Abstract
Hand leaf thinning for improvement of fruit coloration and quality is one of the most labor-consuming works in Korean apple cultivation. The study was aimed at investigating whether foliar application of two chelate compounds (Cu-EDTA, Fe-EDTA) could defoliate effectively ‘Hongro’/M.9 apple leaves and enhance fruit coloration and quality. At 30 days before harvest, foliar spray with two chelate compounds defoliated significantly the apple leaves. Chelate treatments did not affect the leaf chlorophyll content. High concentration of chelates decreased drastically photosynthetic rate of true leaves, and then it stayed in low levels, whereas low levels of chelates reduced sharply the photosynthetic rate but it was gradually restored over time. Cu-EDTA regardless of its concentration triggered higher defoliation compared to Fe-EDTA. Consequently, higher defoliation improved light interception of fruits and accumulated more anthocyanin. Particularly, Cu-EDTA could target mainly fruit cluster leaves which affect directly light interception of the fruits, i.e. more selective defoliants compared to Fe-EDTA. However, 3% Cu-EDTA rather defoliated excessively, accompanying with reduction of fruit weight and soluble solids. Therefore, our results suggest that 1% Cu-EDTA which defoliates properly the fruit cluster leaves could improve coloration and quality of ‘Hongro’/M.9 apple fruits.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Chelate sprays significantly defoliated apple leaves.
- Taxon
- apple
Malus domesticae0 - Treatment
- foliar spray with two chelate compoundse0
- Outcome
- apple leavese0
- Direction
- defoliatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At 30 days before harvest, foliar spray with two chelate compounds defoliated significantly the apple leaves.”
Claim · model-written summary
Chelates did not affect leaf chlorophyll content.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“Chelate treatments did not affect the leaf chlorophyll content.”
Claim · model-written summary
High chelate concentration drastically decreased photosynthetic rate and it remained low.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“High concentration of chelates decreased drastically photosynthetic rate of true leaves, and then it stayed in low levels”
Claim · model-written summary
Low chelate concentration sharply reduced photosynthetic rate, which later recovered.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“low levels of chelates reduced sharply the photosynthetic rate but it was gradually restored over time.”
Claim · model-written summary
Cu-EDTA produced more defoliation than Fe-EDTA.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Cu-EDTA regardless of its concentration triggered higher defoliation compared to Fe-EDTA.”
Claim · model-written summary
Greater defoliation improved light interception by fruit.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“higher defoliation improved light interception of fruits”
Claim · model-written summary
Greater defoliation accumulated more anthocyanin.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“higher defoliation improved light interception of fruits and accumulated more anthocyanin.”
Claim · model-written summary
Cu-EDTA selectively targeted fruit cluster leaves relative to Fe-EDTA.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Cu-EDTA could target mainly fruit cluster leaves which affect directly light interception of the fruits, i.e. more selective defoliants compared to Fe-EDTA.”
Claim · model-written summary
3% Cu-EDTA excessively defoliated trees.
- Outcome
- defoliated excessivelye0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“3% Cu-EDTA rather defoliated excessively”
Claim · model-written summary
3% Cu-EDTA reduced fruit weight and soluble solids.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“3% Cu-EDTA rather defoliated excessively, accompanying with reduction of fruit weight and soluble solids.”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors suggest 1% Cu-EDTA to improve apple coloration and quality.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Outcome
- improve coloration and qualitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“1% Cu-EDTA which defoliates properly the fruit cluster leaves could improve coloration and quality of ‘Hongro’/M.9 apple fruits.”
The same questions in other papers
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1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
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3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.