Abstract
ABSTRACT Anecdotal evidence suggested heat stress in grapevines can be reduced if vines are fully irrigated during a heat stress but only a few cultivars have been evaluated. Accordingly, Vitis vinifera L. cv. Semillon vines were grown in controlled environments and treated to a four‐day 40°C heat event with and without water stress. Berry size, sugar content, gas exchange and water potentials were measured. Results indicated water stress was relatively mild, but berry growth was reversed when exposed to the heat event and water stress added to this effect whereas control berries continued growing. Similar results occurred with the sugar accumulation process, except sugar immediately stopped accumulating but heat plus water stress reduced the amount of berry sugar further. The stress treatments also impaired photosynthesis and more so when combined with water stress. While reductions in photosynthesis were mostly a result of stomatal closure, but perhaps also non‐stomatal limitations, the reduced photoassimilates, especially of the heat plus water stressed vines, contributed to the lowered sugar amounts in the berries. These data strongly supported the conclusion that water stress exacerbated the effects of heat stress. The corollary is heat stress effects on vines will be ameliorated if no water stress is present.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Heat stress reversed berry growth relative to continued growth in controls.
- Taxon
- Vitis vinifera
Vitis viniferat0 - Treatment
- heat evente0
- Outcome
- berry growthe0
- Direction
- reversede0
- Comparator
- control berriese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“berry growth was reversed when exposed to the heat event and water stress added to this effect whereas control berries continued growing.”
t0“Vitis vinifera cv. Semillon vines”
Claim · model-written summary
Water stress increased the adverse effect of heat on berry growth.
- Taxon
- Vitis viniferaVitis viniferat0
- Treatment
- water stresse0
- Outcome
- berry growthe0
- Comparator
- heat evente0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“berry growth was reversed when exposed to the heat event and water stress added to this effect whereas control berries continued growing.”
t0“Vitis vinifera cv. Semillon vines”
Claim · model-written summary
Heat stress immediately stopped berry sugar accumulation.
- Taxon
- Vitis viniferaVitis viniferat0
- Treatment
- heate0
- Outcome
- sugar accumulation processe0
- Direction
- stopped accumulatinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Similar results occurred with the sugar accumulation process, except sugar immediately stopped accumulating but heat plus water stress reduced the amount of berry sugar further.”
t0“Vitis vinifera cv. Semillon vines”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined heat and water stress reduced berry sugar further.
- Taxon
- Vitis viniferaVitis viniferat0
- Treatment
- heat plus water stresse0
- Outcome
- amount of berry sugare0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- heate0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“heat plus water stress reduced the amount of berry sugar further.”
t0“Vitis vinifera cv. Semillon vines”
Claim · model-written summary
Stress treatments impaired photosynthesis.
- Taxon
- Vitis viniferaVitis viniferat0
- Treatment
- stress treatmentse0
- Outcome
- photosynthesise0
- Direction
- impairede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The stress treatments also impaired photosynthesis and more so when combined with water stress.”
t0“Vitis vinifera cv. Semillon vines”
Claim · model-written summary
Water stress combined with heat impaired photosynthesis more than stress alone.
- Taxon
- Vitis viniferaVitis viniferat0
- Treatment
- combined with water stresse0
- Outcome
- photosynthesise0
- Direction
- more soe0
- Comparator
- stress treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The stress treatments also impaired photosynthesis and more so when combined with water stress.”
t0“Vitis vinifera cv. Semillon vines”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors attribute most photosynthetic reduction to stomatal closure.
- Taxon
- Vitis viniferaVitis viniferat0
- Outcome
- reductions in photosynthesise0
- Qualifier
- stomatal closuree0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reductions in photosynthesis were mostly a result of stomatal closure, but perhaps also non‐stomatal limitations”
t0“Vitis vinifera cv. Semillon vines”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest possible non-stomatal limits to photosynthesis.
- Taxon
- Vitis viniferaVitis viniferat0
- Outcome
- reductions in photosynthesise0
- Qualifier
- non‐stomatal limitationse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reductions in photosynthesis were mostly a result of stomatal closure, but perhaps also non‐stomatal limitations”
t0“Vitis vinifera cv. Semillon vines”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced photoassimilates contributed to lower berry sugar, particularly under combined heat and water stress.
- Taxon
- Vitis viniferaVitis viniferat0
- Treatment
- heat plus water stressede0
- Outcome
- lowered sugar amounts in the berriese0
- Qualifier
- reduced photoassimilatese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the reduced photoassimilates, especially of the heat plus water stressed vines, contributed to the lowered sugar amounts in the berries.”
t0“Vitis vinifera cv. Semillon vines”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude water stress exacerbated heat-stress effects and adequate water would ameliorate them.
Verbatim
e0“water stress exacerbated the effects of heat stress. The corollary is heat stress effects on vines will be ameliorated if no water stress is present.”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.