Abstract
Climate change is predicted to hamper crop production due to precipitation deficits and warmer temperatures inducing both water stress and increasing herbivory due to more abundant insect pests. Consequently, crop yields will be impacted simultaneously by abiotic and biotic stressors. Extensive yield losses due to such climate change stressors might, however, be mitigated by ecosystem services such as insect pollination. We examined the single and combined effects of water stress, insect herbivory and insect pollination on faba bean yield components and above- and belowground plant biomass under realistic field conditions. We used rainout shelters to simulate a scenario in line with climate change projections, with adequate water supply at sowing followed by a long period without precipitation. This induced a gradually increasing water stress, culminating around crop flowering and yield formation. We found that gradually increasing water stress combined with insect herbivory by aphids interactively shaped yield in faba beans. Individually, aphid herbivory reduced yield by 79% and water stress reduced yield by 52%. However, the combined effect of water stress and aphid herbivory reduced yield less (84%) than the sum of the individual stressor effects. In contrast, insect pollination increased yield by 68% independently of water availability and insect herbivory. Our results suggest that yield losses can be greatly reduced when both water stress and insect herbivory are reduced simultaneously. In contrast, reducing only one stressor has negligible benefits on yield as long as the crop is suffering from the other stressor. We call for further exploration of interactions among ecosystem services and biotic and abiotic stressors that simulate realistic conditions under climate change.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Aphid herbivory reduced faba bean yield by 79%.
- Taxon
- faba bean
Vicia fabae1 - Treatment
- aphid herbivorye0
- Interactor
- aphide0pest
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 79%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“aphid herbivory reduced yield by 79%”
e1“faba bean yield components”
Claim · model-written summary
Water stress reduced faba bean yield by 52%.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“water stress reduced yield by 52%”
e1“faba bean yield components”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined water stress and aphid herbivory reduced yield by 84%, less than additive losses.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabae1
- Treatment
- water stress and aphid herbivorye0
- Interactor
- aphide0pest
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 84%e0
- Comparator
- sum of the individual stressor effectse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the combined effect of water stress and aphid herbivory reduced yield less (84%) than the sum of the individual stressor effects”
e1“faba bean yield components”
Claim · model-written summary
Insect pollination increased yield by 68% independently of water and herbivory.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabae1
- Treatment
- insect pollinatione0
- Interactor
- insecte0pollinator
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 68%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“insect pollination increased yield by 68% independently of water availability and insect herbivory”
e1“faba bean yield components”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors suggest reducing both water stress and herbivory simultaneously to reduce losses.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabae1
- Treatment
- both water stress and insect herbivory are reduced simultaneouslye0
- Outcome
- yield losses can be greatly reducede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“yield losses can be greatly reduced when both water stress and insect herbivory are reduced simultaneously”
e1“faba bean yield components”
Claim · model-written summary
Reducing just one stressor gives negligible yield benefit while the other persists.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabae1
- Outcome
- negligible benefits on yielde0
- Qualifier
- as long as the crop is suffering from the other stressore0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reducing only one stressor has negligible benefits on yield as long as the crop is suffering from the other stressor”
e1“faba bean yield components”
The same questions in other papers
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See all 12 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.