Abstract
Studies on the effects of biosolids (BS) amended substrate on food quality and safety in tomato production have not been adequately addressed. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence composted BS and NPK fertilizer in forest soil on post-harvest quality and safety of potted greenhouse tomatoes. Potted tomatoes ‘Maxim F1’were grown in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Inorganic fertilizer NPK fertilizer was applied at 0, 100 and 200 kg ha-1; BS was applied at 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% v/v, in all possible combinations. Tomato were harvested and analyzed for ascorbic acid, chlorophylls, carotenoids and total phenolic compounds; weight loss, fruit firmness, titratable acidity and total soluble solids, as well as heavy metals and microbial contaminants. Results revealed that tomato fruit at 10% BS in combination with NPK fertilizer at 100 kg ha-1had highest β-carotene (6.1 mg 100 g-1), lycopene (26.1 mg 100 g-1), ascorbic acids (128.0 mg 100 g-1), total phenolic acids (13.2 mg 100 g-1), total soluble solids (17%). However, the same rates produced tomato fruits with lower titratable acidity (2.2%) and had heavy metal residues within the permissible level, according to International EPA standards on biosolids utilization on food crops production. Similarly, no trace of targeted bacteria; Salmonella, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus was observed on the ready to eat tomato. This study reveals BS 10% with NPK fertilizer at 100 kg ha-1 substrate as a better option of plant nutrient source for quality and safe greenhouse tomato production.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by-nc. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato fruit at 10% biosolids with NPK fertilizer at 100 kg ha-1 had the highest beta-carotene content.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume1 - Material
- Maxim F1e6
- Treatment
- 10% BS in combination with NPK fertilizer at 100 kg ha-1e1
- Outcome
- β-carotenee1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Value
- 6.1 mg 100 g-1e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Results revealed that tomato fruit at 10% BS in combination with NPK fertilizer at 100 kg ha-1had highest β-carotene (6.1 mg 100 g-1), lycopene (26.1 mg 100 g-1), ascorbic acids (128.0 mg 100 g-1), total phenolic acids (13.2 mg 100 g-1), total soluble solids (17%)”
e6“Potted tomatoes ‘Maxim F1’were grown in a randomized complete block design with four replications”
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato fruit at 10% biosolids with NPK fertilizer at 100 kg ha-1 had the highest lycopene content.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Material
- Maxim F1e6
- Treatment
- 10% BS in combination with NPK fertilizer at 100 kg ha-1e1
- Outcome
- lycopenee1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Value
- 26.1 mg 100 g-1e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Results revealed that tomato fruit at 10% BS in combination with NPK fertilizer at 100 kg ha-1had highest β-carotene (6.1 mg 100 g-1), lycopene (26.1 mg 100 g-1), ascorbic acids (128.0 mg 100 g-1), total phenolic acids (13.2 mg 100 g-1), total soluble solids (17%)”
e6“Potted tomatoes ‘Maxim F1’were grown in a randomized complete block design with four replications”
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato fruit at 10% biosolids with NPK fertilizer at 100 kg ha-1 had the highest ascorbic acid content.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Material
- Maxim F1e6
- Treatment
- 10% BS in combination with NPK fertilizer at 100 kg ha-1e1
- Outcome
- ascorbic acidse1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Value
- 128.0 mg 100 g-1e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Results revealed that tomato fruit at 10% BS in combination with NPK fertilizer at 100 kg ha-1had highest β-carotene (6.1 mg 100 g-1), lycopene (26.1 mg 100 g-1), ascorbic acids (128.0 mg 100 g-1), total phenolic acids (13.2 mg 100 g-1), total soluble solids (17%)”
e6“Potted tomatoes ‘Maxim F1’were grown in a randomized complete block design with four replications”
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato fruit at 10% biosolids with NPK fertilizer at 100 kg ha-1 had the highest total phenolic acid content.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Material
- Maxim F1e6
- Treatment
- 10% BS in combination with NPK fertilizer at 100 kg ha-1e1
- Outcome
- total phenolic acidse1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Value
- 13.2 mg 100 g-1e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Results revealed that tomato fruit at 10% BS in combination with NPK fertilizer at 100 kg ha-1had highest β-carotene (6.1 mg 100 g-1), lycopene (26.1 mg 100 g-1), ascorbic acids (128.0 mg 100 g-1), total phenolic acids (13.2 mg 100 g-1), total soluble solids (17%)”
e6“Potted tomatoes ‘Maxim F1’were grown in a randomized complete block design with four replications”
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato fruit at 10% biosolids with NPK fertilizer at 100 kg ha-1 had the highest total soluble solids.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Material
- Maxim F1e6
- Treatment
- 10% BS in combination with NPK fertilizer at 100 kg ha-1e1
- Outcome
- total soluble solidse1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Value
- 17%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Results revealed that tomato fruit at 10% BS in combination with NPK fertilizer at 100 kg ha-1had highest β-carotene (6.1 mg 100 g-1), lycopene (26.1 mg 100 g-1), ascorbic acids (128.0 mg 100 g-1), total phenolic acids (13.2 mg 100 g-1), total soluble solids (17%)”
e6“Potted tomatoes ‘Maxim F1’were grown in a randomized complete block design with four replications”
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato fruit at 10% biosolids with NPK fertilizer at 100 kg ha-1 had lower titratable acidity.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume2
- Treatment
- 10% BS in combination with NPK fertilizer at 100 kg ha-1e1
- Outcome
- titratable aciditye2
- Direction
- lowere2
- Value
- 2.2%e2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Results revealed that tomato fruit at 10% BS in combination with NPK fertilizer at 100 kg ha-1had highest β-carotene (6.1 mg 100 g-1), lycopene (26.1 mg 100 g-1), ascorbic acids (128.0 mg 100 g-1), total phenolic acids (13.2 mg 100 g-1), total soluble solids (17%)”
e2“However, the same rates produced tomato fruits with lower titratable acidity (2.2%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato fruit grown with biosolids had heavy metal residues within the permissible level.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Outcome
- heavy metal residuese3
- Qualifier
- within the permissible levele3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Results revealed that tomato fruit at 10% BS in combination with NPK fertilizer at 100 kg ha-1had highest β-carotene (6.1 mg 100 g-1), lycopene (26.1 mg 100 g-1), ascorbic acids (128.0 mg 100 g-1), total phenolic acids (13.2 mg 100 g-1), total soluble solids (17%)”
e3“had heavy metal residues within the permissible level”
Claim · model-written summary
No trace of targeted bacteria was observed on the ready-to-eat tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume4
- Outcome
- no trace of targeted bacteriae4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“no trace of targeted bacteria; Salmonella, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus was observed on the ready to eat tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Biosolids at 10% with NPK fertilizer at 100 kg ha-1 is a better plant nutrient option for quality and safe greenhouse tomato production.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume5
- Treatment
- BS 10% with NPK fertilizer at 100 kg ha-1 substratee5
- Outcome
- quality and safe greenhouse tomato productione5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“This study reveals BS 10% with NPK fertilizer at 100 kg ha-1 substrate as a better option of plant nutrient source for quality and safe greenhouse tomato production”
The same questions in other papers
fertilization · molecular: metabolites · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
106 papers in the same direction as this paper · 19 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- no effect
- no effect
123 papers more in this group
See all 127 papers →fertilization · quality: sugar starch · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
128 papers in the same direction as this paper · 13 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- positive
- no effect
140 papers more in this group
See all 144 papers →fertilization · quality: phytochemicals · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
154 papers in the same direction as this paper · 14 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- positive
- negative
167 papers more in this group
See all 171 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.