Abstract
Two field experiments were carried out at the Farm of Agric. Res. and Exp. Center of Fac. of Agric. Moshtohor, Benha University, Toukh Directorate, Qalyubia Governorate, Egypt, during two successive summer growing seasons of 2015 and 2016 to study the effect of three water stress, i.e. normal irrigation, skipping the second irrigation (skipping one irrigation during vegetative growth stage) and skipping the fifth irrigation (skipping one irrigation during kernels filling stage) and four nitrogen fertilizer rates, i.e. 0, 50, 100 and 150kg N/fed as well as three potassium fertilizer rates, i.e. 0, 24 and 48 kg K2O/fed on growth, yield and its components as well as some kernels chemical properties of maize (white single cross hybrid 2031 for Misr hytech Seed Int.,). Results of combined analysis of the two seasons showed that kernels filling stage was the most sensitive to water deficit stress and preventing irrigation at this stage (skipping the 5th irrigation) caused marked decrease in mean values of allmost maize yield and its components, while, full irrigation treatment appeared to be the best irrigation treatment sine it enhanced all maize traits under study. Planting maize under water stress by skipping the 2nd irrigation and skipping the 5th irrigation significantly decreased mean values of grain yield/fed (kg) by 25.49 and 41.04 % respectively, compared to mean values of grain yield/fed (kg) of maize under normal irrigation. Planting maize when received 150 kg N/fed caused significant increase in all mean values of maize traits under study such as plant height (cm), ear height (cm), No. of ears/fed, ear diameter (cm), ear length (cm), No. of rows/ear, No. of kernels/row, No. of kernels/ear, ear weight (g), kernels weight/ear (g), kernels shelling (%), 100-kernel weight (g), ear yield/fed (kg), grain yield/fed (kg), stover yield/fed (kg), biological yield/fed (kg), harvest index (%), kernels nitrogen content (%), kernels crude protein (%), nitrogen uptake/fed (kg) and protein yield/fed (kg) Meanwhile, the highest mean values of potassium use efficiency (KUE) which were recorded from growing maize when received 100 kg N/fed. Growing maize under the higher potassium rate (48 kg K2O/fed) was produced the maximum mean values of plant height (cm), No. of ears/fed, ear length (cm), No. of kernels/row, No. of kernels/ear, ear weight (g), kernels weight/ear (g), 100-kernel weight (g), kernels shelling (%), ear yield/fed (kg), grain yield/fed (kg), stover yield/fed (kg), biological yield/fed (kg), harvest index (%), kernels potassium content (%), nitrogen uptake/fed (kg) and protein yield/fed (kg) while, the highest mean values of KUE which were recorded from growing maize when received 24 kg K2O/fed. The first order interactions between (normal irrigation X 150 Kg N/fed), (normal irrigation X 48 kg K2O/fed) and (150 Kg N/fed X 48 kg K2O/fed) as well as the second order interaction between normal irrigation X 150 Kg N/fed X 48 kg K2O/fed) were significantly recorded the greatest mean values of maize yield and its components as compared with the others interactions. It could be summarized that grown maize under full irrigation and fertilization by 150 Kg N + 48 kg K2O/fed in order to maximizing its productivity.
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Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
Skipping irrigation at kernel filling caused marked decreases in most maize yield traits.
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“preventing irrigation at this stage (skipping the 5th irrigation) caused marked decrease in mean values of allmost maize yield and its components”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Normal irrigation enhanced the measured maize traits.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“full irrigation treatment appeared to be the best irrigation treatment sine it enhanced all maize traits under study.”
Claim · model-written summary
Skipping the second irrigation decreased grain yield by 25.49%.
- Treatment
- skipping the 2nd irrigatione0
- Outcome
- grain yield/fed (kg)e0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 25.49e0
- Comparator
- normal irrigatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“skipping the 2nd irrigation and skipping the 5th irrigation significantly decreased mean values of grain yield/fed (kg) by 25.49 and 41.04 % respectively, compared to mean values of grain yield/fed (kg) of maize under normal irrigation.”
Claim · model-written summary
Skipping the fifth irrigation decreased grain yield by 41.04%.
