Abstract
Onion ( Allium cepa L.) is a high cash value crop with a very shallow root system that is frequently irrigated and fertilized with high N rates to maximize yield. Converting from furrow‐irrigated to drip‐irrigated onion production may reduce N fertilizer needs, water inputs, and NO 3 –N leaching potential. Onion growth and N uptake, fresh yield, and residual soil NO 3 –N were determined under drip and furrow irrigation on a clay loam soil with N fertilizer rates from 0 to 224 kg N ha −1 . Onions were sampled bi‐weekly from 25 May to 30 August in 2005 and 2006 from each treatment. In 2005, 72% less water was applied with the drip system compared with furrow system, and 57% less in 2006. Onion yields were significantly greater with the drip system. Total marketable fresh onion yield increased with increasing N rate in 2005 only. The drip system had more colossal and jumbo sized onions and less medium sized onions than the furrow system. Biomass production and N accumulation accelerated in mid‐June each year with an average total N accumulation (leaves + bulbs) of 121 kg N ha −1 at final harvest. Irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) and N use efficiency (NUE) were higher with the drip system than with the furrow system. Residual soil NO 3 –N levels were greater in the drip‐irrigated treatments after onion harvest in 2005 than in the furrow‐irrigated treatments, but soil NO 3 –N levels were similar after harvest in 2006. Adjusted gross economic returns (less the cost of N, water, and drip system) were greater with drip irrigation than with furrow irrigation. This study demonstrates that fresh onion yields, potential economic returns, IWUE, and NUE can be improved in Colorado by using drip irrigation for onion production rather than furrow irrigation.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Onion trial result: water was less by 72%.
- Taxon
- Onion
Allium cepat0 - Treatment
- drip systeme0
- Outcome
- watere0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Value
- 72%e0
- Qualifier
- 2005e0
- Comparator
- furrow systeme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Onion”
e0“In 2005, 72% less water was applied with the drip system compared with furrow system”
Claim · model-written summary
Onion trial result: water was less by 57%.
- Taxon
- OnionAllium cepat0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Value
- 57%e0
- Qualifier
- 2006e0
Not reportedTreatmentComparatorOutcome
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Onion”
e0“57% less in 2006”
Claim · model-written summary
Onion trial result: Onion yields was greater.
- Taxon
- OnionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- drip systeme0
- Outcome
- Onion yieldse0
- Direction
- greatere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Onion”
e0“Onion yields were significantly greater with the drip system”
Claim · model-written summary
Onion trial result: Total marketable fresh onion yield was increased.
- Taxon
- OnionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- increasing N ratee0
- Outcome
- Total marketable fresh onion yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- 2005e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Onion”
e0“Total marketable fresh onion yield increased with increasing N rate in 2005 only”
Claim · model-written summary
Onion trial result: colossal and jumbo sized onions was more.
- Taxon
- OnionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- drip systeme0
- Outcome
- colossal and jumbo sized onionse0
- Direction
- moree0
- Comparator
- furrow systeme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Onion”
e0“The drip system had more colossal and jumbo sized onions and less medium sized onions than the furrow system”
Claim · model-written summary
Onion trial result: medium sized onions was less.
- Taxon
- OnionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- drip systeme0
- Outcome
- medium sized onionse0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Comparator
- furrow systeme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Onion”
e0“The drip system had more colossal and jumbo sized onions and less medium sized onions than the furrow system”
Claim · model-written summary
Onion trial result: Biomass production was accelerated.
- Taxon
- OnionAllium cepat0
- Outcome
- Biomass productione0
- Direction
- acceleratede0
- Qualifier
- mid‐Junee0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Onion”
e0“Biomass production and N accumulation accelerated in mid‐June each year with an average total N accumulation (leaves + bulbs) of 121 kg N ha −1 at final harvest”
Claim · model-written summary
Onion trial result: N accumulation was accelerated.
- Taxon
- OnionAllium cepat0
- Outcome
- N accumulatione0
- Direction
- acceleratede0
- Qualifier
- mid‐Junee0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Onion”
e0“Biomass production and N accumulation accelerated in mid‐June each year with an average total N accumulation (leaves + bulbs) of 121 kg N ha −1 at final harvest”
Claim · model-written summary
Onion trial result: total N accumulation was accelerated by 121 kg N ha −1.
- Taxon
- OnionAllium cepat0
- Outcome
- total N accumulatione0
- Direction
- acceleratede0
- Value
- 121 kg N ha −1e0
- Qualifier
- final harveste0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Onion”
e0“Biomass production and N accumulation accelerated in mid‐June each year with an average total N accumulation (leaves + bulbs) of 121 kg N ha −1 at final harvest”
Claim · model-written summary
Onion trial result: Irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) was higher.
- Taxon
- OnionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- drip systeme0
- Outcome
- Irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE)e0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- furrow systeme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Onion”
e0“Irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) and N use efficiency (NUE) were higher with the drip system than with the furrow system”
Claim · model-written summary
Onion trial result: N use efficiency (NUE) was higher.
- Taxon
- OnionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- drip systeme0
- Outcome
- N use efficiency (NUE)e0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- furrow systeme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Onion”
e0“Irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) and N use efficiency (NUE) were higher with the drip system than with the furrow system”
Claim · model-written summary
Onion trial result: Residual soil NO 3 –N levels was greater.
- Taxon
- OnionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- drip‐irrigated treatmentse0
- Outcome
- Residual soil NO 3 –N levelse0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Qualifier
- 2005e0
- Comparator
- furrow‐irrigated treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Onion”
e0“Residual soil NO 3 –N levels were greater in the drip‐irrigated treatments after onion harvest in 2005 than in the furrow‐irrigated treatments, but soil NO 3 –N levels were similar after harvest in 2006”
Claim · model-written summary
Onion trial result: soil NO 3 –N levels was similar.
- Taxon
- OnionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- drip‐irrigated treatmentse0
- Outcome
- soil NO 3 –N levelse0
- Direction
- similare0
- Qualifier
- 2006e0
- Comparator
- furrow‐irrigated treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Onion”
e0“Residual soil NO 3 –N levels were greater in the drip‐irrigated treatments after onion harvest in 2005 than in the furrow‐irrigated treatments, but soil NO 3 –N levels were similar after harvest in 2006”
Claim · model-written summary
Onion trial result: Adjusted gross economic returns was greater.
- Taxon
- OnionAllium cepat0
- Treatment
- drip systeme0
- Outcome
- Adjusted gross economic returnse0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- furrow irrigatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Onion”
e0“Adjusted gross economic returns (less the cost of N, water, and drip system) were greater with drip irrigation than with furrow irrigation”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.