Abstract
Different combinations of insecticides were tested on cowpea crop against spotted pod borer (Maruca vitrata) during 2012-2014 at different time intervals and revealed that lowest M. vitrata population was recorded in the treatment of imidacloprid 17.8 SL in combination with spinosad 45 SC (0.90 larva/plant). The next effective treatments were acetamiprid 20 SP in combination with spinosad 45 SC (0.98 larva/plant) and thiamethoxam 25 WG in combination with spinosad 45 SC (0.98 larva/plant). The highest M. vitrata population was observed in control (4.18 larvae/plant). Maximum reduction of larvae was found in the treatments in which spinosad is present followed by the treatments in which novaluron is present. Imidacloprid 17.8 SL in combination with spinosad 45 SC recorded the lowest spotted pod borer damage with 5.61 per cent damage. With respect to BCR, highest BCR (1:8.70) was registered in the treatment imidacloprid 17.8 SL in combination with indoxacarb 14.5 SC which was followed by thiamethoxam 25 WG in combination with indoxacarb 14.5 SC (1:6.52) and acetamiprid 20 SP in combination with indoxacarb 14.5 SC (1:6.43).
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Imidacloprid with spinosad yielded the lowest M. vitrata population at 0.90 larva/plant.
- Taxon
- cowpea
Vigna unguiculatat0 - Treatment
- imidacloprid 17.8 SL in combination with spinosad 45 SCe0
- Interactor
- M. vitrata
Maruca vitratae0pest - Outcome
- M. vitrata populatione0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Value
- 0.90 larva/plante0
- Comparator
- controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“lowest M. vitrata population was recorded in the treatment of imidacloprid 17.8 SL in combination with spinosad 45 SC (0.90 larva/plant)”
e1“The highest M. vitrata population was observed in control (4.18 larvae/plant).”
t0“cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Acetamiprid with spinosad was the next effective treatment, at 0.98 larva/plant.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- acetamiprid 20 SP in combination with spinosad 45 SCe0
- Interactor
- M. vitrataMaruca vitratae1pest
- Outcome
- M. vitrata populatione1
- Direction
- effectivee0
- Value
- 0.98 larva/plante0
- Comparator
- controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The next effective treatments were acetamiprid 20 SP in combination with spinosad 45 SC (0.98 larva/plant) and thiamethoxam 25 WG in combination with spinosad 45 SC (0.98 larva/plant).”
e1“The highest M. vitrata population was observed in control (4.18 larvae/plant).”
t0“cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Thiamethoxam with spinosad was the next effective treatment, at 0.98 larva/plant.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- thiamethoxam 25 WG in combination with spinosad 45 SCe0
- Interactor
- M. vitrataMaruca vitratae1pest
- Outcome
- M. vitrata populatione1
- Direction
- effectivee0
- Value
- 0.98 larva/plante0
- Comparator
- controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The next effective treatments were acetamiprid 20 SP in combination with spinosad 45 SC (0.98 larva/plant) and thiamethoxam 25 WG in combination with spinosad 45 SC (0.98 larva/plant).”
e1“The highest M. vitrata population was observed in control (4.18 larvae/plant).”
t0“cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Untreated control had the highest M. vitrata population, at 4.18 larvae/plant.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Interactor
- M. vitrataMaruca vitratae0pest
- Outcome
- M. vitrata populatione0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 4.18 larvae/plante0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest M. vitrata population was observed in control (4.18 larvae/plant).”
t0“cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Combinations containing spinosad had the greatest larval reduction, followed by those containing novaluron.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- spinosade0
- Outcome
- reduction of larvaee0
- Direction
- Maximum reductione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maximum reduction of larvae was found in the treatments in which spinosad is present followed by the treatments in which novaluron is present.”
t0“cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Imidacloprid with spinosad yielded the lowest pod borer damage, 5.61 per cent.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- Imidacloprid 17.8 SL in combination with spinosad 45 SCe0
- Interactor
- spotted pod borere0pest
- Outcome
- spotted pod borer damagee0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Value
- 5.61 per cente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Imidacloprid 17.8 SL in combination with spinosad 45 SC recorded the lowest spotted pod borer damage with 5.61 per cent damage.”
t0“cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Imidacloprid with indoxacarb had the highest BCR of 1:8.70.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- imidacloprid 17.8 SL in combination with indoxacarb 14.5 SCe0
- Outcome
- BCRe0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 1:8.70e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“highest BCR (1:8.70) was registered in the treatment imidacloprid 17.8 SL in combination with indoxacarb 14.5 SC”
t0“cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Thiamethoxam with indoxacarb had the next highest BCR, 1:6.52.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- thiamethoxam 25 WG in combination with indoxacarb 14.5 SCe0
- Outcome
- BCRe1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Value
- 1:6.52e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“thiamethoxam 25 WG in combination with indoxacarb 14.5 SC (1:6.52)”
e1“With respect to BCR, highest BCR (1:8.70) was registered”
t0“cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Acetamiprid with indoxacarb had a BCR of 1:6.43.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- acetamiprid 20 SP in combination with indoxacarb 14.5 SCe0
- Outcome
- BCRe1
- Value
- 1:6.43e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“acetamiprid 20 SP in combination with indoxacarb 14.5 SC (1:6.43)”
e1“With respect to BCR, highest BCR (1:8.70) was registered”
t0“cowpea”
The same questions in other papers
acetamiprid · yield · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Positive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →imidacloprid · pest · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Positive and negative results
7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- positive
- positive
5 papers more in this group
See all 9 papers →imidacloprid · Maruca vitrata · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
acetamiprid · Maruca vitrata · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
thiamethoxam · Maruca vitrata · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
indoxacarb · yield · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Results agree
4 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →thiamethoxam · yield · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Results agree
5 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →spinosad · Maruca vitrata · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Results agree
5 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →8 of 10 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.