Abstract
Plastic-shed vegetable production system is becoming the main type of vegetable production in China, while excessive irrigation and fertilization input lead to significant N loss by leaching, runoff, and gaseous N. The current study established a field experiment to investigate the effects of drip irrigation and optimized fertilization on vegetable yield, water and fertilizer efficiencies and N2O emission in a typical intensive plastic-shed tomato production region of China. The treatments include CK (no fertilization, flood irrigation), FFP (farmers’ conventional fertilization, flood irrigation), OPT1 (80% of FFP fertilization, flood irrigation), OPT2 (80% of FFP fertilization, drip irrigation). N2O isotopocule deltas, including δ15Nbulk, δ18O and SP (the 15N site preference in N2O), have been used to investigate microbial pathways of N2O production under different treatments. Our results showed: i) optimized fertilization and drip irrigation significantly improved the fertilizer and water use efficiency without reducing tomato yield, ii) compared with flood irrigation, drip irrigation decreased soil WFPS and soil ammonium content, but increased soil nitrate content. When soil moisture was higher than 60%WFPS, drip irrigation led to a decrease of N2O emission with lower N2O SP signature observed than that of food irrigation, suggesting a reduction of denitrification derived N2O. In contrast, drip irrigation significantly increased N2O emission and N2O SP value when soil moisture status was lower than 55% WFPS, which may be due to the enhanced nitrification or fungal denitrification derived N2O.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Optimized fertilization and drip irrigation improved fertilizer use efficiency.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Treatment
- optimized fertilization and drip irrigatione0
- Outcome
- fertilizer and water use efficiencye0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“optimized fertilization and drip irrigation significantly improved the fertilizer and water use efficiency without reducing tomato yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Optimized fertilization and drip irrigation improved water use efficiency.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- optimized fertilization and drip irrigatione0
- Outcome
- water use efficiencye0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“optimized fertilization and drip irrigation significantly improved the fertilizer and water use efficiency without reducing tomato yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Optimized fertilization and drip irrigation did not reduce tomato yield.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- optimized fertilization and drip irrigatione0
- Outcome
- tomato yielde0
- Direction
- without reducinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“optimized fertilization and drip irrigation significantly improved the fertilizer and water use efficiency without reducing tomato yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Drip irrigation decreased soil WFPS relative to flood irrigation.
Verbatim
t0“vegetable”
e0“compared with flood irrigation, drip irrigation decreased soil WFPS and soil ammonium content, but increased soil nitrate content.”
Claim · model-written summary
Drip irrigation decreased soil ammonium content relative to flood irrigation.
Verbatim
t0“vegetable”
e0“compared with flood irrigation, drip irrigation decreased soil WFPS and soil ammonium content, but increased soil nitrate content.”
Claim · model-written summary
Drip irrigation increased soil nitrate content relative to flood irrigation.
Verbatim
t0“vegetable”
e0“compared with flood irrigation, drip irrigation decreased soil WFPS and soil ammonium content, but increased soil nitrate content.”
Claim · model-written summary
Above 60% WFPS, drip irrigation decreased N2O emission.
Verbatim
t0“vegetable”
e0“When soil moisture was higher than 60%WFPS, drip irrigation led to a decrease of N2O emission with lower N2O SP signature observed than that of food irrigation”
Claim · model-written summary
Above 60% WFPS, drip irrigation lowered the N2O SP signature relative to flood irrigation.
Verbatim
t0“vegetable”
e0“When soil moisture was higher than 60%WFPS, drip irrigation led to a decrease of N2O emission with lower N2O SP signature observed than that of food irrigation”
Claim · model-written summary
Below 55% WFPS, drip irrigation increased N2O emission.
- Taxon
- vegetablet0
- Treatment
- drip irrigatione0
- Outcome
- N2O emissione0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- soil moisture status was lower than 55% WFPSe0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“vegetable”
e0“drip irrigation significantly increased N2O emission and N2O SP value when soil moisture status was lower than 55% WFPS”
Claim · model-written summary
Below 55% WFPS, drip irrigation increased the N2O SP value.
- Taxon
- vegetablet0
- Treatment
- drip irrigatione0
- Outcome
- N2O SP valuee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- soil moisture status was lower than 55% WFPSe0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“vegetable”
e0“drip irrigation significantly increased N2O emission and N2O SP value when soil moisture status was lower than 55% WFPS”
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