Abstract
Optimizing the photoprotection of different leaves as a whole is important for plants to adapt to fluctuations in ambient light conditions. However, the molecular basis of this leaf-to-leaf communication is poorly understood. Here, we used a range of techniques, including grafting, chlorophyll fluorescence, revers transcription quantitative PCR, immunoblotting, chromatin immunoprecipitation, and electrophoretic mobility shift assays, to explore the complexities of leaf-to-leaf light signal transmission and activation of the photoprotective response to light fluctuation in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). We established that light perception in the top leaves attenuated the photoinhibition of both PSII and PSI by triggering photoprotection pathways in the bottom leaves. Local light promoted the accumulation and movement of LONG HYPOCOTYL5 from the sunlit local leaves to the systemic leaves, priming the photoprotective response of the latter to light fluctuation. By directly activating the transcription of PROTON GRADIENT REGULATION5 and VIOLAXANTHIN DE-EPOXIDASE, LONG HYPOCOTYL5 induced cyclic electron flow, the xanthophyll cycle, and energy-dependent quenching. Our findings reveal a systemic signaling pathway and provide insight into an elaborate regulatory network, demonstrating a pre-emptive advantage in terms of the activation of photoprotection and, hence, the ability to survive in a fluctuating light environment.
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Claims 4
Claim · model-written summary
Light perception in the top leaves attenuated photoinhibition of both PSII and PSI in the bottom leaves.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Organ / stage
- bottom leavese1
- Treatment
- light perception in the top leavese1
- Outcome
- photoinhibition of both PSII and PSIe1
- Direction
- attenuatede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tomato (Solanum lycopersicum)”
e1“We established that light perception in the top leaves attenuated the photoinhibition of both PSII and PSI by triggering photoprotection pathways in the bottom leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Local light promoted accumulation and movement of LONG HYPOCOTYL5 from sunlit local leaves to systemic leaves.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Organ / stage
- sunlit local leavese2
- Treatment
- Local lighte2
- Gene
- LONG HYPOCOTYL5e2
- Outcome
- accumulation and movemente2
- Direction
- promotede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tomato (Solanum lycopersicum)”
e2“Local light promoted the accumulation and movement of LONG HYPOCOTYL5 from the sunlit local leaves to the systemic leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
LONG HYPOCOTYL5 primes the photoprotective response of systemic leaves to light fluctuation.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Gene
- LONG HYPOCOTYL5e2
- Outcome
- photoprotective response of the latter to light fluctuatione3
- Qualifier
- priminge3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tomato (Solanum lycopersicum)”
e2“Local light promoted the accumulation and movement of LONG HYPOCOTYL5 from the sunlit local leaves to the systemic leaves”
e3“priming the photoprotective response of the latter to light fluctuation”
Claim · model-written summary
LONG HYPOCOTYL5 directly activates transcription of PROTON GRADIENT REGULATION5 and VIOLAXANTHIN DE-EPOXIDASE, inducing cyclic electron flow, the xanthophyll cycle and energy-dependent quenching.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Gene
- PROTON GRADIENT REGULATION5 and VIOLAXANTHIN DE-EPOXIDASEe4
- Outcome
- cyclic electron flow, the xanthophyll cycle, and energy-dependent quenchinge4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tomato (Solanum lycopersicum)”
e4“By directly activating the transcription of PROTON GRADIENT REGULATION5 and VIOLAXANTHIN DE-EPOXIDASE, LONG HYPOCOTYL5 induced cyclic electron flow, the xanthophyll cycle, and energy-dependent quenching”
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