Abstract
Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) is grown globally for its protein-rich seed. However, low availability of soil zinc (Zn) adversely affects the seed yield of pigeonpea. The present study was therefore conducted to assess the Zn efficiency of pigeonpea genotypes based on seed yield and seed Zn uptake efficiency. Field experiments were conducted at the Indian Council of Agricultural Research–Indian Institute of Soil Science, Bhopal, India with twenty different pigeonpea genotypes and two levels of Zn application under a split-plot design. The two levels of Zn were low (without application of Zn fertilizer) and high (with application of 20 kg Zn ha−1 (as ZnSO4∙7H2O) as basal soil application, in conjunction with three foliar sprays of 0.50% (w/v) ZnSO4∙7H2O aqueous solution) (with 0.25% lime as neutralizing agent) at flowering, pod formation, and pod filling stages). Application of Zn improved plant height, branches plant−1, pods plant−1, seeds pod−1, and 100 seed weight of pigeonpea genotypes differently. The mean seed yield, seed Zn concentration, and seed Zn uptake of the genotypes increased from 1.71 to 2.12 t ha−1, 32.4 to 43.0 mg kg−1, and 54.9 to 90.6 g ha−1, respectively, with application of Zn. The seed yield efficiency index (SYEI) and Zn uptake efficiency index (ZUEI) of pigeonpea genotypes varied from 67.0 to 92.5 and from 47.0 to 69.9, respectively. Based on SYEI and ZUEI, the genotypes were classified as efficient and responsive (Virsa Arhar-1, GT-1, GT-101, SKNP 05-05, BDN-2, AAUT 2007-04, BSMR 853, T 15-15, DT 23, Pusa 9), efficient and non-responsive (ICPL 87119, PKV Trombay), inefficient and responsive (AKT 8811, Hisar Paras), and inefficient and non-responsive (AAUT 2007-10, JKM 7, Hisar Manak, C 11, Hisar HO2-60, GAUT 93-17). The efficient and responsive genotypes are the most useful as they yield well under low soil Zn conditions and also respond to Zn fertilizer application. The inefficient and responsive genotypes could be utilized for plant breeding programs by plant breeders for identification and utilization of responsive traits.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc application improved plant height, branches per plant and pods per plant of pigeonpea genotypes.
- Taxon
- Pigeonpea
Cajanus cajane0 - Treatment
- Application of Zne1
- Outcome
- plant height, branches plant−1, pods plant−1e1
- Direction
- improvede1
- Comparator
- without application of Zn fertilizere2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) is grown globally for its protein-rich seed”
e1“Application of Zn improved plant height, branches plant−1, pods plant−1, seeds pod−1, and 100 seed weight of pigeonpea genotypes differently”
e2“low (without application of Zn fertilizer)”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc application improved seeds per pod and 100-seed weight of pigeonpea genotypes.
- Taxon
- PigeonpeaCajanus cajane0
- Treatment
- Application of Zne1
- Outcome
- seeds pod−1, and 100 seed weighte1
- Direction
- improvede1
- Comparator
- without application of Zn fertilizere2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) is grown globally for its protein-rich seed”
e1“Application of Zn improved plant height, branches plant−1, pods plant−1, seeds pod−1, and 100 seed weight of pigeonpea genotypes differently”
e2“low (without application of Zn fertilizer)”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc application increased mean seed yield of pigeonpea genotypes from 1.71 to 2.12 t ha−1.
- Taxon
- PigeonpeaCajanus cajane0
- Treatment
- application of Zne3
- Outcome
- mean seed yielde3
- Direction
- increasede3
- Value
- 1.71 to 2.12 t ha−1e3
- Comparator
- without application of Zn fertilizere2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) is grown globally for its protein-rich seed”
e2“low (without application of Zn fertilizer)”
e3“The mean seed yield, seed Zn concentration, and seed Zn uptake of the genotypes increased from 1.71 to 2.12 t ha−1, 32.4 to 43.0 mg kg−1, and 54.9 to 90.6 g ha−1, respectively, with application of Zn”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc application increased seed Zn concentration of pigeonpea genotypes from 32.4 to 43.0 mg kg−1.
- Taxon
- PigeonpeaCajanus cajane0
- Treatment
- application of Zne3
- Outcome
- seed Zn concentratione3
- Direction
- increasede3
- Value
- 32.4 to 43.0 mg kg−1e3
- Comparator
- without application of Zn fertilizere2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) is grown globally for its protein-rich seed”
e2“low (without application of Zn fertilizer)”
e3“The mean seed yield, seed Zn concentration, and seed Zn uptake of the genotypes increased from 1.71 to 2.12 t ha−1, 32.4 to 43.0 mg kg−1, and 54.9 to 90.6 g ha−1, respectively, with application of Zn”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc application increased seed Zn uptake of pigeonpea genotypes from 54.9 to 90.6 g ha−1.