- Treatment
- skipping the 5th irrigatione0
- Outcome
- grain yield/fed (kg)e0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 41.04 %e0
- Comparator
- normal irrigatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“skipping the 2nd irrigation and skipping the 5th irrigation significantly decreased mean values of grain yield/fed (kg) by 25.49 and 41.04 % respectively, compared to mean values of grain yield/fed (kg) of maize under normal irrigation.”
Claim · model-written summary
150 kg N/fed significantly increased maize growth and yield components.
- Treatment
- 150 kg N/fede0
- Outcome
- plant height (cm), ear height (cm), No. of ears/fede0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Planting maize when received 150 kg N/fed caused significant increase in all mean values of maize traits under study such as plant height (cm), ear height (cm), No. of ears/fed, ear diameter (cm), ear length (cm), No. of rows/ear, No. of kernels/row, No. of kernels/ear, ear weight (g), kernels weight/ear (g), kernels shelling (%), 100-kernel weight (g), ear yield/fed (kg), grain yield/fed (kg), stover yield/fed (kg), biological yield/fed (kg), harvest index (%), kernels nitrogen content (%), kernels crude protein (%), nitrogen uptake/fed (kg) and protein yield/fed (kg)”
Claim · model-written summary
150 kg N/fed significantly increased ear and kernel yield traits.
- Treatment
- 150 kg N/fede0
- Outcome
- ear yield/fed (kg), grain yield/fed (kg), stover yield/fed (kg)e0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Planting maize when received 150 kg N/fed caused significant increase in all mean values of maize traits under study such as plant height (cm), ear height (cm), No. of ears/fed, ear diameter (cm), ear length (cm), No. of rows/ear, No. of kernels/row, No. of kernels/ear, ear weight (g), kernels weight/ear (g), kernels shelling (%), 100-kernel weight (g), ear yield/fed (kg), grain yield/fed (kg), stover yield/fed (kg), biological yield/fed (kg), harvest index (%), kernels nitrogen content (%), kernels crude protein (%), nitrogen uptake/fed (kg) and protein yield/fed (kg)”
Claim · model-written summary
150 kg N/fed significantly increased kernel nitrogen, crude protein and nitrogen uptake.
- Treatment
- 150 kg N/fede0
- Outcome
- kernels nitrogen content (%), kernels crude protein (%), nitrogen uptake/fed (kg)e0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Planting maize when received 150 kg N/fed caused significant increase in all mean values of maize traits under study such as plant height (cm), ear height (cm), No. of ears/fed, ear diameter (cm), ear length (cm), No. of rows/ear, No. of kernels/row, No. of kernels/ear, ear weight (g), kernels weight/ear (g), kernels shelling (%), 100-kernel weight (g), ear yield/fed (kg), grain yield/fed (kg), stover yield/fed (kg), biological yield/fed (kg), harvest index (%), kernels nitrogen content (%), kernels crude protein (%), nitrogen uptake/fed (kg) and protein yield/fed (kg)”
Claim · model-written summary
100 kg N/fed produced the highest potassium use efficiency.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the highest mean values of potassium use efficiency (KUE) which were recorded from growing maize when received 100 kg N/fed.”
Claim · model-written summary
48 kg K2O/fed maximized maize growth and yield traits.
- Treatment
- 48 kg K2O/fede0
- Outcome
- plant height (cm), No. of ears/fed, ear length (cm)e0
- Direction
- maximume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Growing maize under the higher potassium rate (48 kg K2O/fed) was produced the maximum mean values of plant height (cm), No. of ears/fed, ear length (cm), No. of kernels/row, No. of kernels/ear, ear weight (g), kernels weight/ear (g), 100-kernel weight (g), kernels shelling (%), ear yield/fed (kg), grain yield/fed (kg), stover yield/fed (kg), biological yield/fed (kg), harvest index (%), kernels potassium content (%), nitrogen uptake/fed (kg) and protein yield/fed (kg)”
Claim · model-written summary
48 kg K2O/fed maximized maize yield components.
- Treatment
- 48 kg K2O/fede0
- Outcome
- ear yield/fed (kg), grain yield/fed (kg), stover yield/fed (kg)e0
- Direction
- maximume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Growing maize under the higher potassium rate (48 kg K2O/fed) was produced the maximum mean values of plant height (cm), No. of ears/fed, ear length (cm), No. of kernels/row, No. of kernels/ear, ear weight (g), kernels weight/ear (g), 100-kernel weight (g), kernels shelling (%), ear yield/fed (kg), grain yield/fed (kg), stover yield/fed (kg), biological yield/fed (kg), harvest index (%), kernels potassium content (%), nitrogen uptake/fed (kg) and protein yield/fed (kg)”
Claim · model-written summary
48 kg K2O/fed maximized kernel potassium content and nitrogen uptake.
