Abstract
Khrieba, M.I., M.F. Azmeh, W. Chouman, I. Ghazal, and A.K. Ali. 2021. Induction of Systemic Resistance in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicom L.) Against Damping-off Disease by Using a Mixture of Mycorrhizae. Arab Journal of Plant Protection, 39(1): 61-68. The effect of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza (VAM) in improving the activity of the enzyme peroxidase and its role in controlling tomato damping-off caused by Pythium ultimum was studied in a pot experiment during the 2013 growing season. Five treatments were compared with a non-treated control (C): in treatment 1, soil was infested only with Pythium (Py), in treatment 2, soil was infested with mycorrhiza only (My), in treatment 3 soil was infested with Pythium and mycorrhiza at sowing (My+Py), in treatment 4, soil was infested with Pythium and two weeks after sowing with Mycorrhiza (Py-My) and in treatment 5, soil was infested with mycorrhiza and two weeks after sowing with Pythium (My-Py). The results showed that peroxidase concentration in plant tissues 14 days after seed germination in the My treatment (361.91 μmole/mg) significantly exceeded the other treatments. In the treatment where mycorrhiza was added before the pathogen 67 Arab J. Pl. Prot. Vol. 39, No. 1 (2021) peroxidase activity reached 183.73 μmole/mg, which was 41% significantly higher than the My+Py treatment in which the pathogen and mycorrhizal inoculant were added together at sowing (108.27 μmole/mg). The peroxidase concentration increased significantly 28 days after seed germination in the My treatment (687.52 μmole/mg) as compared with the Py treatment (10.52 μmole/mg). Results also showed that in the treatment My-Py, where the mycorrhyzal inoculum was added before the pathogen, peroxidase activity (458.27 μmole/mg) was significantly higher than in the treatment Py+My, when the pathogen was added simultaneously with the vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculum (98.67 μmole/mg). Furthermore, results showed that 35 days after seed germination, the enzyme concentration was significantly higher in the My-Py treatment (763.39 μmole/mg) as compared with My+Py treatment (143.5 μmole/mg). Keywords: Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza, VAM, Pythium ultimum, peroxidase, tomato, Syrian coast, induced resistance.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhiza-only treatment had the highest peroxidase concentration 14 days after germination.
- Taxon
- Tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- My treatmente0
- Interactor
- mycorrhizae1symbiont
- Gene
- peroxidasee2
- Outcome
- peroxidase concentratione0
- Direction
- exceedede0
- Value
- 361.91 μmole/mge0
- Qualifier
- 14 days after seed germinatione0
- Comparator
- other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato (Solanum lycopersicom L.)”
e0“peroxidase concentration in plant tissues 14 days after seed germination in the My treatment (361.91 μmole/mg) significantly exceeded the other treatments”
e1“mycorrhiza was added before the pathogen”
e2“peroxidase concentration in plant tissues”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding mycorrhiza before the pathogen increased peroxidase activity by 41% versus simultaneous addition.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- mycorrhiza was added before the pathogene0
- Interactor
- mycorrhizae1symbiont
- Gene
- peroxidasee2
- Outcome
- peroxidase activitye0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 41%e0
- Comparator
- My+Py treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato (Solanum lycopersicom L.)”
e0“mycorrhiza was added before the pathogen 67 Arab J. Pl. Prot. Vol. 39, No. 1 (2021) peroxidase activity reached 183.73 μmole/mg, which was 41% significantly higher than the My+Py treatment in which the pathogen and mycorrhizal inoculant were added together at sowing (108.27 μmole/mg)”
e1“mycorrhiza was added before the pathogen”
e2“peroxidase concentration in plant tissues”
Claim · model-written summary
At 28 days, mycorrhiza-only treatment increased peroxidase concentration versus Pythium-only treatment.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- My treatmente0
- Interactor
- mycorrhizae1symbiont
- Gene
- peroxidasee2
- Outcome
- peroxidase concentratione0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 687.52 μmole/mge0
- Qualifier
- 28 days after seed germinatione0
- Comparator
- Py treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato (Solanum lycopersicom L.)”
e0“peroxidase concentration increased significantly 28 days after seed germination in the My treatment (687.52 μmole/mg) as compared with the Py treatment (10.52 μmole/mg)”
e1“mycorrhiza was added before the pathogen”
e2“peroxidase concentration in plant tissues”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhiza before pathogen yielded higher peroxidase activity than simultaneous inoculation.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- mycorrhyzal inoculum was added before the pathogene0
- Interactor
- mycorrhizae1symbiont
- Gene
- peroxidasee2
- Outcome
- peroxidase activitye0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 458.27 μmole/mge0
- Comparator
- Py+Mye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato (Solanum lycopersicom L.)”
e0“mycorrhyzal inoculum was added before the pathogen, peroxidase activity (458.27 μmole/mg) was significantly higher than in the treatment Py+My, when the pathogen was added simultaneously with the vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculum (98.67 μmole/mg)”
e1“mycorrhiza was added before the pathogen”
e2“peroxidase concentration in plant tissues”
Claim · model-written summary
At 35 days, mycorrhiza before pathogen yielded higher enzyme concentration than simultaneous addition.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- My-Py treatmente0
- Interactor
- mycorrhizae1symbiont
- Gene
- peroxidasee2
- Outcome
- enzyme concentratione0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 763.39 μmole/mge0
- Qualifier
- 35 days after seed germinatione0
- Comparator
- My+Py treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato (Solanum lycopersicom L.)”
e0“35 days after seed germination, the enzyme concentration was significantly higher in the My-Py treatment (763.39 μmole/mg) as compared with My+Py treatment (143.5 μmole/mg)”
e1“mycorrhiza was added before the pathogen”
e2“peroxidase concentration in plant tissues”
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See all 26 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.