Abstract
BACKGROUND: Rose (Rosa chinensis) is a traditional famous flower with valuable ornamental characteristics. However, drought stress restricts its growth and development, leading to an abnormal phenotype. One of the main transcription factor (TF) protein groups in the plant kingdom are the APETALA2/ethylene-responsive factor (AP2/ERF) proteins and are potentially involved in the growth and stress responses of various plants. RESULTS: Our investigation mainly focused on exploring the genome of rose and thereby we discovered 135 apparent AP2/ERF TFs. Phylogenic analyses revealed that RcAP2/ERF genes are categorized into DREB, Soloist, AP2, and ERF subfamilies, and are further classified these into 17 groups, with the same as Malus domestica and Arabidopsis thaliana. The analysis of the gene structure revealed that the introns ranged from 0 to 9 in number. Pattern examination demonstrated that the RcAP2/ERF predominantly consists of typical AP2 domains, of which the 2nd motif is the most ubiquitous. Distributions of cis-acting elements indicated that members of the AP2/ERF family are frequently involved in growth and development, phytohormone and stress response in rose species. Also, the distribution mapping of the rose chromosomes indicated that AP2/ERF class genes are dispersed among all seven chromosomes. Additionally, we isolated a novel DREB A2 subgroup gene and named it RcDREB2B. Subsequently, the RcDREB2B transcript accumulation was repressed under the mild and severe drought stress in the root samples of rose. RcDREB2B was targeted to the nucleus and exhibited transactivation in yeast cells. The overexpression of RcDREB2B was found to promote sensitivity to a higher salt concentration, ABA, and PEG at the germination and post-germination stages. Twelve putative osmotic and ABA-related genes were impaired in RcDREB2B-overexpressing plants. CONCLUSIONS: The results provide comprehensive information regarding the gene structure, phylogenic, and distribution of the rose AP2/ERF family and bring insight into the complex transcriptional gene regulation of RcAP2/ERF. Findings in this study would also contribute to further understanding of the RcDREB2B gene in rose.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
The rose genome contained 135 apparent AP2/ERF transcription factors.
- Taxon
- Rosa chinensis
Rosa chinensist0 - Gene
- AP2/ERFe0
- Outcome
- AP2/ERF TFse0
- Value
- 135e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“we discovered 135 apparent AP2/ERF TFs”
t0“Rosa chinensis”
Claim · model-written summary
RcAP2/ERF genes were grouped into four subfamilies and 17 groups.
- Taxon
- Rosa chinensisRosa chinensist0
- Gene
- RcAP2/ERFe0
- Outcome
- DREB, Soloist, AP2, and ERF subfamiliese0
- Value
- 17 groupse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“RcAP2/ERF genes are categorized into DREB, Soloist, AP2, and ERF subfamilies, and are further classified these into 17 groups”
t0“Rosa chinensis”
Claim · model-written summary
Intron number ranged from zero to nine.
- Taxon
- Rosa chinensisRosa chinensist0
- Outcome
- intronse0
- Value
- 0 to 9e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the introns ranged from 0 to 9 in number”
t0“Rosa chinensis”
Claim · model-written summary
Typical AP2 domains predominated and motif 2 was most common.
- Taxon
- Rosa chinensisRosa chinensist0
- Gene
- RcAP2/ERFe0
- Outcome
- typical AP2 domainse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the RcAP2/ERF predominantly consists of typical AP2 domains, of which the 2nd motif is the most ubiquitous”
t0“Rosa chinensis”
Claim · model-written summary
AP2/ERF genes were dispersed across all seven rose chromosomes.
- Taxon
- Rosa chinensisRosa chinensist0
- Gene
- AP2/ERFe0
- Outcome
- dispersed among all seven chromosomese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“AP2/ERF class genes are dispersed among all seven chromosomes”
t0“Rosa chinensis”
Claim · model-written summary
A new DREB A2 gene was isolated and named RcDREB2B.
- Taxon
- Rosa chinensisRosa chinensist0
- Gene
- RcDREB2Be0
- Outcome
- novel DREB A2 subgroup genee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“we isolated a novel DREB A2 subgroup gene and named it RcDREB2B”
t0“Rosa chinensis”
Claim · model-written summary
Mild and severe drought repressed RcDREB2B transcripts in rose roots.
- Taxon
- rosee0
- Organ / stage
- roote0
- Treatment
- mild and severe drought stresse0
- Gene
- RcDREB2Be0
- Outcome
- RcDREB2B transcript accumulatione0
- Direction
- repressede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“RcDREB2B transcript accumulation was repressed under the mild and severe drought stress in the root samples of rose”
Claim · model-written summary
RcDREB2B localized to the nucleus and showed transactivation in yeast.
- Taxon
- Rosa chinensisRosa chinensist0
- Gene
- RcDREB2Be0
- Outcome
- targeted to the nucleus and exhibited transactivatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“RcDREB2B was targeted to the nucleus and exhibited transactivation in yeast cells”
t0“Rosa chinensis”
Claim · model-written summary
RcDREB2B overexpression promoted sensitivity to salt, ABA and PEG during germination and after germination.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis
Arabidopsist0 - Organ / stage
- germination and post-germination stagese0
- Treatment
- overexpression of RcDREB2Be0
- Gene
- RcDREB2Be0
- Outcome
- sensitivity to a higher salt concentration, ABA, and PEGe0
- Direction
- promotee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The overexpression of RcDREB2B was found to promote sensitivity to a higher salt concentration, ABA, and PEG at the germination and post-germination stages”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
Twelve putative osmotic and ABA-related genes were impaired in RcDREB2B overexpressors.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Gene
- osmotic and ABA-related genese0
- Outcome
- impairede0
- Value
- Twelvee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Twelve putative osmotic and ABA-related genes were impaired in RcDREB2B-overexpressing plants”
t0“Arabidopsis”
The same questions in other papers
drought · molecular: expression · RosaPositive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
- no effect
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.