Abstract
Abstract Plant-based screening experiments were conducted with the aim of identifying biocontrol bacteria and fungi for seed treatment of maize. Candidate microorganisms were evaluated for their protective effects against soilborne infections by species of Fusarium , Globisporangium (syn. Pythium ) and Rhizoctonia. The microorganisms tested were bacteria and fungi from maize roots or other sources, including some active microbial components of commercial biocontrol products. Due to the method of isolation chosen, the majority of bacteria from maize roots were spore formers, most of them species of the genera Bacillus, Brevibacillus and Paenibacillus . In pot tests with the potting substrate inoculated with F. culmorum, the level of control provided by seed treatment with the most efficacious bacterial and fungal isolates was comparable or close to the chemical reference seed treatment thiram. The most effective bacteria were species of Pseudomonas , Burkholderia and Streptomyces . Among a subset of approx. 100 bacteria studied, the in vivo and in vitro activities against F. culmorum were only weakly correlated, although some strains deviated from this pattern. The most effective fungi were two strains of Clonostachys rosea and isolates of Trichoderma . The latter and a strain of Gliocladium virens provided also protection against R. solani . Activity against Globisporangium ultimum was recorded for one isolate of Trichoderma and the two strains of C. rosea. A reduction in the impact of seedborne F. culmorum was also observed after seed treatment with two strains of F. oxysporum f. sp. strigae. The results are discussed in relation to previous reports on rhizosphere bacteria of maize and their use in biocontrol of plant pathogens or for plant growth promotion.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Most isolated maize-root bacteria were spore formers, chiefly Bacillus, Brevibacillus and Paenibacillus.
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“maize”
e0“the majority of bacteria from maize roots were spore formers, most of them species of the genera Bacillus, Brevibacillus and Paenibacillus”
Claim · model-written summary
The best bacterial and fungal seed treatments controlled F. culmorum nearly as well as thiram.
- Treatment
- seed treatment with the most efficacious bacterial and fungal isolatese0
- Outcome
- level of controle0
- Direction
- comparable or closee0
- Comparator
- chemical reference seed treatment thirame0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“maize”
e0“the level of control provided by seed treatment with the most efficacious bacterial and fungal isolates was comparable or close to the chemical reference seed treatment thiram”
Claim · model-written summary
Pseudomonas, Burkholderia and Streptomyces were the most effective bacteria.
- Interactor
- Pseudomonas
Pseudomonase0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- most effective bacteriae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“maize”
e0“The most effective bacteria were species of Pseudomonas , Burkholderia and Streptomyces”
Claim · model-written summary
In vivo and in vitro activity against F. culmorum correlated weakly across about 100 bacteria.
- Interactor
- F. culmorum
.jpg?width=60)
Fusarium culmorume0pathogen - Outcome
- in vivo and in vitro activities against F. culmorume0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“maize”
e0“Among a subset of approx. 100 bacteria studied, the in vivo and in vitro activities against F. culmorum were only weakly correlated”
Claim · model-written summary
Two Clonostachys rosea strains and Trichoderma isolates were the most effective fungi.
- Interactor
- Clonostachys rosea
Clonostachys roseae0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- most effective fungie0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“maize”
e0“The most effective fungi were two strains of Clonostachys rosea and isolates of Trichoderma”
Claim · model-written summary
Trichoderma isolates protected maize against R. solani.
- Treatment
- The lattere0
- Interactor
- R. solani
Rhizoctonia solanie0pathogen - Second interactor
- Gliocladium virensTrichoderma virense0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- protection against R. solanie0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“maize”
e0“The latter and a strain of Gliocladium virens provided also protection against R. solani”
Claim · model-written summary
One Trichoderma isolate and two C. rosea strains had activity against Globisporangium ultimum.
- Interactor
- Globisporangium ultimumGlobisporangium ultimume0pathogen
- Second interactor
- Trichoderma
Trichodermae0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- Activity against Globisporangium ultimume0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“maize”
e0“Activity against Globisporangium ultimum was recorded for one isolate of Trichoderma and the two strains of C. rosea”
Claim · model-written summary
Two F. oxysporum f. sp. strigae strains reduced the impact of seedborne F. culmorum.
- Treatment
- seed treatment with two strains of F. oxysporum f. sp. strigaee0
- Interactor
- F. culmorumFusarium culmorume0pathogen
- Second interactor
- F. oxysporum f. sp. strigae
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. strigaee0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- impact of seedborne F. culmorume0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“maize”
e0“A reduction in the impact of seedborne F. culmorum was also observed after seed treatment with two strains of F. oxysporum f. sp. strigae”
The same questions in other papers
seed treatment · control · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
16 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- negative
- no effect
16 papers more in this group
See all 20 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.