Abstract
To evaluate the effects of application of herbicides and different plant densities on seed yield, weed density and chlorophyll content in wheat (cv. Bahar), a split plot experiment based on randomized complete blocks design with three replications was conducted at the Agricultural Research Staion of Sarableh, Ilam, in 2014-2015 cropping season. Plant densities in (200, 250 and 300 kg of seed/ha) were considered as main factor and application of herbicides (2, 4-D, Granstar, Shovalyeh, and control, without herbicide application) as sub factor. Results indicated that plant densities affected traits under study significantly. As a result number of seed per spike, 1000-seed weight, relative water content, chlorophyll a and b contents decreased, while weed density and weed dry weight number of spike per m2 and percent lodging increased by increasing plant density. Application of herbicide increased number of spike per m2, number of seed per spike, 1000 seed weight, harvest index, relative water content, chlorophyll a and b contents, while it decreased weed dry weight and its density. Interaction effect of plant density and application of herbicide were significant on seed yield and biological yield. The highest seed yield (5500 kg.ha-1) was produced by using 250 kg seed/ha and application of Granstar herbicide and the lowest (2400 kg.ha-1) from 200 kg seed/ha and without application of herbicide. Thus, using 250 kg seed/ha and Granstar herbicide would increase wheat seed yield in this region as compared with the other treatments.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing plant density reduced wheat seeds per spike and thousand seed weight.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- increasing plant densitye0
- Outcome
- number of seed per spike, 1000-seed weighte0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“number of seed per spike, 1000-seed weight, relative water content, chlorophyll a and b contents decreased, while weed density and weed dry weight number of spike per m2 and percent lodging increased by increasing plant density”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing plant density reduced relative water and chlorophyll a and b contents.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- increasing plant densitye1
- Outcome
- relative water content, chlorophyll a and b contentse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“relative water content, chlorophyll a and b contents decreased”
t0“Wheat”
e1“increasing plant density”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing density increased weed density and dry weight.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- increasing plant densitye0
- Outcome
- weed density and weed dry weighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedInteractorComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“weed density and weed dry weight number of spike per m2 and percent lodging increased by increasing plant density”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing density increased wheat spikes per area and lodging.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- increasing plant densitye0
- Outcome
- number of spike per m2 and percent lodginge0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“number of spike per m2 and percent lodging increased by increasing plant density”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Herbicide application increased spikes per area, seeds per spike, thousand seed weight and harvest index.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Application of herbicidee0
- Outcome
- number of spike per m2, number of seed per spike, 1000 seed weighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of herbicide increased number of spike per m2, number of seed per spike, 1000 seed weight, harvest index”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Herbicide application increased wheat relative water and chlorophyll a and b contents.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Application of herbicidee0
- Outcome
- relative water content, chlorophyll a and b contentse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of herbicide increased number of spike per m2, number of seed per spike, 1000 seed weight, harvest index, relative water content, chlorophyll a and b contents”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Herbicide application decreased weed dry weight and density.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Application of herbicidee1
- Outcome
- weed dry weight and its densitye0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it decreased weed dry weight and its density”
t0“Wheat”
e1“Application of herbicide”
Claim · model-written summary
Plant density and herbicide application interacted significantly for seed yield.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- plant density and application of herbicidee0
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Interaction effect of plant density and application of herbicide were significant on seed yield and biological yield”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Plant density and herbicide application interacted significantly for biological yield.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- plant density and application of herbicidee0
- Outcome
- biological yielde0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Interaction effect of plant density and application of herbicide were significant on seed yield and biological yield”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
250 kg seed/ha with Granstar yielded the highest seed yield, 5500 kg.ha-1.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 250 kg seed/ha and application of Granstar herbicidee0
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 5500 kg.ha-1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest seed yield (5500 kg.ha-1) was produced by using 250 kg seed/ha and application of Granstar herbicide”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
200 kg seed/ha without herbicide yielded the lowest seed yield, 2400 kg.ha-1.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 200 kg seed/ha and without application of herbicidee0
- Outcome
- seed yielde1
- Direction
- loweste0
- Value
- 2400 kg.ha-1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the lowest (2400 kg.ha-1) from 200 kg seed/ha and without application of herbicide”
t0“Wheat”
e1“on seed yield, weed density”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend 250 kg seed/ha with Granstar to increase wheat seed yield in this region.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- 250 kg seed/ha and Granstar herbicidee0
- Outcome
- increase wheat seed yielde0
- Comparator
- other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“using 250 kg seed/ha and Granstar herbicide would increase wheat seed yield in this region as compared with the other treatments”
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