Abstract
Beneficial effects of silicon (Si) on growth have been observed in some plant species, reportedly due to stoichiometric changes of C, N, and P. However, little is known about the effects on the stoichiometric relationships between C, N, and P when silicon is supplied via different modes in sorghum and sunflower plants under salt stress conditions. Therefore, the current study was performed to investigate the impact of differing modes of Si supply on shoot biomass production and C:N:P stoichiometry in sorghum and sunflower plants under salt stress. Two experiments were performed in a glass greenhouse using the strong Si-accumulator plant sorghum, as well as the intermediate type Si-accumulator sunflower, both of which were grown in pots filled with washed sand. Plant species were cultivated for 30 days in the absence or presence of salt stress (0 or 100 mM) and supplemented with one of four Si treatments: control plants (without Si), 28.6 mmol Si L−1 via foliar application, 2.0 mmol Si L−1 via nutrient solution, and combined application of foliar and nutrient solution, each group with five replications. The results revealed that supplied Si modified the C, N, and P concentrations, thereby enhancing the C:N:P stoichiometry and shoot dry matter of sorghum and sunflower plants under salt stress. Both application of Si via nutrient solution, as well as combined application via foliar and nutrient solution, increased the C:N ratio in both plant species under salt stress, but in sorghum plants decreased the C:P and N:P ratios and increased the shoot biomass production by 39%, while in sunflower plants increased the C:P and N:P ratios and increased the shoot biomass production by 24%. Our findings suggest that salt stress alleviation by Si impacts C:N:P stoichiometric relationships in a variable manner depending on the ability of the species to accumulate Si, as well as the route of Si administration.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Supplied silicon modified C, N and P concentrations in sorghum under salt stress.
SorghumNot reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results revealed that supplied Si modified the C, N, and P concentrations, thereby enhancing the C:N:P stoichiometry and shoot dry matter of sorghum and sunflower plants under salt stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Supplied silicon modified C, N and P concentrations in sunflower under salt stress.
- Taxon
- sunflower
Helianthus annuuse0 - Treatment
- supplied Sie0
- Outcome
- C, N, and P concentrationse0
- Qualifier
- under salt stresse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results revealed that supplied Si modified the C, N, and P concentrations, thereby enhancing the C:N:P stoichiometry and shoot dry matter of sorghum and sunflower plants under salt stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Supplied silicon enhanced C:N:P stoichiometry and shoot dry matter in salt-stressed sorghum.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“supplied Si modified the C, N, and P concentrations, thereby enhancing the C:N:P stoichiometry and shoot dry matter of sorghum and sunflower plants under salt stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Supplied silicon enhanced C:N:P stoichiometry and shoot dry matter in salt-stressed sunflower.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Treatment
- supplied Sie0
- Outcome
- C:N:P stoichiometry and shoot dry mattere0
- Direction
- enhancinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“supplied Si modified the C, N, and P concentrations, thereby enhancing the C:N:P stoichiometry and shoot dry matter of sorghum and sunflower plants under salt stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Nutrient-solution silicon increased the C:N ratio in sorghum under salt stress.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both application of Si via nutrient solution, as well as combined application via foliar and nutrient solution, increased the C:N ratio in both plant species under salt stress”
t0“sorghum and sunflower plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined foliar and nutrient-solution silicon increased the C:N ratio in sorghum under salt stress.
- Treatment
- combined application via foliar and nutrient solutione0
- Outcome
- C:N ratioe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both application of Si via nutrient solution, as well as combined application via foliar and nutrient solution, increased the C:N ratio in both plant species under salt stress”
t0“sorghum and sunflower plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Nutrient-solution silicon increased the C:N ratio in sunflower under salt stress.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- application of Si via nutrient solutione0
- Outcome
- C:N ratioe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both application of Si via nutrient solution, as well as combined application via foliar and nutrient solution, increased the C:N ratio in both plant species under salt stress”
t0“sorghum and sunflower plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined foliar and nutrient-solution silicon increased the C:N ratio in sunflower under salt stress.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- combined application via foliar and nutrient solutione0
- Outcome
- C:N ratioe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both application of Si via nutrient solution, as well as combined application via foliar and nutrient solution, increased the C:N ratio in both plant species under salt stress”
t0“sorghum and sunflower plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon supplied via nutrient solution or combined foliar and nutrient solution decreased C:P and N:P ratios in sorghum.
- Treatment
- application of Si via nutrient solution, as well as combined application via foliar and nutrient solutione1
- Outcome
- C:P and N:P ratiose0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in sorghum plants decreased the C:P and N:P ratios and increased the shoot biomass production by 39%”
e1“Both application of Si via nutrient solution, as well as combined application via foliar and nutrient solution”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon supplied via nutrient solution or combined foliar and nutrient solution increased sorghum shoot biomass by 39%.
- Treatment
- application of Si via nutrient solution, as well as combined application via foliar and nutrient solutione1
- Outcome
- shoot biomass productione0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 39%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in sorghum plants decreased the C:P and N:P ratios and increased the shoot biomass production by 39%”
e1“Both application of Si via nutrient solution, as well as combined application via foliar and nutrient solution”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon supplied via nutrient solution or combined foliar and nutrient solution increased C:P and N:P ratios in sunflower.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Treatment
- application of Si via nutrient solution, as well as combined application via foliar and nutrient solutione1
- Outcome
- C:P and N:P ratiose0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in sunflower plants increased the C:P and N:P ratios and increased the shoot biomass production by 24%”
e1“Both application of Si via nutrient solution, as well as combined application via foliar and nutrient solution”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon supplied via nutrient solution or combined foliar and nutrient solution increased sunflower shoot biomass by 24%.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Treatment
- application of Si via nutrient solution, as well as combined application via foliar and nutrient solutione1
- Outcome
- shoot biomass productione0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 24%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in sunflower plants increased the C:P and N:P ratios and increased the shoot biomass production by 24%”
e1“Both application of Si via nutrient solution, as well as combined application via foliar and nutrient solution”
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