Abstract
Low crop yield in organic farming restricts its popularization, and N deficiency is one of important reasons for the yield decline in organic farming. In this study, the biodegradable plastic mulch (BDP) was introduced into organic farming and its effects on soil N mineralization and crop yield were investigated. Over the two experimental years, application of manure + BDP improved the average soil moisture by 1.3% and 1.1%, and average soil temperature by 1.8 °C and 0.8 °C, and led to 27% and 26% higher cumulative mineralized N. Additionally, tomato fruit yield was improved by 18% and 18%, NUE increased by 104% and 77%, and N recovery rate greater by 60% and 48% in 2 years, respectively. Improvement of cumulative mineralized N was significantly correlated with soil temperature, while has no significant relationship with soil moisture. However, the tomato yield was obviously correlated with soil moisture, soil temperature, and N mineralization. This study suggested that the application of Manure + BDP improves the tomato yield due to its improvement on soil temperature, soil moisture, and accumulated mineralized N in organic tomato farming and implies that Manure + BDP can be considered as an option to improve the tomato yield in organic farming systems.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Manure plus biodegradable mulch increased average soil moisture by 1.3% and 1.1% in the two years.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- manure + BDPe0
- Outcome
- average soil moisturee0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 1.3% and 1.1%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e0“application of manure + BDP improved the average soil moisture by 1.3% and 1.1%”
Claim · model-written summary
Manure plus biodegradable mulch raised average soil temperature by 1.8 °C and 0.8 °C.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- manure + BDPe1
- Outcome
- average soil temperaturee0
- Direction
- increaseinferrede0
- Value
- 1.8 °C and 0.8 °Ce0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e0“average soil temperature by 1.8 °C and 0.8 °C”
e1“application of manure + BDP improved the average soil moisture by 1.3% and 1.1%”
Claim · model-written summary
Manure plus biodegradable mulch raised cumulative mineralized nitrogen by 27% and 26%.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- manure + BDPe1
- Outcome
- cumulative mineralized Ne0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 27% and 26%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e0“led to 27% and 26% higher cumulative mineralized N”
e1“application of manure + BDP improved the average soil moisture by 1.3% and 1.1%”
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato fruit yield improved by 18% in each of two years.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- manure + BDPe1
- Outcome
- tomato fruit yielde0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 18% and 18%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e0“Additionally, tomato fruit yield was improved by 18% and 18%”
e1“application of manure + BDP improved the average soil moisture by 1.3% and 1.1%”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen use efficiency increased by 104% and 77%.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- manure + BDPe1
- Outcome
- NUEe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 104% and 77%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e0“NUE increased by 104% and 77%”
e1“application of manure + BDP improved the average soil moisture by 1.3% and 1.1%”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen recovery rate increased by 60% and 48%.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- manure + BDPe1
- Outcome
- N recovery ratee0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Value
- 60% and 48%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e0“N recovery rate greater by 60% and 48%”
e1“application of manure + BDP improved the average soil moisture by 1.3% and 1.1%”
Claim · model-written summary
Cumulative mineralized nitrogen improvement was significantly correlated with soil temperature.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- cumulative mineralized Ne0
- Qualifier
- soil temperaturee0
Not reportedSettingDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e0“Improvement of cumulative mineralized N was significantly correlated with soil temperature”
Claim · model-written summary
Cumulative mineralized nitrogen improvement had no significant relationship with soil moisture.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- soil moisturee0
- Qualifier
- no significant relationshipe0
Not reportedSettingDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tomato”
e0“while has no significant relationship with soil moisture”
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato yield was correlated with soil moisture, soil temperature, and nitrogen mineralization.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Outcome
- tomato yielde0
- Qualifier
- soil moisture, soil temperature, and N mineralizatione0
Not reportedSettingDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the tomato yield was obviously correlated with soil moisture, soil temperature, and N mineralization”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors consider manure plus biodegradable mulch an option for improving tomato yield in organic farming.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- Manure + BDPe0
- Outcome
- improve the tomato yielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Manure + BDP can be considered as an option to improve the tomato yield in organic farming systems”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.