Abstract
Two field experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of organic (compost 10 m3/fed.) and bio (nitrobein + phosphorein) fertilizers when used with half or full doses of chemical fertilizer in presence of boron foliar spray at 0.0, 50 and 100 ppm on some growth parameters, photosynthetic pigments, minerals and some bioconstituents, endogenous phytohormones and oil yield of dragonhead (Dracocephalum moldavica L.) plants during 2011/2012 and 2012/2013 seasons. Also, interaction effects between boron and the applied fertilizer treatments on growth, chemical composition and oil productivity were studied as well. The results showed that, the applied treatments of fertilizers and boron as well as their combinations significantly increased most growth parameters i.e. plant height, number of branches and leaves/plant, fresh and dry weight of leaves (g)/plant and flowers fresh weight(g)/plant. Also, photosynthetic pigments i.e. chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids, minerals i.e. N, P, K, Fe, Zn and B uptake, and some bioconstituents as total carbohydrates, sugars and free amino acids content in leaves. Also, oil yield in leaves and flowers gave the maximum values when plants treated with organic and bio fertilizers in presence of foliar application with boron at 100 ppm as compared with those of individual application or untreated ones. Moreover, organic and bio fertilizers and in presence of boron at 100 ppm treatments increased endogenous phytohormones i.e. auxin, gibberellin and cytokinin contents, but they decreased abscisic acid values in dragonhead shoots during 2012/2013 season. Furthermore, organic and bio fertilizers and in presence of boron at 100 ppm treatments decreased the activity of antioxidant enzymes i.e. peroxidase, catalase and superoxide dismutase contents in dragonhead leaves during 2012/2013 season. Thereby, it could be recommended that foliar application with boron at 100 ppm in the presence of half dose of chemical fertilizer+10m3compost/fed.+ bio fertilizer could be used to improve growth and oil productivity of dragonhead plant.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizers and boron significantly increased plant height, number of branches and leaves per plant of dragonhead.
- Taxon
- Dracocephalum moldavica
Dracocephalum moldavicat0 - Treatment
- fertilizers and borone1
- Outcome
- plant height, number of branches and leaves/plante1
- Direction
- significantly increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Dracocephalum moldavica”
e1“The results showed that, the applied treatments of fertilizers and boron as well as their combinations significantly increased most growth parameters i.e. plant height, number of branches and leaves/plant, fresh and dry weight of leaves (g)/plant and flowers fresh weight(g)/plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizers and boron significantly increased fresh and dry weight of leaves and flower fresh weight of dragonhead.
- Taxon
- Dracocephalum moldavicaDracocephalum moldavicat0
- Treatment
- fertilizers and borone1
- Outcome
- fresh and dry weight of leaves (g)/plant and flowers fresh weight(g)/plante1
- Direction
- significantly increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Dracocephalum moldavica”
e1“The results showed that, the applied treatments of fertilizers and boron as well as their combinations significantly increased most growth parameters i.e. plant height, number of branches and leaves/plant, fresh and dry weight of leaves (g)/plant and flowers fresh weight(g)/plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizers and boron increased chlorophyll a, b and carotenoid contents of dragonhead leaves.
- Taxon
- Dracocephalum moldavicaDracocephalum moldavicat0
- Organ / stage
- leavese2
- Treatment
- fertilizers and borone1
- Outcome
- chlorophyll a, b and carotenoidse2
- Direction
- increaseinferrede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Dracocephalum moldavica”
e1“The results showed that, the applied treatments of fertilizers and boron as well as their combinations significantly increased most growth parameters i.e. plant height, number of branches and leaves/plant, fresh and dry weight of leaves (g)/plant and flowers fresh weight(g)/plant”
e2“Also, photosynthetic pigments i.e. chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids, minerals i.e. N, P, K, Fe, Zn and B uptake, and some bioconstituents as total carbohydrates, sugars and free amino acids content in leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizers and boron increased N, P and K uptake of dragonhead.
- Taxon
- Dracocephalum moldavicaDracocephalum moldavicat0
- Treatment
- fertilizers and borone1
- Outcome
- N, P, Ke2
- Direction
- increaseinferrede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Dracocephalum moldavica”
e1“The results showed that, the applied treatments of fertilizers and boron as well as their combinations significantly increased most growth parameters i.e. plant height, number of branches and leaves/plant, fresh and dry weight of leaves (g)/plant and flowers fresh weight(g)/plant”
e2“Also, photosynthetic pigments i.e. chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids, minerals i.e. N, P, K, Fe, Zn and B uptake, and some bioconstituents as total carbohydrates, sugars and free amino acids content in leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizers and boron increased Fe, Zn and B uptake of dragonhead.
