Abstract
Abstract In conventional solution culture, differences in boron (B) concentration among plant parts and in distribution over time are often confounded with declining B supply. Using a B‐buffered solution system which maintained solutions at values that ranged from deficient to adequate, we examined B uptake and distribution in canola (Brassica napus L.) at 3 growth stages: 10 and 22 days after transplanting (DAT) and at early flowering (55 DAT). Boron concentrations in shoots and roots increased strongly with increasing solution B concentrations up to 1–2 μM B and then more weakly with increases in solution B above 2 μM B. At deficient to marginal external B concentrations, stems had higher B concentrations than leaf blades on Days 10 and 22 but not at adequate external B concentrations. In petioles, B concentration remained unchanged from Day 22 to 55 in most B treatments. With increasing external B concentrations, relative B content increased in leaf blades, decreased in roots, and generally remained unchanged in stems and petioles. Although the plants at low external B concentrations (≤ 0.55 μM) maintained vegetative growth they did not produce reproductive parts in contrast to the plants of adequate B. At the flowering stage, maximum B concentration was found in florets and growth of these plant parts was more sensitively depressed by low B than vegetative plant parts. At ≤ 0.41 μM external B concentration, reproductive growth was depressed compared to plants of ≥ 0.86 μM external B concentration, flowering was delayed for 6–8 days, and flowers aborted soon after bud burst.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Boron concentrations in shoots and roots increased strongly up to 1–2 μM external B and more weakly above 2 μM.
- Taxon
- canola
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Brassica napus var. napuse1 - Treatment
- solution B concentrationse0
- Outcome
- Boron concentrations in shoots and rootse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- up to 1–2 μM Be0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Boron concentrations in shoots and roots increased strongly with increasing solution B concentrations up to 1–2 μM B and then more weakly with increases in solution B above 2 μM B”
e1“canola (Brassica napus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
At deficient to marginal B, stems had higher B concentrations than leaf blades on days 10 and 22.
- Taxon
- canolaBrassica napus var. napuse1
- Organ / stage
- stemse0
- Outcome
- B concentrationse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- Days 10 and 22e0
- Comparator
- leaf bladese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At deficient to marginal external B concentrations, stems had higher B concentrations than leaf blades on Days 10 and 22 but not at adequate external B concentrations”
e1“canola (Brassica napus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Petioles retained unchanged B concentration from day 22 to day 55 in most treatments.
- Taxon
- canolaBrassica napus var. napuse1
- Organ / stage
- petiolese0
- Outcome
- B concentratione0
- Direction
- remained unchangede0
- Qualifier
- Day 22 to 55e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In petioles, B concentration remained unchanged from Day 22 to 55 in most B treatments”
e1“canola (Brassica napus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
With higher external B, relative B content increased in leaf blades.
- Taxon
- canolaBrassica napus var. napuse1
- Organ / stage
- leaf bladese0
- Treatment
- external B concentrationse0
- Outcome
- relative B contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“With increasing external B concentrations, relative B content increased in leaf blades, decreased in roots, and generally remained unchanged in stems and petioles”
e1“canola (Brassica napus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
With higher external B, relative B content decreased in roots.
- Taxon
- canolaBrassica napus var. napuse1
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Treatment
- external B concentrationse0
- Outcome
- relative B contente0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“With increasing external B concentrations, relative B content increased in leaf blades, decreased in roots, and generally remained unchanged in stems and petioles”
e1“canola (Brassica napus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
With higher external B, relative B content generally remained unchanged in stems and petioles.
- Taxon
- canolaBrassica napus var. napuse1
- Organ / stage
- stems and petiolese0
- Treatment
- external B concentrationse0
- Outcome
- relative B contente0
- Direction
- remained unchangede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“With increasing external B concentrations, relative B content increased in leaf blades, decreased in roots, and generally remained unchanged in stems and petioles”
e1“canola (Brassica napus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Plants at low external B maintained vegetative growth but failed to produce reproductive parts.
- Taxon
- canolaBrassica napus var. napuse1
- Treatment
- low external B concentrations (≤ 0.55 μM)e0
- Outcome
- did not produce reproductive partse0
- Comparator
- plants of adequate Be0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plants at low external B concentrations (≤ 0.55 μM) maintained vegetative growth they did not produce reproductive parts in contrast to the plants of adequate B”
e1“canola (Brassica napus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Florets had the maximum B concentration at flowering.
- Taxon
- canolaBrassica napus var. napuse1
- Organ / stage
- floretse0
- Outcome
- B concentratione0
- Direction
- maximume0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At the flowering stage, maximum B concentration was found in florets”
e1“canola (Brassica napus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Low B depressed floret growth more sensitively than vegetative parts.
- Taxon
- canolaBrassica napus var. napuse1
- Organ / stage
- floretse2
- Treatment
- low Be0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- depressede0
- Comparator
- vegetative plant partse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“growth of these plant parts was more sensitively depressed by low B than vegetative plant parts”
e1“canola (Brassica napus L.)”
e2“florets”
Claim · model-written summary
At ≤ 0.41 μM external B, reproductive growth was depressed relative to ≥ 0.86 μM.
- Taxon
- canolaBrassica napus var. napuse1
- Treatment
- ≤ 0.41 μM external B concentratione0
- Outcome
- reproductive growthe0
- Direction
- depressede0
- Comparator
- ≥ 0.86 μM external B concentratione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At ≤ 0.41 μM external B concentration, reproductive growth was depressed compared to plants of ≥ 0.86 μM external B concentration”
e1“canola (Brassica napus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Low external B delayed flowering by 6–8 days.
- Taxon
- canolaBrassica napus var. napuse1
- Treatment
- ≤ 0.41 μM external B concentratione0
- Outcome
- floweringe0
- Direction
- delayede0
- Value
- 6–8 dayse0
- Comparator
- ≥ 0.86 μM external B concentratione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At ≤ 0.41 μM external B concentration, reproductive growth was depressed compared to plants of ≥ 0.86 μM external B concentration, flowering was delayed for 6–8 days”
e1“canola (Brassica napus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
At low external B, flowers aborted soon after bud burst.
- Taxon
- canolaBrassica napus var. napuse1
- Treatment
- ≤ 0.41 μM external B concentratione2
- Outcome
- flowers abortede0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“flowers aborted soon after bud burst”
e1“canola (Brassica napus L.)”
e2“≤ 0.41 μM external B concentration”