Abstract
AbstractBackground & Objective: The pear is one of the most important fruit trees in temperate regions and is salt-sensitive trees. Studies have shown that the use of Piriformospora indica as an endophytic fungus reduces the adverse effects of salinity stress on plants and improves morphophysiological traits. Materials & Methods: In the present study, the experiment was performed as a factorial completely randomized design with 5 replications on the pyrus rootstock CV Pyrodvarf in pot culture experiment. The first factor includes two levels of P. indica fungus (inoculation and non-inoculation) and the second factor is four salinity levels of soil (1.7, 3, 4.5 and 6 dS.m-1) using sodium chloride. After inoculation with the fungus, the salinity levels were applied to the plants. Results: The results showed that the interaction effect of salinity × fungi on morphophysiological characteristics, total chlorophyll content (P <0.05), branch diameter growth, electrolyte leakage, proline, soluble sugars, peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase enzymes and root colonization percentage (P <0.01) were significant. At the highest salinity levels (6 dS/m), fungal inoculation caused an increase in surface-to-root dry weight ratio (38.81%), branch diameter growth (31.14%), total chlorophyll (27.72%), peroxidase (100%), polyphenol oxidase (62.5%) and root colonization percentage (100%) and decrease in electrolyte leakage rate (19.34%), proline (10.34%) and soluble sugars (8.77%) ) compared to non-inoculated control plants.Conclusion: In general, the results of this study showed that the coexistence of P. indica can modulate the destructive effects of salinity on this pear cultivar.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by-sa. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity and fungal inoculation interacted significantly for chlorophyll content.
PyrusNot reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the interaction effect of salinity × fungi on morphophysiological characteristics, total chlorophyll content (P <0.05)”
t0“Pyrus”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity and fungal inoculation interacted significantly for branch growth, electrolyte leakage, proline, sugars, enzyme activity and colonization.
- Treatment
- fungie0
- Outcome
- branch diameter growth, electrolyte leakage, proline, soluble sugars, peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase enzymes and root colonization percentagee0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the interaction effect of salinity × fungi on morphophysiological characteristics, total chlorophyll content (P <0.05), branch diameter growth, electrolyte leakage, proline, soluble sugars, peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase enzymes and root colonization percentage (P <0.01) were significant”
t0“Pyrus Rootstock cv. Pyrodvarf under Salinity Stress Conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
At 6 dS/m, fungal inoculation increased surface-to-root dry weight ratio by 38.81% versus uninoculated controls.
- Treatment
- fungal inoculatione0
- Interactor
- Piriformospora indicaSerendipita indicat0symbiont
- Outcome
- surface-to-root dry weight ratioe0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 38.81%e0
- Qualifier
- 6 dS/me0
- Comparator
- non-inoculated control plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At the highest salinity levels (6 dS/m), fungal inoculation caused an increase in surface-to-root dry weight ratio (38.81%), branch diameter growth (31.14%), total chlorophyll (27.72%), peroxidase (100%), polyphenol oxidase (62.5%) and root colonization percentage (100%) and decrease in electrolyte leakage rate (19.34%), proline (10.34%) and soluble sugars (8.77%) ) compared to non-inoculated control plants”
t0“Piriformospora indica on Morphophysiological Traits of Pyrus Rootstock cv. Pyrodvarf”
Claim · model-written summary
At 6 dS/m, fungal inoculation increased branch diameter growth by 31.14% versus uninoculated controls.
- Treatment
- fungal inoculatione0
- Interactor
- Piriformospora indicaSerendipita indicat0symbiont
- Outcome
- branch diameter growthe0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 31.14%e0
- Qualifier
- 6 dS/me0
- Comparator
- non-inoculated control plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At the highest salinity levels (6 dS/m), fungal inoculation caused an increase in surface-to-root dry weight ratio (38.81%), branch diameter growth (31.14%), total chlorophyll (27.72%), peroxidase (100%), polyphenol oxidase (62.5%) and root colonization percentage (100%) and decrease in electrolyte leakage rate (19.34%), proline (10.34%) and soluble sugars (8.77%) ) compared to non-inoculated control plants”
t0“Piriformospora indica on Morphophysiological Traits of Pyrus Rootstock cv. Pyrodvarf”
Claim · model-written summary
At 6 dS/m, fungal inoculation increased total chlorophyll by 27.72% versus uninoculated controls.
- Treatment
- fungal inoculatione0
- Interactor
- Piriformospora indicaSerendipita indicat0symbiont
- Outcome
- total chlorophylle0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 27.72%e0
- Qualifier
- 6 dS/me0
- Comparator
- non-inoculated control plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At the highest salinity levels (6 dS/m), fungal inoculation caused an increase in surface-to-root dry weight ratio (38.81%), branch diameter growth (31.14%), total chlorophyll (27.72%), peroxidase (100%), polyphenol oxidase (62.5%) and root colonization percentage (100%) and decrease in electrolyte leakage rate (19.34%), proline (10.34%) and soluble sugars (8.77%) ) compared to non-inoculated control plants”
t0“Piriformospora indica on Morphophysiological Traits of Pyrus Rootstock cv. Pyrodvarf”
Claim · model-written summary
At 6 dS/m, fungal inoculation increased peroxidase by 100% versus uninoculated controls.
