Abstract
ABSTRACT This study investigated whether inoculation of Azospirillum brasilense in the seeds or sowing furrow could reduce the need for nitrogen fertilizer application in the corn grown in the first and second crop harvest. The experiments were conducted, in the municipality of Chapadão do Sul, MS, Brazil, in the first crop harvest (2014/2015) and in the second crop harvest (2016). The early maturity hybrids CD 384 HX and P3132H were used in the first and in the second harvest corn, respectively. In both experiments, the experimental design was the randomized blocks with eight treatments and three repetitions. At the silking (R1 stage), the leaf N concentration, relative chlorophyll index and nitrate reductase activity were measured, at the physiological maturity (R6 stage), the plant height, first ear insertion height, one hundred grain mass, grain yield and grain N concentration were measured. In the first crop harvest, the application of Azospirillum brasilense at the sowing furrow resulted in higher N concentration and relative chlorophyll index in corn leaves, while the inoculation of A. brasilense in the seeds provided higher N concentration in the grains. The nitrate reductase activity in corn leaves was lower when inoculation was performed. In the second crop harvest, the inoculation did not affected the N concentration in the leaves and in the grains, the relative chlorophyll index and the growth of corn plants. Inoculation in the sowing furrow associated with the application of 20 kg N ha-1 at sowing and 120 kg N ha-1 at topdressing resulted in lower nitrate reductase activity.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Furrow Azospirillum application increased corn leaf nitrogen concentration and relative chlorophyll index in the first crop.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayse0 - Treatment
- application of Azospirillum brasilense at the sowing furrowe0
- Interactor
- Azospirillum brasilense
Azospirillum brasilensee0symbiont - Outcome
- N concentration and relative chlorophyll index in corn leavese0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the first crop harvest, the application of Azospirillum brasilense at the sowing furrow resulted in higher N concentration and relative chlorophyll index in corn leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed inoculation with A. brasilense increased grain nitrogen concentration in the first crop.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse1
- Treatment
- inoculation of A. brasilense in the seedse0
- Interactor
- A. brasilenseAzospirillum brasilensee0symbiont
- Outcome
- N concentration in the grainse0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the inoculation of A. brasilense in the seeds provided higher N concentration in the grains.”
e1“the corn grown in the first and second crop harvest”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation lowered corn leaf nitrate reductase activity.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- inoculatione0
- Interactor
- Azospirillum brasilenseAzospirillum brasilensee1symbiont
- Outcome
- nitrate reductase activity in corn leavese0
- Direction
- lowere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The nitrate reductase activity in corn leaves was lower when inoculation was performed.”
e1“inoculation of Azospirillum brasilense in the seeds or sowing furrow”
Claim · model-written summary
In the second harvest inoculation did not affect leaf and grain nitrogen concentration or relative chlorophyll index.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse2
- Treatment
- inoculatione0
- Interactor
- Azospirillum brasilenseAzospirillum brasilensee1symbiont
- Outcome
- N concentration in the leaves and in the grains, the relative chlorophyll indexe0
- Direction
- did not affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the second crop harvest, the inoculation did not affected the N concentration in the leaves and in the grains, the relative chlorophyll index”
e1“inoculation of Azospirillum brasilense in the seeds or sowing furrow”
e2“the corn grown in the first and second crop harvest”
Claim · model-written summary
In the second harvest inoculation did not affect corn growth.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- inoculatione0
- Interactor
- Azospirillum brasilenseAzospirillum brasilensee1symbiont
- Outcome
- growth of corn plantse0
- Direction
- did not affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the second crop harvest, the inoculation did not affected the N concentration in the leaves and in the grains, the relative chlorophyll index and the growth of corn plants.”
e1“inoculation of Azospirillum brasilense in the seeds or sowing furrow”
Claim · model-written summary
Furrow inoculation with nitrogen application lowered nitrate reductase activity in the second harvest.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse2
- Treatment
- Inoculation in the sowing furrow associated with the application of 20 kg N ha-1 at sowing and 120 kg N ha-1 at topdressinge0
- Interactor
- Azospirillum brasilenseAzospirillum brasilensee1symbiont
- Outcome
- nitrate reductase activitye0
- Direction
- lowere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Inoculation in the sowing furrow associated with the application of 20 kg N ha-1 at sowing and 120 kg N ha-1 at topdressing resulted in lower nitrate reductase activity.”
e1“Azospirillum brasilense in first- and second-crop corn”
e2“corn plants”
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