Abstract
A field experiment was conducted during the winter (rabi) seasons of 201415 and 201516 at Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, to evaluate the effect of tillage practices, nitrogen and zinc management on productivity and quality of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in the North Eastern Plains Zone (NEPZ) of India. Treatments consisted of combina- tions of 2 tillage practices mainplots, viz. Conventional tillage (T ) and minimum tillage (T ) with different sources 1 2 of organic manure and nitrogen management, viz. N (control); N , [50% recommended dose of N (RDN) through 0 1 (urea + diammonium phosphate (DAP) fertilizer] + 50% RDN through FYM; N , (25% RDN through (urea + DAP 2 fertilizer] + 75% RDN through FYM; N , 50% RDN through (urea + DAP fertilizer) + 50% RDN through 3 vermicompost; N , 25% RDN through (urea + DAP fertilizer) + 75% RDN through vermicompost; and N , 100% 4 5 RDN through (urea + DAP fertilizer), in subplots and 0.5% zinc foliar spray (Z ) along with the control (no foliar 1 spray, Z ) were taken in sub-subplots in a split-split plot design with 3 replications. Pooled data indicated that, crop 0 cultivated by conventional tillage resulted in significantly the highest grain yield (3.89 t/ha) and gross returns ( 93,507/ha). However, significantly the highest benefit: cost ratio (1.407) was evident in conservation tillage- based minimum tillage. In balanced nitrogen-fertilization treatment N significant and maximum grain yield (4.14 t/ 3 ha), straw yield (8.39 t/ha) and gross returns ( 10,025/ha) were obtained. Significant and maximum soil-fertility status was recorded for available N, P, K and B contents in treatment N . Significantly the highest net returns 4 ( 62,285/ha) and benefit: cost ratio (1.944) were noted in the treatment N . In zinc foliar spray, significantly higher 5 grain (3.86 t/ha) and straw yields (7.86 t/ha), gross returns ( 93,312/ha), net returns ( 53,251/ha) and benefit: cost ratio (1.372) with soil fertility N (245.54 ppm) were recorded in treatment Z . Interaction of T N Z treatment 1 1 3 1 resulted significantly higher grain yield. However, significantly higher net returns were recorded in T N Z . The 1 5 1 benefit: cost ratio was maximum in interaction of T N Z . 2 5 1
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Claims 18
Claim · model-written summary
Conventional tillage had highest grain yield, 3.89 t/ha.
- Taxon
- wheat (Triticum aestivum)
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- conventional tillagee0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 3.89 t/hae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“crop 0 cultivated by conventional tillage resulted in significantly the highest grain yield (3.89 t/ha)”
t0“Effect of tillage, nitrogen and zinc management on yield and yield components of wheat (Triticum aestivum) in North Eastern Plains Zone of India”
Claim · model-written summary
Conventional tillage had highest gross returns.
- Taxon
- wheat (Triticum aestivum)Triticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- conventional tillagee0
- Outcome
- gross returnse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 93,507/hae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“conventional tillage resulted in significantly the highest grain yield (3.89 t/ha) and gross returns ( 93,507/ha)”
t0“Effect of tillage, nitrogen and zinc management on yield and yield components of wheat (Triticum aestivum) in North Eastern Plains Zone of India”
Claim · model-written summary
Minimum tillage had highest benefit to cost ratio.
- Taxon
- wheat (Triticum aestivum)Triticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- minimum tillagee0
- Outcome
- benefit: cost ratioe0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 1.407e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significantly the highest benefit: cost ratio (1.407) was evident in conservation tillage- based minimum tillage”
t0“Effect of tillage, nitrogen and zinc management on yield and yield components of wheat (Triticum aestivum) in North Eastern Plains Zone of India”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen treatment N3 maximized grain yield.
- Taxon
- wheat (Triticum aestivum)Triticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- balanced nitrogen-fertilization treatment Ne0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 4.14 t/ 3 hae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In balanced nitrogen-fertilization treatment N significant and maximum grain yield (4.14 t/ 3 ha)”
t0“Effect of tillage, nitrogen and zinc management on yield and yield components of wheat (Triticum aestivum) in North Eastern Plains Zone of India”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen treatment N3 maximized straw yield.
- Taxon
- wheat (Triticum aestivum)Triticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- straw yielde0
- Value
- 8.39 t/hae0
Not reportedTreatmentComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“straw yield (8.39 t/ha)”
t0“Effect of tillage, nitrogen and zinc management on yield and yield components of wheat (Triticum aestivum) in North Eastern Plains Zone of India”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen treatment N3 maximized gross returns.
- Taxon
- wheat (Triticum aestivum)Triticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- gross returnse0
- Value
- 10,025/hae0
Not reportedTreatmentComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“gross returns ( 10,025/ha) were obtained”
t0“Effect of tillage, nitrogen and zinc management on yield and yield components of wheat (Triticum aestivum) in North Eastern Plains Zone of India”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen treatment N4 maximized available soil N, P, K, and B.
