Abstract
The present study evaluated the effect of pruning according to different tree forms on yield, fruit size, and leaf starch reserves of young ‘Nadorcott’ mandarin trees planted at high density. Trees were selectively pruned by hand either according to form (pyramid or open center) by removing either lateral or central branches, or were left unpruned until trees touched each other in the row with minimal pruning thereafter (control). Form pruning, in particular the pyramid form, resulted in higher amount of biomass removal compared with the control treatment, affecting canopy volume and trunk cross-sectional area (TCSA). This led to a yield reduction in the first year, but steady yield increases in subsequent years. Fruit size was significantly larger in pyramid and open-center-shaped trees compared with the control treatment, but this difference declined as trees got older. Production efficiency (yield/canopy volume) of the pyramid form was significantly higher after the second year of pruning compared with the other treatments. Pruning did not influence leaf starch content, but indirectly affected crop load and subsequently the following year’s crop size. Judicial removal of lateral branches, e.g. in pyramid-shaped trees, appeared to be the most beneficial tree form for ‘Nadorcott’ mandarin as it is closest to its natural growth habit and promotes sustainable yields with good marketable fruit size.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Form pruning, particularly the pyramid form, removed a higher amount of biomass than the control treatment in young mandarin trees.
Verbatim
e1“The present study evaluated the effect of pruning according to different tree forms on yield, fruit size, and leaf starch reserves of young ‘Nadorcott’ mandarin trees planted at high density”
e2“Form pruning, in particular the pyramid form, resulted in higher amount of biomass removal compared with the control treatment, affecting canopy volume and trunk cross-sectional area (TCSA)”
Claim · model-written summary
Form pruning affected canopy volume and trunk cross-sectional area of young mandarin trees.
- Taxon
- mandarine1
- Treatment
- Form pruning, in particular the pyramid forme2
- Outcome
- canopy volume and trunk cross-sectional area (TCSA)e2
- Comparator
- control treatmente2
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e1“The present study evaluated the effect of pruning according to different tree forms on yield, fruit size, and leaf starch reserves of young ‘Nadorcott’ mandarin trees planted at high density”
e2“Form pruning, in particular the pyramid form, resulted in higher amount of biomass removal compared with the control treatment, affecting canopy volume and trunk cross-sectional area (TCSA)”
Claim · model-written summary
Pruning led to a yield reduction in the first year after pruning.
- Taxon
- mandarine1
- Treatment
- Form pruning, in particular the pyramid forme2
- Outcome
- yielde3
- Direction
- reductione3
- Qualifier
- in the first yeare3
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e1“The present study evaluated the effect of pruning according to different tree forms on yield, fruit size, and leaf starch reserves of young ‘Nadorcott’ mandarin trees planted at high density”
e2“Form pruning, in particular the pyramid form, resulted in higher amount of biomass removal compared with the control treatment, affecting canopy volume and trunk cross-sectional area (TCSA)”
e3“This led to a yield reduction in the first year, but steady yield increases in subsequent years”
Claim · model-written summary
Yield increased steadily in subsequent years after pruning.
- Taxon
- mandarine1
- Treatment
- Form pruning, in particular the pyramid forme2
- Outcome
- yielde3
- Direction
- increasese3
- Qualifier
- in subsequent yearse3
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e1“The present study evaluated the effect of pruning according to different tree forms on yield, fruit size, and leaf starch reserves of young ‘Nadorcott’ mandarin trees planted at high density”
e2“Form pruning, in particular the pyramid form, resulted in higher amount of biomass removal compared with the control treatment, affecting canopy volume and trunk cross-sectional area (TCSA)”
e3“This led to a yield reduction in the first year, but steady yield increases in subsequent years”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit size was significantly larger in pyramid-form trees than in the control treatment.
Verbatim
e1“The present study evaluated the effect of pruning according to different tree forms on yield, fruit size, and leaf starch reserves of young ‘Nadorcott’ mandarin trees planted at high density”
e4“Fruit size was significantly larger in pyramid and open-center-shaped trees compared with the control treatment, but this difference declined as trees got older”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit size was significantly larger in open-center-shaped trees than in the control treatment.
Verbatim
e1“The present study evaluated the effect of pruning according to different tree forms on yield, fruit size, and leaf starch reserves of young ‘Nadorcott’ mandarin trees planted at high density”
e4“Fruit size was significantly larger in pyramid and open-center-shaped trees compared with the control treatment, but this difference declined as trees got older”
Claim · model-written summary
The difference in fruit size between pruned and control trees declined as the trees got older.
Verbatim
e1“The present study evaluated the effect of pruning according to different tree forms on yield, fruit size, and leaf starch reserves of young ‘Nadorcott’ mandarin trees planted at high density”
e4“Fruit size was significantly larger in pyramid and open-center-shaped trees compared with the control treatment, but this difference declined as trees got older”
Claim · model-written summary
Production efficiency of the pyramid form was significantly higher than the other treatments after the second year of pruning.
Verbatim
e1“The present study evaluated the effect of pruning according to different tree forms on yield, fruit size, and leaf starch reserves of young ‘Nadorcott’ mandarin trees planted at high density”
e5“Production efficiency (yield/canopy volume) of the pyramid form was significantly higher after the second year of pruning compared with the other treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Pruning did not influence leaf starch content.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e1“The present study evaluated the effect of pruning according to different tree forms on yield, fruit size, and leaf starch reserves of young ‘Nadorcott’ mandarin trees planted at high density”
e6“Pruning did not influence leaf starch content, but indirectly affected crop load and subsequently the following year’s crop size”
Claim · model-written summary
Pruning indirectly affected crop load in the following year.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e1“The present study evaluated the effect of pruning according to different tree forms on yield, fruit size, and leaf starch reserves of young ‘Nadorcott’ mandarin trees planted at high density”
e6“Pruning did not influence leaf starch content, but indirectly affected crop load and subsequently the following year’s crop size”
Claim · model-written summary
Judicial removal of lateral branches, as in pyramid-shaped trees, is the most beneficial tree form for mandarin.
Verbatim
e1“The present study evaluated the effect of pruning according to different tree forms on yield, fruit size, and leaf starch reserves of young ‘Nadorcott’ mandarin trees planted at high density”
e7“Judicial removal of lateral branches, e.g. in pyramid-shaped trees, appeared to be the most beneficial tree form”
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