Abstract
To investigate the effect of different planting dates (November 1-2018, December 1-2018 and December 31-2018) as the main factor, different salinity levels of the irrigation water (2, 7 and 12 dS/m) as the sub-plots factor and different irrigation regimes (including irrigation at 5 critical stages of the growth period, 2 stages of germination and flowering and 0 irrigation) as the sub-sub-plots factor with three replications a split-split plot experiment was carried out in a complete random blocks design during 2018-2019. Significant effects were observed for all treatments and interaction between two and three factors on grain yield and root anatomical traits (surfaces of the central cylinder, epidermis and cross-sectional). The highest and lowest grain yields (6106.30 and 689.30 kg/ha, respectively) belonged to planting at December 1-2018 and December 31-2018, salinities of 2 and 12 dS/m and also irrigation at 5 stages and no irrigation during the growing season. Other traits (number of spikes, number of grains, 1000-grain weight, spike length and plant height) were decreased with increasing in salt level and reducing irrigation events. Delayed planting reduced the yield and components more than early planting. The largest surface of the central cylinder, and the cross-section was obtained with planting at December 1-2018 and the greatest epidermis surface was obtained with planting at December 31-2018. Grain yield had the highest positive and significant correlation with cross-sectional surface (0.396**) and it may be used as criteria for breeding wheat for an increased yield under unfavorable environments.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Planting date, salinity and irrigation treatments all had significant effects on grain yield and root anatomical traits of wheat.
- Taxon
- Wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Material
- Chamrant0
- Organ / stage
- roote0
- Treatment
- all treatmentse0
- Outcome
- grain yield and root anatomical traitse0
- Setting
- Khuzestant0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Traits of Wheat, Chamran Cultivar in Khuzestan”
e0“Significant effects were observed for all treatments and interaction between two and three factors on grain yield and root anatomical traits”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest grain yield of wheat, 6106.30 kg/ha, was obtained with planting at December 1-2018 and irrigation at 5 stages.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Chamrant0
- Treatment
- planting at December 1-2018e1
- Outcome
- grain yielde1
- Value
- 6106.30e1
- Qualifier
- irrigation at 5 stagese1
- Setting
- Khuzestant0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Traits of Wheat, Chamran Cultivar in Khuzestan”
e1“The highest and lowest grain yields (6106.30 and 689.30 kg/ha, respectively) belonged to planting at December 1-2018 and December 31-2018, salinities of 2 and 12 dS/m and also irrigation at 5 stages and no irrigation during the growing season”
Claim · model-written summary
The lowest grain yield of wheat, 689.30 kg/ha, was obtained with planting at December 31-2018 and no irrigation.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Chamrant0
- Treatment
- December 31-2018e1
- Outcome
- grain yielde1
- Value
- 689.30e1
- Qualifier
- no irrigation during the growing seasone1
- Setting
- Khuzestant0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Traits of Wheat, Chamran Cultivar in Khuzestan”
e1“The highest and lowest grain yields (6106.30 and 689.30 kg/ha, respectively) belonged to planting at December 1-2018 and December 31-2018, salinities of 2 and 12 dS/m and also irrigation at 5 stages and no irrigation during the growing season”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing salinity and reducing irrigation events decreased the number of spikes, number of grains and 1000-grain weight of wheat.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- increasing in salt level and reducing irrigation eventse2
- Outcome
- number of spikes, number of grains, 1000-grain weighte2
- Direction
- decreasede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Traits of Wheat, Chamran Cultivar in Khuzestan”
e2“Other traits (number of spikes, number of grains, 1000-grain weight, spike length and plant height) were decreased with increasing in salt level and reducing irrigation events”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing salinity and reducing irrigation events decreased the spike length and plant height of wheat.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- increasing in salt level and reducing irrigation eventse2
- Outcome
- spike length and plant heighte2
- Direction
- decreasede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Traits of Wheat, Chamran Cultivar in Khuzestan”
e2“Other traits (number of spikes, number of grains, 1000-grain weight, spike length and plant height) were decreased with increasing in salt level and reducing irrigation events”
Claim · model-written summary
Delayed planting reduced yield and yield components of wheat more than early planting.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Delayed plantinge3
- Outcome
- yield and componentse3
- Direction
- reducede3
- Comparator
- early plantinge3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Traits of Wheat, Chamran Cultivar in Khuzestan”
e3“Delayed planting reduced the yield and components more than early planting”
Claim · model-written summary
Planting at December 1-2018 gave the largest central cylinder surface and cross-section of wheat roots.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- roote0
- Treatment
- planting at December 1-2018e4
- Outcome
- cross-sectione4
- Direction
- largeste5
- Qualifier
- central cylindere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Traits of Wheat, Chamran Cultivar in Khuzestan”
e0“Significant effects were observed for all treatments and interaction between two and three factors on grain yield and root anatomical traits (surfaces of the central cylinder, epidermis and cross-sectional)”
e4“the cross-section was obtained with planting at December 1-2018”
e5“The largest surface of”
Claim · model-written summary
Planting at December 31-2018 gave the greatest epidermis surface of wheat roots.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- roote0
- Treatment
- planting at December 31-2018e6
- Outcome
- epidermis surfacee6
- Direction
- greateste6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Traits of Wheat, Chamran Cultivar in Khuzestan”
e0“Significant effects were observed for all treatments and interaction between two and three factors on grain yield and root anatomical traits”
e6“the greatest epidermis surface was obtained with planting at December 31-2018”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain yield correlated positively and significantly with the cross-sectional surface of wheat roots (0.396).
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- cross-sectional surfacee7
- Outcome
- grain yielde7
- Direction
- positivee7
- Value
- 0.396e7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Traits of Wheat, Chamran Cultivar in Khuzestan”
e7“Grain yield had the highest positive and significant correlation with cross-sectional surface (0.396**)”
Claim · model-written summary
The grain yield and cross-sectional surface correlation suggests using the cross-sectional surface as a breeding criterion for higher wheat yield under unfavorable environments.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- criteria for breeding wheat for an increased yielde1
- Qualifier
- under unfavorable environmentse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Traits of Wheat, Chamran Cultivar in Khuzestan”
e1“it may be used as criteria for breeding wheat for an increased yield under unfavorable environments”
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