- Taxon
- wheat (Triticum aestivum)Triticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- treatment Ne0
- Outcome
- available N, P, K and B contentse0
- Direction
- maximume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Significant and maximum soil-fertility status was recorded for available N, P, K and B contents in treatment N”
t0“Effect of tillage, nitrogen and zinc management on yield and yield components of wheat (Triticum aestivum) in North Eastern Plains Zone of India”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen treatment N5 had highest net returns.
- Taxon
- wheat (Triticum aestivum)Triticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- treatment Ne0
- Outcome
- net returnse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 62,285/hae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Significantly the highest net returns 4 ( 62,285/ha) and benefit: cost ratio (1.944) were noted in the treatment N”
t0“Effect of tillage, nitrogen and zinc management on yield and yield components of wheat (Triticum aestivum) in North Eastern Plains Zone of India”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen treatment N5 had highest benefit to cost ratio.
- Taxon
- wheat (Triticum aestivum)Triticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- treatment Ne0
- Outcome
- benefit: cost ratioe0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 1.944e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“highest net returns 4 ( 62,285/ha) and benefit: cost ratio (1.944) were noted in the treatment N”
t0“Effect of tillage, nitrogen and zinc management on yield and yield components of wheat (Triticum aestivum) in North Eastern Plains Zone of India”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc foliar spray increased grain yield.
- Taxon
- wheat (Triticum aestivum)Triticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- zinc foliar spraye0
- Outcome
- graine0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 3.86 t/hae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In zinc foliar spray, significantly higher 5 grain (3.86 t/ha)”
t0“Effect of tillage, nitrogen and zinc management on yield and yield components of wheat (Triticum aestivum) in North Eastern Plains Zone of India”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc foliar spray increased straw yield.
- Taxon
- wheat (Triticum aestivum)Triticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- straw yieldse0
- Value
- 7.86 t/hae0
Not reportedTreatmentComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“straw yields (7.86 t/ha)”
t0“Effect of tillage, nitrogen and zinc management on yield and yield components of wheat (Triticum aestivum) in North Eastern Plains Zone of India”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc foliar spray increased gross returns.
- Taxon
- wheat (Triticum aestivum)Triticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- gross returnse0
- Value
- 93,312/hae0
Not reportedTreatmentComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“gross returns ( 93,312/ha)”
t0“Effect of tillage, nitrogen and zinc management on yield and yield components of wheat (Triticum aestivum) in North Eastern Plains Zone of India”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc foliar spray increased net returns.
- Taxon
- wheat (Triticum aestivum)Triticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- net returnse0
- Value
- 53,251/hae0
Not reportedTreatmentComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“net returns ( 53,251/ha)”
t0“Effect of tillage, nitrogen and zinc management on yield and yield components of wheat (Triticum aestivum) in North Eastern Plains Zone of India”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc foliar spray increased benefit to cost ratio.
- Taxon
- wheat (Triticum aestivum)Triticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- benefit: cost ratioe0
- Value
- 1.372e0
Not reportedTreatmentComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“benefit: cost ratio (1.372)”
t0“Effect of tillage, nitrogen and zinc management on yield and yield components of wheat (Triticum aestivum) in North Eastern Plains Zone of India”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc treatment recorded soil nitrogen of 245.54 ppm.
- Taxon
- wheat (Triticum aestivum)Triticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- soil fertility Ne0
- Value
- 245.54 ppme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soil fertility N (245.54 ppm) were recorded in treatment Z”
t0“Effect of tillage, nitrogen and zinc management on yield and yield components of wheat (Triticum aestivum) in North Eastern Plains Zone of India”
Claim · model-written summary
T1N3Z1 interaction increased grain yield.
- Taxon
- wheat (Triticum aestivum)Triticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- T N Z treatmente0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Interaction of T N Z treatment 1 1 3 1 resulted significantly higher grain yield”
t0“Effect of tillage, nitrogen and zinc management on yield and yield components of wheat (Triticum aestivum) in North Eastern Plains Zone of India”
Claim · model-written summary
T1N5Z1 interaction increased net returns.
- Taxon
- wheat (Triticum aestivum)Triticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- T N Ze0
- Outcome
- net returnse0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significantly higher net returns were recorded in T N Z”
t0“Effect of tillage, nitrogen and zinc management on yield and yield components of wheat (Triticum aestivum) in North Eastern Plains Zone of India”
Claim · model-written summary
T2N5Z1 interaction maximized benefit to cost ratio.
- Taxon
- wheat (Triticum aestivum)Triticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- T N Ze0
- Outcome
- benefit: cost ratioe0
- Direction
- maximume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“benefit: cost ratio was maximum in interaction of T N Z”
t0“Effect of tillage, nitrogen and zinc management on yield and yield components of wheat (Triticum aestivum) in North Eastern Plains Zone of India”
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