Abstract
Abstract This study aims to investigate optimization of the basal-top-dressing nitrogen ratio for improving winter wheat grain yield, nitrogen use efficiency, water use efficiency and physiological parameters under supplemental irrigation. A water-saving irrigation (SI) regime was established and sufficient irrigation (UI) was used as a control condition. The split-nitrogen regimes used were based on a identical total nitrogen application rate of 240 kg ha −1 but were split in four different proportions between sowing and the jointing stage; i.e. 10:0 (N1), 7:3 (N2), 5:5 (N3) and 3:7 (N4). Compared with the N1, N2 and N4 treatments, N3 treatment increased grain yield, nitrogen and water use efficiencies by 5.27–17.75%, 5.68–18.78% and 5.65–31.02%, respectively, in both years. The yield advantage obtained with the optimized split-nitrogen fertilizer application may be attributable to greater flag leaf photosynthetic capacity and grain-filling capacity. Furthermore, the N3 treatment maintained the highest nitrogen and water use efficiencies. Moreover, we observed that water use efficiency of SI compared with UI increased by 9.75% in 2016 and 10.79% in 2017, respectively. It can be concluded that SI along with a 5:5 basal-top-dressing nitrogen ratio should be considered as an optimal fertigation strategy for both high grain yield and efficiency in winter wheat.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
N3 increased grain yield by 5.27–17.75%.
- Taxon
- winter wheat
Triticum aestivume1 - Treatment
- N3 treatmente0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 5.27–17.75%e0
- Comparator
- N1, N2 and N4 treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared with the N1, N2 and N4 treatments, N3 treatment increased grain yield, nitrogen and water use efficiencies by 5.27–17.75%, 5.68–18.78% and 5.65–31.02%, respectively, in both years.”
e1“This study aims to investigate optimization of the basal-top-dressing nitrogen ratio for improving winter wheat grain yield”
Claim · model-written summary
N3 increased nitrogen use efficiency by 5.68–18.78%.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- N3 treatmente0
- Outcome
- nitrogene0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 5.68–18.78%e0
- Comparator
- N1, N2 and N4 treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared with the N1, N2 and N4 treatments, N3 treatment increased grain yield, nitrogen and water use efficiencies by 5.27–17.75%, 5.68–18.78% and 5.65–31.02%, respectively, in both years.”
e1“This study aims to investigate optimization of the basal-top-dressing nitrogen ratio for improving winter wheat grain yield”
Claim · model-written summary
N3 increased water use efficiency by 5.65–31.02%.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- N3 treatmente0
- Outcome
- water use efficienciese0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 5.65–31.02%e0
- Comparator
- N1, N2 and N4 treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared with the N1, N2 and N4 treatments, N3 treatment increased grain yield, nitrogen and water use efficiencies by 5.27–17.75%, 5.68–18.78% and 5.65–31.02%, respectively, in both years.”
e1“This study aims to investigate optimization of the basal-top-dressing nitrogen ratio for improving winter wheat grain yield”
Claim · model-written summary
N3 had the highest nitrogen use efficiency.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- N3 treatmente0
- Outcome
- nitrogene0
- Direction
- higheste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the N3 treatment maintained the highest nitrogen and water use efficiencies.”
e1“This study aims to investigate optimization of the basal-top-dressing nitrogen ratio for improving winter wheat grain yield”
Claim · model-written summary
N3 had the highest water use efficiency.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- N3 treatmente0
- Outcome
- water use efficienciese0
- Direction
- higheste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the N3 treatment maintained the highest nitrogen and water use efficiencies.”
e1“This study aims to investigate optimization of the basal-top-dressing nitrogen ratio for improving winter wheat grain yield”
Claim · model-written summary
SI raised water use efficiency by 9.75% in 2016.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- SIe0
- Outcome
- water use efficiencye0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 9.75%e0
- Qualifier
- 2016e0
- Comparator
- UIe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“water use efficiency of SI compared with UI increased by 9.75% in 2016 and 10.79% in 2017”
e1“This study aims to investigate optimization of the basal-top-dressing nitrogen ratio for improving winter wheat grain yield”
Claim · model-written summary
SI raised water use efficiency by 10.79% in 2017.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- SIe0
- Outcome
- water use efficiencye0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 10.79%e0
- Qualifier
- 2017e0
- Comparator
- UIe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“water use efficiency of SI compared with UI increased by 9.75% in 2016 and 10.79% in 2017”
e1“This study aims to investigate optimization of the basal-top-dressing nitrogen ratio for improving winter wheat grain yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Greater flag leaf photosynthetic capacity was proposed to explain yield advantage.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Outcome
- yield advantagee0
- Qualifier
- greater flag leaf photosynthetic capacitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The yield advantage obtained with the optimized split-nitrogen fertilizer application may be attributable to greater flag leaf photosynthetic capacity and grain-filling capacity.”
e1“This study aims to investigate optimization of the basal-top-dressing nitrogen ratio for improving winter wheat grain yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Greater grain filling was proposed to explain yield advantage.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Outcome
- yield advantagee0
- Qualifier
- grain-filling capacitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The yield advantage obtained with the optimized split-nitrogen fertilizer application may be attributable to greater flag leaf photosynthetic capacity and grain-filling capacity.”
e1“This study aims to investigate optimization of the basal-top-dressing nitrogen ratio for improving winter wheat grain yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors recommend SI with a 5:5 nitrogen split.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- SI along with a 5:5 basal-top-dressing nitrogen ratioe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“SI along with a 5:5 basal-top-dressing nitrogen ratio should be considered as an optimal fertigation strategy for both high grain yield and efficiency in winter wheat.”
The same questions in other papers
irrigation · physiology: water · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
252 papers in the same direction as this paper · 49 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- positive
- no effect
299 papers more in this group
See all 303 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.