- Treatment
- fungal inoculatione0
- Interactor
- Piriformospora indicaSerendipita indicat0symbiont
- Outcome
- peroxidasee0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 100%e0
- Qualifier
- 6 dS/me0
- Comparator
- non-inoculated control plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At the highest salinity levels (6 dS/m), fungal inoculation caused an increase in surface-to-root dry weight ratio (38.81%), branch diameter growth (31.14%), total chlorophyll (27.72%), peroxidase (100%), polyphenol oxidase (62.5%) and root colonization percentage (100%) and decrease in electrolyte leakage rate (19.34%), proline (10.34%) and soluble sugars (8.77%) ) compared to non-inoculated control plants”
t0“Piriformospora indica on Morphophysiological Traits of Pyrus Rootstock cv. Pyrodvarf”
Claim · model-written summary
At 6 dS/m, fungal inoculation increased polyphenol oxidase by 62.5% versus uninoculated controls.
- Treatment
- fungal inoculatione0
- Interactor
- Piriformospora indicaSerendipita indicat0symbiont
- Outcome
- polyphenol oxidasee0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 62.5%e0
- Qualifier
- 6 dS/me0
- Comparator
- non-inoculated control plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At the highest salinity levels (6 dS/m), fungal inoculation caused an increase in surface-to-root dry weight ratio (38.81%), branch diameter growth (31.14%), total chlorophyll (27.72%), peroxidase (100%), polyphenol oxidase (62.5%) and root colonization percentage (100%) and decrease in electrolyte leakage rate (19.34%), proline (10.34%) and soluble sugars (8.77%) ) compared to non-inoculated control plants”
t0“Piriformospora indica on Morphophysiological Traits of Pyrus Rootstock cv. Pyrodvarf”
Claim · model-written summary
At 6 dS/m, fungal inoculation increased root colonization percentage by 100% versus uninoculated controls.
- Treatment
- fungal inoculatione0
- Interactor
- Piriformospora indicaSerendipita indicat0symbiont
- Outcome
- root colonization percentagee0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 100%e0
- Qualifier
- 6 dS/me0
- Comparator
- non-inoculated control plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At the highest salinity levels (6 dS/m), fungal inoculation caused an increase in surface-to-root dry weight ratio (38.81%), branch diameter growth (31.14%), total chlorophyll (27.72%), peroxidase (100%), polyphenol oxidase (62.5%) and root colonization percentage (100%) and decrease in electrolyte leakage rate (19.34%), proline (10.34%) and soluble sugars (8.77%) ) compared to non-inoculated control plants”
t0“Piriformospora indica on Morphophysiological Traits of Pyrus Rootstock cv. Pyrodvarf”
Claim · model-written summary
At 6 dS/m, fungal inoculation decreased electrolyte leakage rate by 19.34% versus uninoculated controls.
- Treatment
- fungal inoculatione0
- Interactor
- Piriformospora indicaSerendipita indicat0symbiont
- Outcome
- electrolyte leakage ratee0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Value
- 19.34%e0
- Qualifier
- 6 dS/me0
- Comparator
- non-inoculated control plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At the highest salinity levels (6 dS/m), fungal inoculation caused an increase in surface-to-root dry weight ratio (38.81%), branch diameter growth (31.14%), total chlorophyll (27.72%), peroxidase (100%), polyphenol oxidase (62.5%) and root colonization percentage (100%) and decrease in electrolyte leakage rate (19.34%), proline (10.34%) and soluble sugars (8.77%) ) compared to non-inoculated control plants”
t0“Piriformospora indica on Morphophysiological Traits of Pyrus Rootstock cv. Pyrodvarf”
Claim · model-written summary
At 6 dS/m, fungal inoculation decreased proline by 10.34% versus uninoculated controls.
- Treatment
- fungal inoculatione0
- Interactor
- Piriformospora indicaSerendipita indicat0symbiont
- Outcome
- prolinee0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Value
- 10.34%e0
- Qualifier
- 6 dS/me0
- Comparator
- non-inoculated control plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At the highest salinity levels (6 dS/m), fungal inoculation caused an increase in surface-to-root dry weight ratio (38.81%), branch diameter growth (31.14%), total chlorophyll (27.72%), peroxidase (100%), polyphenol oxidase (62.5%) and root colonization percentage (100%) and decrease in electrolyte leakage rate (19.34%), proline (10.34%) and soluble sugars (8.77%) ) compared to non-inoculated control plants”
t0“Piriformospora indica on Morphophysiological Traits of Pyrus Rootstock cv. Pyrodvarf”
Claim · model-written summary
At 6 dS/m, fungal inoculation decreased soluble sugars by 8.77% versus uninoculated controls.
- Treatment
- fungal inoculatione0
- Interactor
- Piriformospora indicaSerendipita indicat0symbiont
- Outcome
- soluble sugarse0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Value
- 8.77%e0
- Qualifier
- 6 dS/me0
- Comparator
- non-inoculated control plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At the highest salinity levels (6 dS/m), fungal inoculation caused an increase in surface-to-root dry weight ratio (38.81%), branch diameter growth (31.14%), total chlorophyll (27.72%), peroxidase (100%), polyphenol oxidase (62.5%) and root colonization percentage (100%) and decrease in electrolyte leakage rate (19.34%), proline (10.34%) and soluble sugars (8.77%) ) compared to non-inoculated control plants”
t0“Piriformospora indica on Morphophysiological Traits of Pyrus Rootstock cv. Pyrodvarf”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors concluded that P. indica moderated salinity damage in pear.
- Taxon
- pear
_Poirier_Fleurs_et_feuilles.jpg?width=60)
Pyrus communise0 - Interactor
- P. indicae0symbiont
- Outcome
- destructive effects of salinitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Poirier_Fleurs_et_feuilles.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“the coexistence of P. indica can modulate the destructive effects of salinity on this pear cultivar”