Abstract
Field experiments were conducted to study the influence of three irrigation methods and nitrogen fertilization rates on yield and yield components of onion (Allium Cepa L., cv. Creole Red) grown under Russian environmental conditions during the growing seasons of 2012 and 2013. The three applied irrigation methods were the rain fed (RF), surface drip irrigation (SDI) and subsurface drip irrigation (SSDI) in which placement depths of drip laterals were 10 cm. Nitrogen fertilizer , as ammonium sulfate, was applied at three rates of 0 , 90 and 180 kg N.ha-1. The experiment was implemented in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. Plant height, number of leaves/plant, Bulb dry matter, bulb diameter and bulb weight of onion (yield components) were measured and consequently crop yield and water use efficiency (WUE) were determined for all treatments. The obtained results indicated that surface drip irrigation or subsurface drip irrigation with 90 kg N/ha resulted in higher yield and yield components. The highest values of plant height, number of leaves/plant, and neck diameter were obtained by SDI + 90 kg N/ha treatment while the lowest values belonged to RF treatment with zero (0.0) rate of Nitrogen. The fresh crop yield was the highest (38.0 t ha-1) with SDI + 90 kg N/ha treatment, while RF treatment with 0.0 nitrogen produced the lowest value of crop yields (20.5 t. ha-1). The highest WUE (0.89 t. ha-1 cm-1) was obtained by the SDI + 90 kg N.ha-1 treatment while the lowest value of WUE was obtained through RF treatment with 0.0 nitrogen. It can be concluded that SDI + 90 kg N.ha-1 treatment was found to be the most effective irrigation method and nitrogen application rate in improving WUE and increasing the yield and yield components of onion grown under Russian environmental conditions.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Surface drip irrigation with 90 kg N/ha produced higher yield and yield components.
- Taxon
- onion
Allium cepat0 - Treatment
- surface drip irrigation with 90 kg N/hae0
- Outcome
- yield and yield componentse0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“surface drip irrigation or subsurface drip irrigation with 90 kg N/ha resulted in higher yield and yield components.”
t0“Onion (Allium Cepa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Subsurface drip irrigation with 90 kg N/ha produced higher yield and yield components.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- subsurface drip irrigation with 90 kg N/hae0
- Outcome
- yield and yield componentse0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“surface drip irrigation or subsurface drip irrigation with 90 kg N/ha resulted in higher yield and yield components.”
t0“Onion (Allium Cepa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
SDI + 90 kg N/ha gave the highest plant height, leaf number, and neck diameter.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- SDI + 90 kg N/hae0
- Outcome
- plant height, number of leaves/plant, and neck diametere0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Comparator
- RF treatment with zero (0.0) rate of Nitrogene0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest values of plant height, number of leaves/plant, and neck diameter were obtained by SDI + 90 kg N/ha treatment while the lowest values belonged to RF treatment with zero (0.0) rate of Nitrogen.”
t0“Onion (Allium Cepa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
RF without nitrogen gave the lowest plant height, leaf number, and neck diameter.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- RF treatment with zero (0.0) rate of Nitrogene0
- Outcome
- plant height, number of leaves/plant, and neck diametere0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Comparator
- SDI + 90 kg N/ha treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest values of plant height, number of leaves/plant, and neck diameter were obtained by SDI + 90 kg N/ha treatment while the lowest values belonged to RF treatment with zero (0.0) rate of Nitrogen.”
t0“Onion (Allium Cepa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
SDI + 90 kg N/ha gave the highest fresh crop yield, 38.0 t ha-1.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- SDI + 90 kg N/hae0
- Outcome
- fresh crop yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 38.0 t ha-1e0
- Comparator
- RF treatment with 0.0 nitrogene0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The fresh crop yield was the highest (38.0 t ha-1) with SDI + 90 kg N/ha treatment, while RF treatment with 0.0 nitrogen produced the lowest value of crop yields (20.5 t. ha-1).”
t0“Onion (Allium Cepa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
RF without nitrogen gave the lowest crop yield, 20.5 t. ha-1.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- RF treatment with 0.0 nitrogene0
- Outcome
- crop yieldse0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Value
- 20.5 t. ha-1e0
- Comparator
- SDI + 90 kg N/ha treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The fresh crop yield was the highest (38.0 t ha-1) with SDI + 90 kg N/ha treatment, while RF treatment with 0.0 nitrogen produced the lowest value of crop yields (20.5 t. ha-1).”
t0“Onion (Allium Cepa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
SDI + 90 kg N.ha-1 gave the highest WUE, 0.89 t. ha-1 cm-1.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- SDI + 90 kg N.ha-1e0
- Outcome
- WUEe0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 0.89 t. ha-1 cm-1e0
- Comparator
- RF treatment with 0.0 nitrogene0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest WUE (0.89 t. ha-1 cm-1) was obtained by the SDI + 90 kg N.ha-1 treatment while the lowest value of WUE was obtained through RF treatment with 0.0 nitrogen.”
t0“Onion (Allium Cepa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
RF without nitrogen gave the lowest WUE.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- RF treatment with 0.0 nitrogene0
- Outcome
- WUEe0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Comparator
- SDI + 90 kg N.ha-1 treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest WUE (0.89 t. ha-1 cm-1) was obtained by the SDI + 90 kg N.ha-1 treatment while the lowest value of WUE was obtained through RF treatment with 0.0 nitrogen.”
t0“Onion (Allium Cepa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors concluded that SDI + 90 kg N.ha-1 was most effective for onion WUE, yield, and yield components.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepae0
- Treatment
- SDI + 90 kg N.ha-1e0
- Outcome
- most effective irrigation method and nitrogen application ratee0
- Setting
- Russian environmental conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“SDI + 90 kg N.ha-1 treatment was found to be the most effective irrigation method and nitrogen application rate in improving WUE and increasing the yield and yield components of onion grown under Russian environmental conditions.”
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