Paper · 2020 · Plant Soil and Environment

Effects of different N, P, K and Ca levels on tomato yield, quality and fertiliser use efficiency

Feng Qu; Jiao Zhang; Xueqiang Ma; et al.

16
claims
37
verbatim quotes
11
citations
2
research areas
✓
Open access · cc-by-nc

Abstract

The experiment aimed to obtain a quadratic regression mathematical model of the comprehensive evaluation score of yield, quality, and four macroelements (N, K, P and Ca). The suitable nutrient solution was chosen and verified via computer simulation of the model and the highest comprehensive score in all treatments. Results showed that P, K and Ca had a positive effect on the comprehensive evaluation value of tomato, whereas N showed a negative effect. The optimal formula calculated using the regression equation could promote high-yield and high-quality tomato. The single-plant yield, soluble protein, vitamin C, total sugar, lycopene, and elemental utilisation of K and Ca in the tomato were 13.93, 78.95, 3.29, 20.98, 51.91, 16.69 and 24.14% higher than those in the special formula treatment of Japanese Yamazaki tomato, respectively. In summary, the optimal nutrient solution formula of tomato cultivation was obtained, in which the N, P, K and Ca levels were 24.83, 4.50, 9.49 and 5.73 mmol/L, respectively.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by-nc. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 16

Associationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

P had a positive effect on tomato comprehensive evaluation.

Treatment
Pe0
Outcome
comprehensive evaluation valuee0
Direction
positive effecte0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“P, K and Ca had a positive effect on the comprehensive evaluation value of tomato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 338–419 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

K had a positive effect on tomato comprehensive evaluation.

Treatment
Ke0
Outcome
comprehensive evaluation valuee0
Direction
positive effecte0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“P, K and Ca had a positive effect on the comprehensive evaluation value of tomato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 338–419 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Ca had a positive effect on tomato comprehensive evaluation.

Treatment
Cae0
Outcome
comprehensive evaluation valuee0
Direction
positive effecte0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“P, K and Ca had a positive effect on the comprehensive evaluation value of tomato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 338–419 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

N had a negative effect on tomato comprehensive evaluation.

Treatment
Ne0
Outcome
comprehensive evaluation valuee1
Direction
negative effecte0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“N showed a negative effect”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 429–455 · show in text ↑
t0

“tomato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 46–52 · show in text ↑
t1

“tomato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 46–52 · show in text ↑
e1

“P, K and Ca had a positive effect on the comprehensive evaluation value of tomato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 338–419 · show in text ↑
Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivesimulated

Claim · model-written summary

The calculated optimal formula could promote tomato yield and quality.

Treatment
optimal formulae0
Outcome
high-yield and high-quality tomatoe0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The optimal formula calculated using the regression equation could promote high-yield and high-quality tomato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 457–566 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The optimal formula raised single-plant yield by 13.93% over the Japanese Yamazaki formula.

Treatment
optimal nutrient solution formulae1
Outcome
single-plant yielde0
Direction
highere0
Value
13.93e0
Comparator
special formula treatment of Japanese Yamazaki tomatoe0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The single-plant yield, soluble protein, vitamin C, total sugar, lycopene, and elemental utilisation of K and Ca in the tomato were 13.93, 78.95, 3.29, 20.98, 51.91, 16.69 and 24.14% higher than those in the special formula treatment of Japanese Yamazaki tomato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 568–829 · show in text ↑
t1

“tomato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 46–52 · show in text ↑
e1

“the optimal nutrient solution formula of tomato cultivation was obtained”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 857–929 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The optimal formula raised soluble protein by 78.95% over the Japanese Yamazaki formula.

Treatment
optimal nutrient solution formulae1
Outcome
soluble proteine0
Direction
highere0
Value
78.95e0
Comparator
special formula treatment of Japanese Yamazaki tomatoe0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The single-plant yield, soluble protein, vitamin C, total sugar, lycopene, and elemental utilisation of K and Ca in the tomato were 13.93, 78.95, 3.29, 20.98, 51.91, 16.69 and 24.14% higher than those in the special formula treatment of Japanese Yamazaki tomato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 568–829 · show in text ↑
t1

“tomato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 46–52 · show in text ↑
e1

“the optimal nutrient solution formula of tomato cultivation was obtained”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 857–929 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The optimal formula raised vitamin C by 3.29% over the Japanese Yamazaki formula.

