Abstract
A field trial was conducted to determine the effect of tillage and mulch practices on the biomass response of cereal maize and soybean, lablab and grazing vetch which are legumes, when planted as fodder crops. The experiment was conducted using split-plot design with three replications. The main plot treatments were two mulch levels (Mulch and No-Mulch). The mulch was maize straw left from previous cropping season. The subplot treatments were minimum tillage (0.2 m) and deep tillage (0.35 m). The parts of the four crops quantified were leaf, stem and roots. The combination of deep tillage and mulch practices resulted in significant (P<0.05) increase in the leaf, stem and root biomass of maize and, soybean, lablab and grazing vetch. Minimum tillage and no-mulch combined depressed (P<0.0.5) the leaf, stem and root yield of maize while, for soybean, lablab and grazing vetch there was no definite trend of significantly (P<0.05) depressed biomass for the leaf, stem and root yield under minimum tillage and no-mulch, and deep tillage and no-mulch. There was low correlation and positive significant relationship between leaf, stem and root and legume crops whereas, maize had a high correlation relationship with its biomass parameters. It is recommended that maize, soybean, lablab and grazing vetch can be grown as forage crops under combined deep tillage and mulch practices in the Foothills agro-ecological zone of Lesotho to obtain enhanced biomass. Key words: Cereal, legume, leaf, stem root, forage.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Deep tillage combined with mulch increased leaf, stem and root biomass of maize (P<0.05).
- Organ / stage
- leaf, stem and roote0
- Treatment
- combination of deep tillage and mulch practicese0
- Outcome
- biomasse0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Setting
- foothills agro-ecological zone of Lesothot0
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The combination of deep tillage and mulch practices resulted in significant (P<0.05) increase in the leaf, stem and root biomass of maize and, soybean, lablab and grazing vetch”
t0“the foothills agro-ecological zone of Lesotho”
Claim · model-written summary
Deep tillage combined with mulch increased leaf, stem and root biomass of soybean (P<0.05).
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Organ / stage
- leaf, stem and roote0
- Treatment
- combination of deep tillage and mulch practicese0
- Outcome
- biomasse0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Setting
- foothills agro-ecological zone of Lesothot0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The combination of deep tillage and mulch practices resulted in significant (P<0.05) increase in the leaf, stem and root biomass of maize and, soybean, lablab and grazing vetch”
t0“the foothills agro-ecological zone of Lesotho”
Claim · model-written summary
Deep tillage combined with mulch increased leaf, stem and root biomass of lablab (P<0.05).
- Organ / stage
- leaf, stem and roote0
- Treatment
- combination of deep tillage and mulch practicese0
- Outcome
- biomasse0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Setting
- foothills agro-ecological zone of Lesothot0
LablabNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The combination of deep tillage and mulch practices resulted in significant (P<0.05) increase in the leaf, stem and root biomass of maize and, soybean, lablab and grazing vetch”
t0“the foothills agro-ecological zone of Lesotho”
Claim · model-written summary
Deep tillage combined with mulch increased leaf, stem and root biomass of grazing vetch (P<0.05).
- Taxon
- grazing vetche0
- Organ / stage
- leaf, stem and roote0
- Treatment
- combination of deep tillage and mulch practicese0
- Outcome
- biomasse0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Setting
- foothills agro-ecological zone of Lesothot0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The combination of deep tillage and mulch practices resulted in significant (P<0.05) increase in the leaf, stem and root biomass of maize and, soybean, lablab and grazing vetch”
t0“the foothills agro-ecological zone of Lesotho”
Claim · model-written summary
Minimum tillage combined with no-mulch depressed leaf, stem and root yield of maize (P<0.0.5).
- Organ / stage
- leaf, stem and roote0
- Treatment
- Minimum tillage and no-mulche0
- Outcome
- leaf, stem and root yielde0
- Direction
- depressede0
- Setting
- foothills agro-ecological zone of Lesothot0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Minimum tillage and no-mulch combined depressed (P<0.0.5) the leaf, stem and root yield of maize”
t0“the foothills agro-ecological zone of Lesotho”
Claim · model-written summary
soybean showed no definite trend of significantly depressed leaf, stem and root yield under minimum tillage and no-mulch or deep tillage and no-mulch.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Organ / stage
- leaf, stem and roote0
- Treatment
- minimum tillage and no-mulch, and deep tillage and no-mulche0
- Outcome
- leaf, stem and root yielde0
- Direction
- no definite trende0
- Setting
- foothills agro-ecological zone of Lesothot0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“for soybean, lablab and grazing vetch there was no definite trend of significantly (P<0.05) depressed biomass for the leaf, stem and root yield under minimum tillage and no-mulch, and deep tillage and no-mulch”
t0“the foothills agro-ecological zone of Lesotho”
Claim · model-written summary
lablab showed no definite trend of significantly depressed leaf, stem and root yield under minimum tillage and no-mulch or deep tillage and no-mulch.