- Taxon
- PigeonpeaCajanus cajane0
- Treatment
- application of Zne3
- Outcome
- seed Zn uptakee3
- Direction
- increasede3
- Value
- 54.9 to 90.6 g ha−1e3
- Comparator
- without application of Zn fertilizere2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) is grown globally for its protein-rich seed”
e2“low (without application of Zn fertilizer)”
e3“The mean seed yield, seed Zn concentration, and seed Zn uptake of the genotypes increased from 1.71 to 2.12 t ha−1, 32.4 to 43.0 mg kg−1, and 54.9 to 90.6 g ha−1, respectively, with application of Zn”
Claim · model-written summary
The seed yield efficiency index of pigeonpea genotypes varied from 67.0 to 92.5.
- Taxon
- PigeonpeaCajanus cajane0
- Outcome
- seed yield efficiency index (SYEI)e4
- Value
- 67.0 to 92.5e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) is grown globally for its protein-rich seed”
e4“The seed yield efficiency index (SYEI) and Zn uptake efficiency index (ZUEI) of pigeonpea genotypes varied from 67.0 to 92.5 and from 47.0 to 69.9, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
The zinc uptake efficiency index of pigeonpea genotypes varied from 47.0 to 69.9.
- Taxon
- PigeonpeaCajanus cajane0
- Outcome
- Zn uptake efficiency index (ZUEI)e4
- Value
- 47.0 to 69.9e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) is grown globally for its protein-rich seed”
e4“The seed yield efficiency index (SYEI) and Zn uptake efficiency index (ZUEI) of pigeonpea genotypes varied from 67.0 to 92.5 and from 47.0 to 69.9, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Virsa Arhar-1, GT-1, GT-101, SKNP 05-05, BDN-2, AAUT 2007-04, BSMR 853, T 15-15, DT 23 and Pusa 9 are efficient and responsive to zinc.
- Taxon
- PigeonpeaCajanus cajane0
- Material
- Virsa Arhar-1, GT-1, GT-101, SKNP 05-05, BDN-2, AAUT 2007-04, BSMR 853, T 15-15, DT 23, Pusa 9e5
- Outcome
- efficient and responsivee5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) is grown globally for its protein-rich seed”
e5“efficient and responsive (Virsa Arhar-1, GT-1, GT-101, SKNP 05-05, BDN-2, AAUT 2007-04, BSMR 853, T 15-15, DT 23, Pusa 9)”
Claim · model-written summary
ICPL 87119 and PKV Trombay are efficient and non-responsive to zinc.
- Taxon
- PigeonpeaCajanus cajane0
- Material
- ICPL 87119, PKV Trombaye6
- Outcome
- efficient and non-responsivee6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) is grown globally for its protein-rich seed”
e6“efficient and non-responsive (ICPL 87119, PKV Trombay)”
Claim · model-written summary
AKT 8811 and Hisar Paras are inefficient and responsive to zinc.
- Taxon
- PigeonpeaCajanus cajane0
- Material
- AKT 8811, Hisar Parase7
- Outcome
- inefficient and responsivee7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) is grown globally for its protein-rich seed”
e7“inefficient and responsive (AKT 8811, Hisar Paras)”
Claim · model-written summary
AAUT 2007-10, JKM 7, Hisar Manak, C 11, Hisar HO2-60 and GAUT 93-17 are inefficient and non-responsive to zinc.
- Taxon
- PigeonpeaCajanus cajane0
- Material
- AAUT 2007-10, JKM 7, Hisar Manak, C 11, Hisar HO2-60, GAUT 93-17e1
- Outcome
- inefficient and non-responsivee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) is grown globally for its protein-rich seed”
e1“inefficient and non-responsive (AAUT 2007-10, JKM 7, Hisar Manak, C 11, Hisar HO2-60, GAUT 93-17)”
Claim · model-written summary
The efficient and responsive pigeonpea genotypes are the most useful under low soil zinc conditions.
- Taxon
- PigeonpeaCajanus cajane0
- Material
- efficient and responsive genotypese1
- Outcome
- most usefule1
- Qualifier
- under low soil Zn conditionse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) is grown globally for its protein-rich seed”
e1“The efficient and responsive genotypes are the most useful as they yield well under low soil Zn conditions and also respond to Zn fertilizer application”
Claim · model-written summary
The inefficient and responsive pigeonpea genotypes could be utilized in plant breeding programs.
- Taxon
- PigeonpeaCajanus cajane0
- Material
- inefficient and responsive genotypese1
- Outcome
- utilized for plant breeding programse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) is grown globally for its protein-rich seed”
e1“The inefficient and responsive genotypes could be utilized for plant breeding programs”
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See all 10 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.