- Taxon
- Dracocephalum moldavicaDracocephalum moldavicat0
- Treatment
- fertilizers and borone1
- Outcome
- Fe, Zn and B uptakee2
- Direction
- increaseinferrede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Dracocephalum moldavica”
e1“The results showed that, the applied treatments of fertilizers and boron as well as their combinations significantly increased most growth parameters i.e. plant height, number of branches and leaves/plant, fresh and dry weight of leaves (g)/plant and flowers fresh weight(g)/plant”
e2“Also, photosynthetic pigments i.e. chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids, minerals i.e. N, P, K, Fe, Zn and B uptake, and some bioconstituents as total carbohydrates, sugars and free amino acids content in leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizers and boron increased total carbohydrates, sugars and free amino acids content in dragonhead leaves.
- Taxon
- Dracocephalum moldavicaDracocephalum moldavicat0
- Organ / stage
- leavese2
- Treatment
- fertilizers and borone1
- Outcome
- total carbohydrates, sugars and free amino acids contente2
- Direction
- increaseinferrede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Dracocephalum moldavica”
e1“The results showed that, the applied treatments of fertilizers and boron as well as their combinations significantly increased most growth parameters i.e. plant height, number of branches and leaves/plant, fresh and dry weight of leaves (g)/plant and flowers fresh weight(g)/plant”
e2“Also, photosynthetic pigments i.e. chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids, minerals i.e. N, P, K, Fe, Zn and B uptake, and some bioconstituents as total carbohydrates, sugars and free amino acids content in leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic and bio fertilizers with foliar boron at 100 ppm gave the maximum oil yield in dragonhead leaves and flowers.
- Taxon
- Dracocephalum moldavicaDracocephalum moldavicat0
- Organ / stage
- leaves and flowerse3
- Treatment
- organic and bio fertilizers in presence of foliar application with boron at 100 ppme3
- Outcome
- oil yield in leaves and flowerse3
- Direction
- gave the maximum valuese3
- Comparator
- individual application or untreated onese3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Dracocephalum moldavica”
e3“Also, oil yield in leaves and flowers gave the maximum values when plants treated with organic and bio fertilizers in presence of foliar application with boron at 100 ppm as compared with those of individual application or untreated ones”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic and bio fertilizers with foliar boron at 100 ppm increased endogenous auxin, gibberellin and cytokinin contents of dragonhead.
- Taxon
- Dracocephalum moldavicaDracocephalum moldavicat0
- Treatment
- organic and bio fertilizers and in presence of boron at 100 ppme4
- Outcome
- auxin, gibberellin and cytokinin contentse4
- Direction
- increasede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Dracocephalum moldavica”
e4“Moreover, organic and bio fertilizers and in presence of boron at 100 ppm treatments increased endogenous phytohormones i.e. auxin, gibberellin and cytokinin contents, but they decreased abscisic acid values in dragonhead shoots during 2012/2013 season”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic and bio fertilizers with foliar boron at 100 ppm decreased abscisic acid values in dragonhead shoots during 2012/2013.
- Taxon
- Dracocephalum moldavicaDracocephalum moldavicat0
- Organ / stage
- shootse4
- Treatment
- organic and bio fertilizers and in presence of boron at 100 ppme4
- Outcome
- abscisic acid valuese4
- Direction
- decreasede4
- Qualifier
- during 2012/2013 seasone4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Dracocephalum moldavica”
e4“Moreover, organic and bio fertilizers and in presence of boron at 100 ppm treatments increased endogenous phytohormones i.e. auxin, gibberellin and cytokinin contents, but they decreased abscisic acid values in dragonhead shoots during 2012/2013 season”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic and bio fertilizers with foliar boron at 100 ppm decreased the activity of antioxidant enzymes in dragonhead leaves during 2012/2013.
- Taxon
- Dracocephalum moldavicaDracocephalum moldavicat0
- Organ / stage
- leavese5
- Treatment
- organic and bio fertilizers and in presence of boron at 100 ppme5
- Gene
- peroxidase, catalase and superoxide dismutasee5
- Outcome
- activity of antioxidant enzymese5
- Direction
- decreasede5
- Qualifier
- during 2012/2013 seasone5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Dracocephalum moldavica”
e5“Furthermore, organic and bio fertilizers and in presence of boron at 100 ppm treatments decreased the activity of antioxidant enzymes i.e. peroxidase, catalase and superoxide dismutase contents in dragonhead leaves during 2012/2013 season”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar boron at 100 ppm with half-dose chemical fertilizer, compost and bio fertilizer could be used to improve growth and oil productivity of dragonhead.
- Taxon
- Dracocephalum moldavicaDracocephalum moldavicat0
- Treatment
- foliar application with boron at 100 ppme6
- Outcome
- improve growth and oil productivitye6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Dracocephalum moldavica”
e6“foliar application with boron at 100 ppm in the presence of half dose of chemical fertilizer+10m3compost/fed.+ bio fertilizer could be used to improve growth and oil productivity”
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