- Organ / stage
- leaf, stem and roote0
- Treatment
- minimum tillage and no-mulch, and deep tillage and no-mulche0
- Outcome
- leaf, stem and root yielde0
- Direction
- no definite trende0
- Setting
- foothills agro-ecological zone of Lesothot0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“for soybean, lablab and grazing vetch there was no definite trend of significantly (P<0.05) depressed biomass for the leaf, stem and root yield under minimum tillage and no-mulch, and deep tillage and no-mulch”
t0“the foothills agro-ecological zone of Lesotho”
Claim · model-written summary
grazing vetch showed no definite trend of significantly depressed leaf, stem and root yield under minimum tillage and no-mulch or deep tillage and no-mulch.
- Taxon
- grazing vetche0
- Organ / stage
- leaf, stem and roote0
- Treatment
- minimum tillage and no-mulch, and deep tillage and no-mulche0
- Outcome
- leaf, stem and root yielde0
- Direction
- no definite trende0
- Setting
- foothills agro-ecological zone of Lesothot0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“for soybean, lablab and grazing vetch there was no definite trend of significantly (P<0.05) depressed biomass for the leaf, stem and root yield under minimum tillage and no-mulch, and deep tillage and no-mulch”
t0“the foothills agro-ecological zone of Lesotho”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf, stem and root biomass showed a low but positive significant correlation in legume crops.
Verbatim
e0“There was low correlation and positive significant relationship between leaf, stem and root and legume crops”
t0“the foothills agro-ecological zone of Lesotho”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize had a high correlation with its biomass parameters.
- Outcome
- correlation relationship with its biomass parameterse0
- Setting
- foothills agro-ecological zone of Lesothot0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“maize had a high correlation relationship with its biomass parameters”
t0“the foothills agro-ecological zone of Lesotho”
Claim · model-written summary
maize is recommended to be grown as a forage crop under combined deep tillage and mulch practices to obtain enhanced biomass.
- Treatment
- combined deep tillage and mulch practicese0
- Outcome
- grown as forage cropse0
- Setting
- Foothills agro-ecological zone of Lesothoe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“It is recommended that maize, soybean, lablab and grazing vetch can be grown as forage crops under combined deep tillage and mulch practices in the Foothills agro-ecological zone of Lesotho to obtain enhanced biomass”
t0“the foothills agro-ecological zone of Lesotho”
Claim · model-written summary
soybean is recommended to be grown as a forage crop under combined deep tillage and mulch practices to obtain enhanced biomass.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- combined deep tillage and mulch practicese0
- Outcome
- grown as forage cropse0
- Setting
- Foothills agro-ecological zone of Lesothoe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“It is recommended that maize, soybean, lablab and grazing vetch can be grown as forage crops under combined deep tillage and mulch practices in the Foothills agro-ecological zone of Lesotho to obtain enhanced biomass”
t0“the foothills agro-ecological zone of Lesotho”
Claim · model-written summary
lablab is recommended to be grown as a forage crop under combined deep tillage and mulch practices to obtain enhanced biomass.
- Treatment
- combined deep tillage and mulch practicese0
- Outcome
- grown as forage cropse0
- Setting
- Foothills agro-ecological zone of Lesothoe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“It is recommended that maize, soybean, lablab and grazing vetch can be grown as forage crops under combined deep tillage and mulch practices in the Foothills agro-ecological zone of Lesotho to obtain enhanced biomass”
t0“the foothills agro-ecological zone of Lesotho”
Claim · model-written summary
grazing vetch is recommended to be grown as a forage crop under combined deep tillage and mulch practices to obtain enhanced biomass.
Verbatim
e0“It is recommended that maize, soybean, lablab and grazing vetch can be grown as forage crops under combined deep tillage and mulch practices in the Foothills agro-ecological zone of Lesotho to obtain enhanced biomass”
t0“the foothills agro-ecological zone of Lesotho”
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