Abstract
Despite extensive studies on the effects of elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations ([CO2]) on rice, the molecular mechanisms and signaling events underlying the adaptation of plants remain largely elusive. Here, we report that OsRab6a, which encodes a small GTPase, is involved in the regulation of rice growth, grain yield, and accumulation of iron (Fe) in response to elevated [CO2] (e[CO2]). We generated transgenic plants with OsRab6a-overexpression (-OE) together with OsRab6a-RNAi lines, and found no differences in growth and grain yield among them and wild-type (WT) plants under ambient [CO2] conditions. Under e[CO2] conditions, growth and grain yield of the WT and OsRab6a-OE plants were enhanced, with a greater effect being observed in the latter. In contrast, there were no effects of e[CO2] on growth and grain yield of the OsRab6a-RNAi plants. Photosynthetic rates in both the WT and OsRab6a-OE plants were stimulated by e[CO2], with the magnitude of the increase being higher in OsRab6a-OE plants. Fe concentrations in vegetative tissues and the grain of the WT and transgenic plants were reduced by e[CO2], and the magnitude of the decrease was lower in the OE plants than in the WT and RNAi plants. Genes associated with Fe acquisition in the OsRab6a-OE lines exhibited higher levels of expression than those in the WT and the RNAi lines under e[CO2]. Analysis of our data using Dunnett's multiple comparison test suggested that OsRab6a is an important molecular regulator that underlies the adaptation of rice to e[CO2] by controlling photosynthesis and Fe accumulation.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Under ambient CO2, transgenic and wild-type lines did not differ in growth or grain yield.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Outcome
- growth and grain yielde0
- Direction
- no differencese0
- Qualifier
- ambient [CO2] conditionse0
- Comparator
- wild-type (WT) plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“found no differences in growth and grain yield among them and wild-type (WT) plants under ambient [CO2] conditions.”
t0“A rice small GTPase, Rab6a, is involved in the regulation of grain yield and iron nutrition in response to CO2 enrichment”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated CO2 increased wild-type rice growth and grain yield.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- WTe0
- Treatment
- e[CO2]e0
- Outcome
- growth and grain yielde0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under e[CO2] conditions, growth and grain yield of the WT and OsRab6a-OE plants were enhanced, with a greater effect being observed in the latter.”
t0“A rice small GTPase, Rab6a, is involved in the regulation of grain yield and iron nutrition in response to CO2 enrichment”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated CO2 increased OsRab6a-OE growth and grain yield more than in wild type.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- OsRab6a-OE plantse0
- Treatment
- e[CO2]e0
- Outcome
- growth and grain yielde0
- Direction
- greater effecte0
- Comparator
- WTe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under e[CO2] conditions, growth and grain yield of the WT and OsRab6a-OE plants were enhanced, with a greater effect being observed in the latter.”
t0“A rice small GTPase, Rab6a, is involved in the regulation of grain yield and iron nutrition in response to CO2 enrichment”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated CO2 did not affect OsRab6a-RNAi growth or grain yield.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- OsRab6a-RNAi plantse0
- Treatment
- e[CO2]e0
- Outcome
- growth and grain yielde0
- Direction
- no effectse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“there were no effects of e[CO2] on growth and grain yield of the OsRab6a-RNAi plants.”
t0“A rice small GTPase, Rab6a, is involved in the regulation of grain yield and iron nutrition in response to CO2 enrichment”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated CO2 stimulated wild-type photosynthesis.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- WTe0
- Treatment
- e[CO2]e0
- Outcome
- Photosynthetic ratese0
- Direction
- stimulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Photosynthetic rates in both the WT and OsRab6a-OE plants were stimulated by e[CO2], with the magnitude of the increase being higher in OsRab6a-OE plants.”
t0“A rice small GTPase, Rab6a, is involved in the regulation of grain yield and iron nutrition in response to CO2 enrichment”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated CO2 stimulated OsRab6a-OE photosynthesis more than wild type.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- OsRab6a-OE plantse0
- Treatment
- e[CO2]e0
- Outcome
- Photosynthetic ratese0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- WTe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Photosynthetic rates in both the WT and OsRab6a-OE plants were stimulated by e[CO2], with the magnitude of the increase being higher in OsRab6a-OE plants.”
t0“A rice small GTPase, Rab6a, is involved in the regulation of grain yield and iron nutrition in response to CO2 enrichment”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated CO2 reduced vegetative-tissue iron in wild-type and transgenic lines.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- e[CO2]e0
- Outcome
- Fe concentrations in vegetative tissuese0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fe concentrations in vegetative tissues and the grain of the WT and transgenic plants were reduced by e[CO2], and the magnitude of the decrease was lower in the OE plants than in the WT and RNAi plants.”
t0“A rice small GTPase, Rab6a, is involved in the regulation of grain yield and iron nutrition in response to CO2 enrichment”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated CO2 reduced grain iron in wild-type and transgenic lines.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- e[CO2]e0
- Outcome
- Fe concentrations in vegetative tissues and the graine0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fe concentrations in vegetative tissues and the grain of the WT and transgenic plants were reduced by e[CO2], and the magnitude of the decrease was lower in the OE plants than in the WT and RNAi plants.”
t0“A rice small GTPase, Rab6a, is involved in the regulation of grain yield and iron nutrition in response to CO2 enrichment”
Claim · model-written summary
The CO2-induced iron decrease was smaller in OE plants than in WT and RNAi plants.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- OE plantse0
- Outcome
- magnitude of the decreasee0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- WT and RNAi plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the magnitude of the decrease was lower in the OE plants than in the WT and RNAi plants.”
t0“A rice small GTPase, Rab6a, is involved in the regulation of grain yield and iron nutrition in response to CO2 enrichment”
Claim · model-written summary
Fe-acquisition genes were more highly expressed in OE lines under elevated CO2.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- OsRab6a-OE linese0
- Gene
- Genes associated with Fe acquisitione0
- Outcome
- levels of expressione0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- under e[CO2]e0
- Comparator
- WT and the RNAi linese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Genes associated with Fe acquisition in the OsRab6a-OE lines exhibited higher levels of expression than those in the WT and the RNAi lines under e[CO2].”
t0“A rice small GTPase, Rab6a, is involved in the regulation of grain yield and iron nutrition in response to CO2 enrichment”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors identify OsRab6a as a regulator of rice adaptation to elevated CO2 through photosynthesis and Fe accumulation.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Gene
- OsRab6ae0
- Outcome
- adaptation of rice to e[CO2]e0
- Qualifier
- controlling photosynthesis and Fe accumulatione0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“OsRab6a is an important molecular regulator that underlies the adaptation of rice to e[CO2] by controlling photosynthesis and Fe accumulation.”
t0“A rice small GTPase, Rab6a, is involved in the regulation of grain yield and iron nutrition in response to CO2 enrichment”