Paper · 2013 · DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)

Effect of Glycine Betaine and Salicylic Acid on Growth and Productivity of Droughted Wheat Cultivars: Image Analysis for Measuring the Anatomical Features in Flag Leaf and Peduncle of the Main Shoot

Aldesuquy, Heshmat S.; Abo-Hamed, Samy A.; Abbas, Mohmed A.; et al.

12
claims
29
verbatim quotes
3
citations
2
research areas
✓
Open access · cc-by-sa

Abstract

The present study was planned to investigate the possible role displayed by water stress and application of GB, SA or their interaction on some anatomical features in flag leaf at anthesis (after 95 days from sowing) by measuring leaf thickness, ground tissue thickness, number of hairs, metaxylem vessel area, xylem vessel area, phloem tissue area, vascular bundle tissues area, number of motor cells as well as number of opened and closed stomata on both upper and lower epidermis and some anatomical features of peduncle (peduncle diameter, tracheids area, metaxylem vessel area, xylem area, phloem area, vascular area, number of vascular bundle as well as opened and closed stomata) of the two wheat cultivars. Water stress markedly affected the anatomical features in flag leaves of both wheat cultivars. It caused massive decreases (P< 0.05) in the leaf thickness, ground tissue thickness, number of hairs, metaxylem vessel area, xylem vessel area, phloem tissue area, vascular bundle area, number of motor cells as well as number of opened stomata on both upper and lower epidermis. On the other hand, water stress increased (P< 0.05) the number of hairs and closed stomata on both upper and lower epidermis in flag leaves of the two wheat cultivars. The magnitude of decrease in all anatomical features in flag leaf was more pronounced with the sensitive cultivar. Furthermore, water stress led to a marked decrease (P< 0.05) in peduncle diameter, tracheids area, metaxylem vessel area, xylem tissue area, phloem tissue area, vascular tissue area, number of vascular bundles as well as opened stomata but increased the number of hairs and closed stomata on the peduncle surface of the two wheat cultivars. In relation to wheat cultivar, the sensitive was more affected by water stress than the resistant one. The application of GB, SA or their interaction induced some modifications in the anatomical features of the flag leaf and peduncle of main shoot which appeared to be an adaptive response to drought stress.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by-sa. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 12

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Water stress decreased leaf thickness and ground tissue thickness in flag leaves of both wheat cultivars.

Taxon
wheat cultivarsTriticum aestivume0
Organ / stage
flag leavese0
Treatment
Water stresse0
Outcome
leaf thickness, ground tissue thicknesse1
Direction
decreasese1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Water stress markedly affected the anatomical features in flag leaves of both wheat cultivars”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 715–808 · show in text ↑
e1

“massive decreases (P< 0.05) in the leaf thickness, ground tissue thickness”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 820–894 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Water stress decreased metaxylem vessel area, xylem vessel area and phloem tissue area in flag leaves of both wheat cultivars.

Taxon
wheat cultivarsTriticum aestivume0
Organ / stage
flag leavese0
Treatment
Water stresse0
Outcome
metaxylem vessel area, xylem vessel area, phloem tissue areae2
Direction
decreasese1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Water stress markedly affected the anatomical features in flag leaves of both wheat cultivars”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 715–808 · show in text ↑
e1

“massive decreases (P< 0.05)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 820–847 · show in text ↑
e2

“number of hairs, metaxylem vessel area, xylem vessel area, phloem tissue area, vascular bundle area”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 896–995 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Water stress decreased vascular bundle area, number of motor cells and number of opened stomata on both epidermes of flag leaves of both wheat cultivars.

Taxon
wheat cultivarsTriticum aestivume0
Organ / stage
flag leavese0
Treatment
Water stresse0
Outcome
vascular bundle area, number of motor cells as well as number of opened stomatae2
Direction
decreasese1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Water stress markedly affected the anatomical features in flag leaves of both wheat cultivars”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 715–808 · show in text ↑
e1

“massive decreases (P< 0.05)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 820–847 · show in text ↑
e2

“vascular bundle area, number of motor cells as well as number of opened stomata on both upper and lower epidermis”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 975–1088 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Water stress increased the number of hairs and closed stomata on both epidermes of flag leaves of the two wheat cultivars.

Taxon
wheat cultivarsTriticum aestivume1
Organ / stage
flag leavese1
Treatment
water stresse1
Outcome
number of hairs and closed stomatae1
Direction
increasede1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e1

“water stress increased (P< 0.05) the number of hairs and closed stomata on both upper and lower epidermis in flag leaves of the two wheat cultivars”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1109–1256 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The decrease in all flag leaf anatomical features under water stress was more pronounced in the sensitive wheat cultivar.