- Treatment
- 48 kg K2O/fede0
- Outcome
- kernels potassium content (%), nitrogen uptake/fed (kg)e0
- Direction
- maximume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Growing maize under the higher potassium rate (48 kg K2O/fed) was produced the maximum mean values of plant height (cm), No. of ears/fed, ear length (cm), No. of kernels/row, No. of kernels/ear, ear weight (g), kernels weight/ear (g), 100-kernel weight (g), kernels shelling (%), ear yield/fed (kg), grain yield/fed (kg), stover yield/fed (kg), biological yield/fed (kg), harvest index (%), kernels potassium content (%), nitrogen uptake/fed (kg) and protein yield/fed (kg)”
Claim · model-written summary
24 kg K2O/fed gave the highest potassium use efficiency.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the highest mean values of KUE which were recorded from growing maize when received 24 kg K2O/fed.”
Claim · model-written summary
Normal irrigation with 150 Kg N/fed gave the greatest mean maize yield and components among interactions.
- Treatment
- normal irrigation X 150 Kg N/fede0
- Outcome
- maize yield and its componentse0
- Direction
- greateste0
- Comparator
- the others interactionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The first order interactions between (normal irrigation X 150 Kg N/fed), (normal irrigation X 48 kg K2O/fed) and (150 Kg N/fed X 48 kg K2O/fed) as well as the second order interaction between normal irrigation X 150 Kg N/fed X 48 kg K2O/fed) were significantly recorded the greatest mean values of maize yield and its components as compared with the others interactions.”
Claim · model-written summary
Normal irrigation with 48 kg K2O/fed gave the greatest mean maize yield and components among interactions.
- Treatment
- normal irrigation X 48 kg K2O/fede0
- Outcome
- maize yield and its componentse0
- Direction
- greateste0
- Comparator
- the others interactionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The first order interactions between (normal irrigation X 150 Kg N/fed), (normal irrigation X 48 kg K2O/fed) and (150 Kg N/fed X 48 kg K2O/fed) as well as the second order interaction between normal irrigation X 150 Kg N/fed X 48 kg K2O/fed) were significantly recorded the greatest mean values of maize yield and its components as compared with the others interactions.”
Claim · model-written summary
150 Kg N/fed with 48 kg K2O/fed gave the greatest mean maize yield and components among interactions.
- Treatment
- 150 Kg N/fed X 48 kg K2O/fede0
- Outcome
- maize yield and its componentse0
- Direction
- greateste0
- Comparator
- the others interactionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The first order interactions between (normal irrigation X 150 Kg N/fed), (normal irrigation X 48 kg K2O/fed) and (150 Kg N/fed X 48 kg K2O/fed) as well as the second order interaction between normal irrigation X 150 Kg N/fed X 48 kg K2O/fed) were significantly recorded the greatest mean values of maize yield and its components as compared with the others interactions.”
Claim · model-written summary
The three-factor combination gave the greatest mean maize yield and components among interactions.
- Treatment
- normal irrigation X 150 Kg N/fed X 48 kg K2O/fede0
- Outcome
- maize yield and its componentse0
- Direction
- greateste0
- Comparator
- the others interactionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The first order interactions between (normal irrigation X 150 Kg N/fed), (normal irrigation X 48 kg K2O/fed) and (150 Kg N/fed X 48 kg K2O/fed) as well as the second order interaction between normal irrigation X 150 Kg N/fed X 48 kg K2O/fed) were significantly recorded the greatest mean values of maize yield and its components as compared with the others interactions.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend full irrigation and 150 Kg N plus 48 kg K2O/fed to maximize maize productivity.
- Treatment
- full irrigation and fertilization by 150 Kg N + 48 kg K2O/fede0
- Outcome
- maximizing its productivitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grown maize under full irrigation and fertilization by 150 Kg N + 48 kg K2O/fed in order to maximizing its productivity.”
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See all 1,016 papers →8 of 9 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.