Abstract
Abstract Plants are frequently exposed to prolonged and intense drought events. To survive, species must implement strategies to overcome progressive drought while maintaining sufficient resources to sustain the recovery of functions. Our objective was to understand how stress rate development modulates energy reserves and affects the recovery process. Grenache Vitis vinifera cultivar was exposed to either fast‐developing drought (within few days; FDD), typical of pot experiments, or slow‐developing drought (few weeks, SDD), more typical for natural conditions. FDD was characterized by fast (2–3 days) stomatal closure in response to increased stress level, high abscisic acid (ABA) accumulation in xylem sap (>400 μg L −1 ) without the substantial changes associated with stem priming for recovery (no accumulation of sugar or drop in xylem sap pH). In contrast, SDD was characterized by gradual stomatal closure, low ABA accumulation (<100 μg L −1 ) and changes that primed the stem for recovery (xylem sap acidification from 6 to 5.5 pH and sugar accumulation from 1 to 3 g L −1 ). Despite FDD and SDD demonstrating similar trends over time in the recovery of stomatal conductance, they differed in their sensitivity to xylem ABA. Grenache showed near‐isohydric and near‐anisohydric behavior depending on the rate of drought progression, gauging the risk between hydraulic integrity and photosynthetic gain. The isohydry observed during FDD could potentially provide protection from large sudden swings in tension, while transitioning to anisohydry during SDD could prioritize the maintenance of photosynthetic activity over hydraulic security.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Fast-developing drought caused fast (2-3 days) stomatal closure in response to increased stress.
- Taxon
- Vitis vinifera
Vitis viniferae0 - Material
- Grenachee0
- Treatment
- fast‐developing droughte0
- Outcome
- stomatal closuree1
- Value
- 2–3 dayse1
- Comparator
- slow‐developing droughte0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grenache Vitis vinifera cultivar was exposed to either fast‐developing drought (within few days; FDD), typical of pot experiments, or slow‐developing drought (few weeks, SDD), more typical for natural conditions”
e1“FDD was characterized by fast (2–3 days) stomatal closure in response to increased stress level”
Claim · model-written summary
Fast-developing drought gave high ABA accumulation in xylem sap (>400 μg/L).
- Taxon
- Vitis viniferaVitis viniferae0
- Material
- Grenachee0
- Treatment
- fast‐developing droughte0
- Outcome
- abscisic acid (ABA) accumulation in xylem sape1
- Direction
- highe1
- Value
- >400 μg L −1e1
- Comparator
- slow‐developing droughte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grenache Vitis vinifera cultivar was exposed to either fast‐developing drought (within few days; FDD), typical of pot experiments, or slow‐developing drought (few weeks, SDD), more typical for natural conditions”
e1“high abscisic acid (ABA) accumulation in xylem sap (>400 μg L −1 )”
Claim · model-written summary
Fast-developing drought without the substantial changes of stem priming for recovery: no sugar accumulation and no drop in xylem sap pH.
- Taxon
- Vitis viniferaVitis viniferae0
- Material
- Grenachee0
- Treatment
- fast‐developing droughte0
- Outcome
- accumulation of sugare1
- Comparator
- slow‐developing droughte0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grenache Vitis vinifera cultivar was exposed to either fast‐developing drought (within few days; FDD), typical of pot experiments, or slow‐developing drought (few weeks, SDD), more typical for natural conditions”
e1“without the substantial changes associated with stem priming for recovery (no accumulation of sugar or drop in xylem sap pH)”
Claim · model-written summary
Slow-developing drought caused gradual stomatal closure.
- Taxon
- Vitis viniferaVitis viniferae0
- Material
- Grenachee0
- Treatment
- slow‐developing droughte0
- Outcome
- stomatal closuree1
- Comparator
- fast‐developing droughte0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grenache Vitis vinifera cultivar was exposed to either fast‐developing drought (within few days; FDD), typical of pot experiments, or slow‐developing drought (few weeks, SDD), more typical for natural conditions”
e1“SDD was characterized by gradual stomatal closure”
Claim · model-written summary
Slow-developing drought gave low ABA accumulation in xylem sap (<100 μg/L).
- Taxon
- Vitis viniferaVitis viniferae0
- Material
- Grenachee0
- Treatment
- slow‐developing droughte0
- Outcome
- ABA accumulatione1
- Direction
- lowe1
- Value
- <100 μg L −1e1
- Comparator
- fast‐developing droughte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grenache Vitis vinifera cultivar was exposed to either fast‐developing drought (within few days; FDD), typical of pot experiments, or slow‐developing drought (few weeks, SDD), more typical for natural conditions”
e1“low ABA accumulation (<100 μg L −1 )”
Claim · model-written summary
Slow-developing drought acidified xylem sap from pH 6 to 5.5, priming the stem for recovery.
