Abstract
In this study, the effects of seed treatments with different stressors, such as cold plasma (CP), a vacuum and an electromagnetic field (EMF), on the in vitro germination of industrial hemp cv. Futura 75 were compared with the effects on germination in the field, plant growth, and the amount of major cannabinoids in the leaves and inflorescences of female plants. CP and EMF (but not vacuum) treatments improved in vitro seed germination, but had no impact on germination in the field. EMF treatment increased the weight of the above-ground part of male and female plants grown for 4 months by 65–70% and the number of female inflorescences by 70%. CP stimulated the growth of male plants (weight increased 1.4 times) but reduced the growth of female plants. Vacuum treatment did not induce changes in the growth of female and male plants. Vacuum and EMF treatments did not change the amount of cannabidiolic acid (CBDA), but CP decreased the CBDA content in hemp leaves by 41%. Vacuum treatment increased the amount of CBDA in female plant inflorescences by 26%. Thus, hemp seed treatment with EMF has a potential application for increasing the biomass of female plants. CP treatment can be used to increase male plant production while vacuum treatment can stimulate CBD production.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Cold plasma and EMF treatments improved in vitro seed germination of hemp.
- Taxon
- industrial hempe0
- Material
- cv. Futura 75e0
- Treatment
- CP and EMFe1
- Outcome
- in vitro seed germinatione1
- Direction
- improvede1
- Setting
- in vitroe1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“Hemp Seeds”
e0“on the in vitro germination of industrial hemp cv. Futura 75”
e1“CP and EMF (but not vacuum) treatments improved in vitro seed germination, but had no impact on germination in the field”
Claim · model-written summary
Cold plasma and EMF had no impact on hemp germination in the field.
- Taxon
- industrial hempe0
- Material
- cv. Futura 75e0
- Treatment
- CP and EMFe1
- Outcome
- germination in the fielde1
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede1
- Setting
- fielde1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“Hemp Seeds”
e0“on the in vitro germination of industrial hemp cv. Futura 75”
e1“CP and EMF (but not vacuum) treatments improved in vitro seed germination, but had no impact on germination in the field”
Claim · model-written summary
EMF treatment increased the weight of the above-ground part of hemp plants grown for 4 months by 65–70%.
- Taxon
- hemp
Cannabis sativa subsp. sativat0 - Organ / stage
- above-ground parte2
- Treatment
- EMF treatmente2
- Outcome
- weight of the above-ground parte2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Value
- 65–70%e2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Hemp Seeds”
e2“EMF treatment increased the weight of the above-ground part of male and female plants grown for 4 months by 65–70% and the number of female inflorescences by 70%”
Claim · model-written summary
EMF treatment increased the number of female inflorescences by 70%.
- Taxon
- hempCannabis sativa subsp. sativat0
- Treatment
- EMF treatmente2
- Outcome
- number of female inflorescencese2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Value
- 70%e2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Hemp Seeds”
e2“EMF treatment increased the weight of the above-ground part of male and female plants grown for 4 months by 65–70% and the number of female inflorescences by 70%”
Claim · model-written summary
Cold plasma increased the weight of male hemp plants by 1.4 times.
- Taxon
- hempCannabis sativa subsp. sativat0
- Material
- male plantse3
- Treatment
- CPe3
- Outcome
- weighte3
- Direction
- increasede3
- Value
- 1.4 timese3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Hemp Seeds”
e3“CP stimulated the growth of male plants (weight increased 1.4 times) but reduced the growth of female plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Cold plasma reduced the growth of female hemp plants.
- Taxon
- hempCannabis sativa subsp. sativat0
- Material
- female plantse3
- Treatment
- CPe3
- Outcome
- growth of female plantse3
- Direction
- reducede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Hemp Seeds”
e3“CP stimulated the growth of male plants (weight increased 1.4 times) but reduced the growth of female plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Vacuum treatment did not change the growth of female or male hemp plants.
- Taxon
- hempCannabis sativa subsp. sativat0
- Treatment
- Vacuum treatmente4
- Outcome
- growth of female and male plantse4
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Hemp Seeds”
e4“Vacuum treatment did not induce changes in the growth of female and male plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Cold plasma decreased the CBDA content in hemp leaves by 41%.
- Taxon
- hempCannabis sativa subsp. sativat0
- Organ / stage
- hemp leavese5
- Treatment
- CPe5
- Outcome
- CBDA content in hemp leavese5
- Direction
- decreasede5
- Value
- 41%e5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Hemp Seeds”
e5“Vacuum and EMF treatments did not change the amount of cannabidiolic acid (CBDA), but CP decreased the CBDA content in hemp leaves by 41%”
Claim · model-written summary
Vacuum and EMF treatments did not change the amount of cannabidiolic acid (CBDA).
- Taxon
- hempCannabis sativa subsp. sativat0
- Treatment
- Vacuum and EMFe5
- Outcome
- amount of cannabidiolic acid (CBDA)e5
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Hemp Seeds”
e5“Vacuum and EMF treatments did not change the amount of cannabidiolic acid (CBDA), but CP decreased the CBDA content in hemp leaves by 41%”
Claim · model-written summary
Vacuum treatment increased the CBDA amount in female hemp inflorescences by 26%.
- Taxon
- hempCannabis sativa subsp. sativat0
- Organ / stage
- female plant inflorescencese6
- Treatment
- Vacuum treatmente6
- Outcome
- amount of CBDA in female plant inflorescencese6
- Direction
- increasede6
- Value
- 26%e6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Hemp Seeds”
e6“Vacuum treatment increased the amount of CBDA in female plant inflorescences by 26%”
Claim · model-written summary
Hemp seed treatment with EMF has a potential application for increasing the biomass of female plants.
- Taxon
- hempCannabis sativa subsp. sativat0
- Treatment
- hemp seed treatment with EMFe7
- Outcome
- increasing the biomass of female plantse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Hemp Seeds”
e7“hemp seed treatment with EMF has a potential application for increasing the biomass of female plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Cold plasma treatment can be used to increase male hemp plant production.
- Taxon
- hempCannabis sativa subsp. sativat0
- Treatment
- CP treatmente1
- Outcome
- male plant productione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Hemp Seeds”
e1“CP treatment can be used to increase male plant production while vacuum treatment can stimulate CBD production”
Claim · model-written summary
Vacuum treatment can be used to stimulate CBD production in hemp.
- Taxon
- hempCannabis sativa subsp. sativat0
- Treatment
- vacuum treatmente1
- Outcome
- CBD productione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Hemp Seeds”
e1“CP treatment can be used to increase male plant production while vacuum treatment can stimulate CBD production”
The same questions in other papers
cold · growth · Cannabis sativaPositive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.