Taxon
wheat cultivarsTriticum aestivume0
Material
the sensitive cultivare1
Outcome
magnitude of decrease in all anatomical featurese1
Direction
more pronouncede1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Water stress markedly affected the anatomical features in flag leaves of both wheat cultivars”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 715–808 · show in text ↑
e1

“The magnitude of decrease in all anatomical features in flag leaf was more pronounced with the sensitive cultivar”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1258–1371 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Water stress decreased peduncle diameter, tracheids area and metaxylem vessel area in both wheat cultivars.

Taxon
wheat cultivarsTriticum aestivume0
Organ / stage
pedunclee1
Treatment
water stresse2
Outcome
peduncle diameter, tracheids area, metaxylem vessel areae1
Direction
decreasee1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“increased the number of hairs and closed stomata on the peduncle surface of the two wheat cultivars”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1613–1712 · show in text ↑
e1

“decrease (P< 0.05) in peduncle diameter, tracheids area, metaxylem vessel area”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1415–1493 · show in text ↑
e2

“more affected by water stress”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1763–1792 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Water stress decreased xylem tissue area, phloem tissue area and vascular tissue area of the peduncle in both wheat cultivars.

Taxon
wheat cultivarsTriticum aestivume0
Organ / stage
pedunclee1
Treatment
water stresse2
Outcome
xylem tissue area, phloem tissue area, vascular tissue areae3
Direction
decreasee1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“increased the number of hairs and closed stomata on the peduncle surface of the two wheat cultivars”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1613–1712 · show in text ↑
e1

“marked decrease (P< 0.05) in peduncle diameter”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1408–1454 · show in text ↑
e2

“more affected by water stress”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1763–1792 · show in text ↑
e3

“xylem tissue area, phloem tissue area, vascular tissue area”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1495–1554 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Water stress decreased the number of vascular bundles and opened stomata of the peduncle in both wheat cultivars.

Taxon
wheat cultivarsTriticum aestivume0
Organ / stage
pedunclee1
Treatment
water stresse2
Outcome
number of vascular bundles as well as opened stomatae3
Direction
decreasee1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“increased the number of hairs and closed stomata on the peduncle surface of the two wheat cultivars”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1613–1712 · show in text ↑
e1

“marked decrease (P< 0.05) in peduncle diameter”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1408–1454 · show in text ↑
e2

“more affected by water stress”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1763–1792 · show in text ↑
e3

“number of vascular bundles as well as opened stomata”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1556–1608 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Water stress increased the number of hairs and closed stomata on the peduncle surface of the two wheat cultivars.

Taxon
wheat cultivarsTriticum aestivume0
Organ / stage
pedunclee0
Treatment
water stresse2
Outcome
number of hairs and closed stomatae0
Direction
increasede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“increased the number of hairs and closed stomata on the peduncle surface of the two wheat cultivars”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1613–1712 · show in text ↑
e2

“more affected by water stress”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1763–1792 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The sensitive wheat cultivar was more affected by water stress than the resistant one.

Taxon
wheat cultivarTriticum aestivume1
Material
the sensitivee1
Treatment
water stresse1
Outcome
more affected by water stresse1
Direction
more affectede1
Comparator
the resistant onee1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e1

“In relation to wheat cultivar, the sensitive was more affected by water stress than the resistant one”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1714–1815 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Application of glycine betaine, salicylic acid or their interaction induced some modifications in the anatomical features of the flag leaf and peduncle of the main shoot.

Taxon
wheat cultivarsTriticum aestivume0
Treatment
GB, SA or their interactione1
Outcome
some modifications in the anatomical featurese1

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Water stress markedly affected the anatomical features in flag leaves of both wheat cultivars”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 715–808 · show in text ↑
e1

“The application of GB, SA or their interaction induced some modifications in the anatomical features of the flag leaf and peduncle of main shoot”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1817–1961 · show in text ↑
Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultbasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

The authors interpret the GB and SA induced anatomical modifications as an adaptive response to drought stress.

Taxon
wheat cultivarsTriticum aestivume0
Treatment
GB, SA or their interactione1
Outcome
adaptive response to drought stresse1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Water stress markedly affected the anatomical features in flag leaves of both wheat cultivars”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 715–808 · show in text ↑
e1

“The application of GB, SA or their interaction induced some modifications in the anatomical features of the flag leaf and peduncle of main shoot which appeared to be an adaptive response to drought stress”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1817–2021 · show in text ↑

drought · physiology: gas exchange · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results

76 papers: 5 positive, 71 negative or no effect

70 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

72 papers more in this group

See all 76 papers →

drought · growth · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results

431 papers: 86 positive, 345 negative or no effect

344 papers in the same direction as this paper · 86 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

427 papers more in this group

See all 431 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.