Treatment
optimal nutrient solution formulae1
Outcome
vitamin Ce0
Direction
highere0
Value
3.29e0
Comparator
special formula treatment of Japanese Yamazaki tomatoe0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The single-plant yield, soluble protein, vitamin C, total sugar, lycopene, and elemental utilisation of K and Ca in the tomato were 13.93, 78.95, 3.29, 20.98, 51.91, 16.69 and 24.14% higher than those in the special formula treatment of Japanese Yamazaki tomato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 568–829 · show in text ↑
t1

“tomato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 46–52 · show in text ↑
e1

“the optimal nutrient solution formula of tomato cultivation was obtained”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 857–929 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The optimal formula raised total sugar by 20.98% over the Japanese Yamazaki formula.

Treatment
optimal nutrient solution formulae1
Outcome
total sugare0
Direction
highere0
Value
20.98e0
Comparator
special formula treatment of Japanese Yamazaki tomatoe0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The single-plant yield, soluble protein, vitamin C, total sugar, lycopene, and elemental utilisation of K and Ca in the tomato were 13.93, 78.95, 3.29, 20.98, 51.91, 16.69 and 24.14% higher than those in the special formula treatment of Japanese Yamazaki tomato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 568–829 · show in text ↑
t1

“tomato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 46–52 · show in text ↑
e1

“the optimal nutrient solution formula of tomato cultivation was obtained”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 857–929 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The optimal formula raised lycopene by 51.91% over the Japanese Yamazaki formula.

Treatment
optimal nutrient solution formulae1
Outcome
lycopenee0
Direction
highere0
Value
51.91e0
Comparator
special formula treatment of Japanese Yamazaki tomatoe0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The single-plant yield, soluble protein, vitamin C, total sugar, lycopene, and elemental utilisation of K and Ca in the tomato were 13.93, 78.95, 3.29, 20.98, 51.91, 16.69 and 24.14% higher than those in the special formula treatment of Japanese Yamazaki tomato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 568–829 · show in text ↑
t1

“tomato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 46–52 · show in text ↑
e1

“the optimal nutrient solution formula of tomato cultivation was obtained”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 857–929 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The optimal formula raised elemental utilisation of K by 16.69% over the Japanese Yamazaki formula.

Treatment
optimal nutrient solution formulae1
Outcome
elemental utilisation of Ke0
Direction
highere0
Value
16.69e0
Comparator
special formula treatment of Japanese Yamazaki tomatoe0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The single-plant yield, soluble protein, vitamin C, total sugar, lycopene, and elemental utilisation of K and Ca in the tomato were 13.93, 78.95, 3.29, 20.98, 51.91, 16.69 and 24.14% higher than those in the special formula treatment of Japanese Yamazaki tomato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 568–829 · show in text ↑
t1

“tomato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 46–52 · show in text ↑
e1

“the optimal nutrient solution formula of tomato cultivation was obtained”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 857–929 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The optimal formula raised Ca by 24.14% over the Japanese Yamazaki formula.

Treatment
optimal nutrient solution formulae1
Outcome
Cae0
Direction
highere0
Value
24.14%e0
Comparator
special formula treatment of Japanese Yamazaki tomatoe0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The single-plant yield, soluble protein, vitamin C, total sugar, lycopene, and elemental utilisation of K and Ca in the tomato were 13.93, 78.95, 3.29, 20.98, 51.91, 16.69 and 24.14% higher than those in the special formula treatment of Japanese Yamazaki tomato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 568–829 · show in text ↑
t1

“tomato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 46–52 · show in text ↑
e1

“the optimal nutrient solution formula of tomato cultivation was obtained”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 857–929 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The optimal formula included N at 24.83 mmol/L.

Outcome
Ne0
Value
24.83e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“the N, P, K and Ca levels were 24.83, 4.50, 9.49 and 5.73 mmol/L, respectively”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 940–1018 · show in text ↑
t0

“tomato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 46–52 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The optimal formula included P at 4.50 mmol/L.

Outcome
Pe0
Value
4.50e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“the N, P, K and Ca levels were 24.83, 4.50, 9.49 and 5.73 mmol/L, respectively”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 940–1018 · show in text ↑
t0

“tomato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 46–52 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The optimal formula included K at 9.49 mmol/L.

Outcome
Ke0
Value
9.49e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“the N, P, K and Ca levels were 24.83, 4.50, 9.49 and 5.73 mmol/L, respectively”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 940–1018 · show in text ↑
t0

“tomato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 46–52 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The optimal formula included Ca at 5.73 mmol/L.

Outcome
Cae0
Value
5.73 mmol/Le0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“the N, P, K and Ca levels were 24.83, 4.50, 9.49 and 5.73 mmol/L, respectively”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 940–1018 · show in text ↑
t0

“tomato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 46–52 · show in text ↑

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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.