Abstract
Fusarium wilt is a devastating disease which impacts watermelon production. Soil fumigation using dazomet followed by biological organic fertilizer was applied to suppress the Fusarium wilt disease. We propose that fumigation suppresses the soil indigenous community, especially the soil-borne pathogens, while the utilization of bio-organic fertilizer facilitates the recovery of the soil microbiome to a beneficial, suppressive state through the introduction of plant growth-promoting microorganisms. Greenhouse experiment showed that applied biological organic fertilizer after dazomet fumigation effective restrain the disease incidence with a 93.6% disease control. Fumigation strongly decreased soil microbial diversity and altered relative taxa abundances, suggesting the possibility of niche release by the resident soil microbial community. Fumigation followed by bio-fertilizer transformed the soil microbial community composition and resulted in higher relative abundances of beneficial microbial groups such as Bacillus (8.5%) and Trichoderma (13.5%), coupled with lower Fusarium abundance compared to other treatments. Network analysis illustrated that soil fumigation decreased interactions within the soil microbial community with less nodes and links while bio-fertilizer addition promoted node interactions. In addition, bio-fertilizer addition after fumigation resulted in the beneficial species becoming the key network connectors. Collectively, fumigation appears to release the resident soil niche resulting in lower diversity while the beneficial microbes introduced by bio-fertilizer addition colonize these niches, leading to a more complex community with fewer pathogens that suppresses Fusarium wilt disease incidence.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Biological organic fertilizer applied after dazomet fumigation restrained Fusarium wilt incidence in watermelon, with 93.6% disease control in a greenhouse experiment.
- Taxon
- watermelon
Citrullus lanatuse2 - Treatment
- applied biological organic fertilizer after dazomet fumigatione1
- Outcome
- disease incidencee1
- Direction
- restraine1
- Value
- 93.6%e1
- Setting
- Greenhouse experimente1
FusariumNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Greenhouse experiment showed that applied biological organic fertilizer after dazomet fumigation effective restrain the disease incidence with a 93.6% disease control”
e2“Fusarium wilt is a devastating disease which impacts watermelon production”
Claim · model-written summary
Fumigation strongly decreased soil microbial diversity in the watermelon field soil.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatuse2
- Treatment
- Fumigatione3
- Outcome
- soil microbial diversitye3
- Direction
- decreasede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Fumigation strongly decreased soil microbial diversity”
e2“Fusarium wilt is a devastating disease which impacts watermelon production”
Claim · model-written summary
Fumigation followed by bio-fertilizer resulted in higher relative abundance of beneficial microbial groups such as Bacillus (8.5%).
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatuse2
- Treatment
- Fumigation followed by bio-fertilizere4
- Interactor
- Bacilluse4biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- relative abundances of beneficial microbial groups such as Bacilluse4
- Direction
- highere4
- Value
- 8.5%e4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Fumigation followed by bio-fertilizer transformed the soil microbial community composition and resulted in higher relative abundances of beneficial microbial groups such as Bacillus (8.5%) and Trichoderma (13.5%), coupled with lower Fusarium abundance”
e2“Fusarium wilt is a devastating disease which impacts watermelon production”
Claim · model-written summary
Fumigation followed by bio-fertilizer resulted in higher relative abundance of beneficial microbial groups such as Trichoderma (13.5%).
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatuse2
- Treatment
- Fumigation followed by bio-fertilizere4
- Interactor
- Trichoderma
Trichodermae4biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- relative abundancese4
- Direction
- highere4
- Value
- 13.5%e4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Fumigation followed by bio-fertilizer transformed the soil microbial community composition and resulted in higher relative abundances of beneficial microbial groups such as Bacillus (8.5%) and Trichoderma (13.5%), coupled with lower Fusarium abundance”
e2“Fusarium wilt is a devastating disease which impacts watermelon production”
Claim · model-written summary
Fumigation followed by bio-fertilizer resulted in lower Fusarium abundance in the soil.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatuse2
- Treatment
- Fumigation followed by bio-fertilizere4
- Outcome
- Fusarium abundancee4
- Direction
- lowere4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Fumigation followed by bio-fertilizer transformed the soil microbial community composition and resulted in higher relative abundances of beneficial microbial groups such as Bacillus (8.5%) and Trichoderma (13.5%), coupled with lower Fusarium abundance”
e2“Fusarium wilt is a devastating disease which impacts watermelon production”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil fumigation decreased interactions within the soil microbial community, with fewer nodes and links.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatuse2
- Treatment
- soil fumigatione6
- Outcome
- interactions within the soil microbial communitye6
- Direction
- decreasede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“soil fumigation decreased interactions within the soil microbial community with less nodes and links”
e2“Fusarium wilt is a devastating disease which impacts watermelon production”
Claim · model-written summary
Bio-fertilizer addition promoted node interactions in the soil microbial network.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatuse2
- Treatment
- bio-fertilizer additione7
- Outcome
- node interactionse7
- Direction
- promotede7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“bio-fertilizer addition promoted node interactions”
e2“Fusarium wilt is a devastating disease which impacts watermelon production”
Claim · model-written summary
Bio-fertilizer addition after fumigation made the beneficial species key network connectors.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatuse2
- Treatment
- bio-fertilizer addition after fumigatione5
- Outcome
- the beneficial species becoming the key network connectorse5
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“bio-fertilizer addition after fumigation resulted in the beneficial species becoming the key network connectors”
e2“Fusarium wilt is a devastating disease which impacts watermelon production”
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