT2)e5
- Outcome
- physiological parameters, biomass production, and GRSP synthesise5
- Comparator
- single inoculation (IT1) treatmente5
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“Salinity stress on biomass production of salt-sensitive crops, like snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), is a serious problem”
e5“Dual inoculation (IT2) demonstrated a beneficial role on all physiological parameters, biomass production, and GRSP synthesis compared to single inoculation (IT1) treatment”
The same questions in other papers
inoculation · yield · Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean)Positive and negative results
152 papers in the same direction as this paper · 36 in the opposite direction · 6 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- no effect
- negative
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