Abstract
BACKGROUND: Crops are exposed to recurrent and acute drought stress episodes during their vegetative and reproductive cycles, and these episodes are increasingly frequent due to ongoing climate change. Sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum), alias bell pepper, is one of the most widely cultivated vegetables and is grown in open fields worldwide. Here we assessed the effect of acute water stress, applied to a breeding line of sweet pepper at three stages of plant development: five true-leaves (Stage 1), production of the third flower (Stage 2) and setting of the first fruit (Stage 3), on the production and biochemical composition of its ripe fruits. RESULTS: The water stress at Stages 1 and 2 induced a delay in fruit ripening, while at Stage 3 caused a drop in production. The biochemical composition of ripe fruits was assessed by quantifying their content in vitamin C, sugars, organic acids, flavonoids as well as 190 volatile organic compounds, mainly belonging to the chemical classes of hydrocarbons, alcohols, ketones, esters, terpenes, aldehydes and ethers. Our results highlight that, at different stages of plant development, acute water stresses modulate differently the accumulation of bioactive compounds in fruits, which play a key role in setting the redox-status and osmotic adjustment of the plant. This was also the case for volatile compounds since, within each chemical class, different compounds varied their content in ripe fruits. CONCLUSIONS: On the whole, our results demonstrate that water stresses potentially affect the organoleptic and sensory qualities of bell pepper fruits depending on when they occur. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Water stress at five true-leaves (Stage 1) delayed fruit ripening.
- Taxon
- sweet pepper
Capsicum annuume1 - Material
- breeding linee1
- Organ / stage
- five true-leaves (Stage 1)e1
- Treatment
- acute water stresse1
- Outcome
- fruit ripeninge2
- Direction
- delaye2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Here we assessed the effect of acute water stress, applied to a breeding line of sweet pepper at three stages of plant development: five true-leaves (Stage 1), production of the third flower (Stage 2) and setting of the first fruit (Stage 3)”
e2“The water stress at Stages 1 and 2 induced a delay in fruit ripening”
Claim · model-written summary
Water stress at production of the third flower (Stage 2) delayed fruit ripening.
- Taxon
- sweet pepperCapsicum annuume1
- Material
- breeding linee1
- Organ / stage
- production of the third flower (Stage 2)e1
- Treatment
- acute water stresse1
- Outcome
- fruit ripeninge2
- Direction
- delaye2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Here we assessed the effect of acute water stress, applied to a breeding line of sweet pepper at three stages of plant development: five true-leaves (Stage 1), production of the third flower (Stage 2) and setting of the first fruit (Stage 3)”
e2“The water stress at Stages 1 and 2 induced a delay in fruit ripening”
Claim · model-written summary
Water stress at setting of the first fruit (Stage 3) reduced production.
- Taxon
- sweet pepperCapsicum annuume1
- Material
- breeding linee1
- Organ / stage
- setting of the first fruit (Stage 3)e1
- Treatment
- acute water stresse1
- Outcome
- productione3
- Direction
- drope3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Here we assessed the effect of acute water stress, applied to a breeding line of sweet pepper at three stages of plant development: five true-leaves (Stage 1), production of the third flower (Stage 2) and setting of the first fruit (Stage 3)”
e3“while at Stage 3 caused a drop in production”
Claim · model-written summary
At different developmental stages, acute water stress modulated the accumulation of bioactive compounds in fruits differently.
- Taxon
- sweet pepperCapsicum annuume1
- Treatment
- acute water stressese4
- Outcome
- accumulation of bioactive compoundse4
- Direction
- modulate differentlye4
- Qualifier
- at different stages of plant developmente4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“at different stages of plant development, acute water stresses modulate differently the accumulation of bioactive compounds in fruits”
e1“Here we assessed the effect of acute water stress, applied to a breeding line of sweet pepper at three stages of plant development: five true-leaves (Stage 1), production of the third flower (Stage 2) and setting of the first fruit (Stage 3)”
Claim · model-written summary
Acute water stress changed the content of different volatile compounds within each chemical class in ripe fruits.
- Taxon
- sweet pepperCapsicum annuume1
- Treatment
- acute water stressese4
- Outcome
- contente5
- Direction
- variede5
- Qualifier
- within each chemical classe5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“within each chemical class, different compounds varied their content in ripe fruits”
e4“at different stages of plant development, acute water stresses modulate differently the accumulation of bioactive compounds in fruits”
e1“Here we assessed the effect of acute water stress, applied to a breeding line of sweet pepper at three stages of plant development: five true-leaves (Stage 1), production of the third flower (Stage 2) and setting of the first fruit (Stage 3)”
Claim · model-written summary
Water stresses may potentially affect the organoleptic and sensory qualities of bell pepper fruits, depending on when they occur.
Verbatim
e6“water stresses potentially affect the organoleptic and sensory qualities of bell pepper fruits depending on when they occur”
The same questions in other papers
drought · yield · Capsicum annuum (sweet pepper)Results differ
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- positive
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2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.