Physiological peculiarities of sunflower boron nutrition

Abstract

Although the importance of plant nutrition with boron was established almost a hundred years ago, the physiological peculiarities of its activity continue to be among the discussed. The boric fertilizers market in Ukraine is overloaded by advertising propositions and there are practically limited results of correct boron nutrition efficiency determination. Traditionally, since the early 1990s, the focus on plant nutrition in Ukraine has been given to nitrogen. However, low levels of nitrogen utilization by crops indicate that information on the physiological mechanisms of cultivated plants nutrition is not enough. And, practically, the issues of cultivated plants nutrition by other important elements, first of all -boron, remain out of focus. In Ukraine, areas under boron-dependent crops exceed 10 million hectares: sunflower, winter and spring rapeseed, sugar beets, potatoes, etc. Boron in nutrition systems is also required on soybean, cereals and maize. Cultivated plant's boron deficiency is observed in all soil and climatic zones of Ukraine. The aim of this research was to explore promising for Ukraine form of boron mineral fertilizers for sunflower nutrition, a culture that occupies the largest area in the country among all and boron-sensitive crops. Studies have shown that use of boron fertilizers in crop production of Ukraine is important for improving the productivity of boron-sensitive crops, mainly sunflower, and the basic introduction of slowly soluble boric fertilizer (Colemanite, Ulexite, etc) into the soil will significantly reduce seedling damage from phytotoxic effects of boron and increase productivity of boron-sensitive cultivated plants.

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