- Taxon
- Vitis viniferaVitis viniferae0
- Material
- Grenachee0
- Treatment
- slow‐developing droughte0
- Outcome
- xylem sap acidificatione1
- Direction
- acidificatione1
- Value
- from 6 to 5.5 pHe1
- Comparator
- fast‐developing droughte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grenache Vitis vinifera cultivar was exposed to either fast‐developing drought (within few days; FDD), typical of pot experiments, or slow‐developing drought (few weeks, SDD), more typical for natural conditions”
e1“xylem sap acidification from 6 to 5.5 pH and sugar accumulation from 1 to 3 g L −1”
Claim · model-written summary
Slow-developing drought raised xylem sap sugar from 1 to 3 g/L, priming the stem for recovery.
- Taxon
- Vitis viniferaVitis viniferae0
- Material
- Grenachee0
- Treatment
- slow‐developing droughte0
- Outcome
- sugar accumulatione1
- Direction
- accumulatione1
- Value
- from 1 to 3 g L −1e1
- Comparator
- fast‐developing droughte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grenache Vitis vinifera cultivar was exposed to either fast‐developing drought (within few days; FDD), typical of pot experiments, or slow‐developing drought (few weeks, SDD), more typical for natural conditions”
e1“xylem sap acidification from 6 to 5.5 pH and sugar accumulation from 1 to 3 g L −1”
Claim · model-written summary
Fast and slow drought gave similar trends over time in the recovery of stomatal conductance.
- Taxon
- Vitis viniferaVitis viniferae0
- Treatment
- FDD and SDDe1
- Outcome
- recovery of stomatal conductancee1
- Direction
- similar trendse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grenache Vitis vinifera cultivar was exposed to either fast‐developing drought (within few days; FDD), typical of pot experiments, or slow‐developing drought (few weeks, SDD), more typical for natural conditions”
e1“FDD and SDD demonstrating similar trends over time in the recovery of stomatal conductance”
Claim · model-written summary
Fast and slow drought differed in sensitivity to xylem ABA.
- Taxon
- Vitis viniferaVitis viniferae0
- Treatment
- FDD and SDDe1
- Outcome
- sensitivity to xylem ABAe2
- Direction
- differede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grenache Vitis vinifera cultivar was exposed to either fast‐developing drought (within few days; FDD), typical of pot experiments, or slow‐developing drought (few weeks, SDD), more typical for natural conditions”
e1“FDD and SDD demonstrating similar trends over time in the recovery of stomatal conductance”
e2“they differed in their sensitivity to xylem ABA”
Claim · model-written summary
Grenache showed near-isohydric and near-anisohydric behavior depending on the rate of drought progression.
- Taxon
- Vitis viniferaVitis viniferae0
- Material
- Grenachee1
- Outcome
- near‐isohydric and near‐anisohydric behaviore1
- Setting
- depending on the rate of drought progressione1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grenache Vitis vinifera cultivar was exposed to either fast‐developing drought (within few days; FDD), typical of pot experiments, or slow‐developing drought (few weeks, SDD), more typical for natural conditions”
e1“Grenache showed near‐isohydric and near‐anisohydric behavior depending on the rate of drought progression”
Claim · model-written summary
Isohydry during fast-developing drought could potentially protect against large sudden swings in tension.
- Taxon
- Vitis viniferaVitis viniferae0
- Treatment
- FDDe1
- Outcome
- protection from large sudden swings in tensione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grenache Vitis vinifera cultivar was exposed to either fast‐developing drought (within few days; FDD), typical of pot experiments, or slow‐developing drought (few weeks, SDD), more typical for natural conditions”
e1“The isohydry observed during FDD could potentially provide protection from large sudden swings in tension”
Claim · model-written summary
Transition to anisohydry during slow-developing drought could prioritize maintenance of photosynthetic activity over hydraulic security.
- Taxon
- Vitis viniferaVitis viniferae0
- Treatment
- SDDe1
- Outcome
- maintenance of photosynthetic activitye1
- Qualifier
- over hydraulic securitye1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grenache Vitis vinifera cultivar was exposed to either fast‐developing drought (within few days; FDD), typical of pot experiments, or slow‐developing drought (few weeks, SDD), more typical for natural conditions”
e1“transitioning to anisohydry during SDD could prioritize the maintenance of photosynthetic activity over hydraulic security”
The same questions in other papers
drought · molecular: metabolites · Vitis vinifera (wine grape)Positive and negative results
12 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
- no effect
15 papers more in this group
See all 19 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.