Abstract
The use of nanoparticles in fertilisation has confirmed positive effects on plant growth and yield. Simultaneously, there is still little research into the effects of nanoparticles on the antioxidant system of plants. Due to the positive effect of nano zinc oxide on plants and the special property of nano zero-valent iron, these particles were selected for the research. The nano zero-valent iron is crucial for plants as it is present in agglomerations on the surface of roots where it increases the absorptive surface of the rhizosphere and causes elongation of the roots. The study aims to determine the influence of selected nanoparticles as a potential improvement for conventional fertilisation by magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N). After the cultivation, the influence of nanoparticles on the accumulation of macronutrients in plant tissues, biometric parameters, and physiological response (chlorophyll and antioxidant system) of radish (Raphanus sativus) were assessed. The solution used in this study helped to increase the content of nitrates (V) in radish roots by 31.7–73.2% compared to conventional fertilisation. Nevertheless, nanoparticles supplementation resulted in a decrease in the concentrations of magnesium, iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) in plants. The high dose of used fertilisers increased the thickness and length of tubers by approximately 50.0%, compared to the control samples. The “Macro 2 + nano” variant caused an increase of plant biomass up to 70.0%. The analysis of the antioxidant system showed that the application of macronutrients with nanoparticles increased the concentration of polyphenols in plant tubers by 46.0–55.6%. Interestingly, while implemented conditions caused a 1.5-fold increase in CAT activity in leaves, at the same time the decrease in CAT activity in plant roots was observed. Based on the obtained results of the enzymatic antioxidant system and biometric parameters of plants, it can be concluded that (in laboratory conditions) nZVI and nanoZnO are efficient components of fertilisers. However, the effects on other organisms must be investigated before implementing a method for widespread use.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Nanoparticle supplementation increased nitrate content in radish roots by 31.7–73.2% versus conventional fertilisation.
- Taxon
- radish
Raphanus sativuse0 - Treatment
- The solution used in this studye0
- Outcome
- content of nitrates (V) in radish rootse0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 31.7–73.2%e0
- Comparator
- conventional fertilisatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The solution used in this study helped to increase the content of nitrates (V) in radish roots by 31.7–73.2% compared to conventional fertilisation.”
Claim · model-written summary
Nanoparticle supplementation decreased magnesium, iron and zinc concentrations in plants.
- Taxon
- radishRaphanus sativuse2
- Treatment
- nanoparticles supplementatione0
- Outcome
- concentrations of magnesium, iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) in plantse0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“nanoparticles supplementation resulted in a decrease in the concentrations of magnesium, iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) in plants.”
t0“Raphanus sativus var. sativus”
e2“After the cultivation, the influence of nanoparticles on the accumulation of macronutrients in plant tissues, biometric parameters, and physiological response (chlorophyll and antioxidant system) of radish (Raphanus sativus) were assessed.”
Claim · model-written summary
The high fertiliser dose increased tuber thickness and length by approximately 50.0% versus controls.
- Taxon
- Raphanus sativus var. sativus
.jpg?width=60)
Raphanus sativus var. sativust0 - Organ / stage
- tuberse0
- Treatment
- The high dose of used fertiliserse0
- Outcome
- thickness and length of tuberse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- approximately 50.0%e0
- Comparator
- control samplese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“The high dose of used fertilisers increased the thickness and length of tubers by approximately 50.0%, compared to the control samples.”
t0“Raphanus sativus var. sativus”
Claim · model-written summary
The Macro 2 + nano variant increased plant biomass up to 70.0%.
- Taxon
- Raphanus sativus var. sativusRaphanus sativus var. sativust0
- Treatment
- Macro 2 + nanoe0
- Outcome
- plant biomasse0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 70.0%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The “Macro 2 + nano” variant caused an increase of plant biomass up to 70.0%.”
t0“Raphanus sativus var. sativus”
Claim · model-written summary
Macronutrients with nanoparticles increased tuber polyphenol concentration by 46.0–55.6%.
- Taxon
- Raphanus sativus var. sativusRaphanus sativus var. sativust0
- Organ / stage
- plant tuberse0
- Treatment
- application of macronutrients with nanoparticlese0
- Outcome
- concentration of polyphenols in plant tuberse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 46.0–55.6%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the application of macronutrients with nanoparticles increased the concentration of polyphenols in plant tubers by 46.0–55.6%.”
t0“Raphanus sativus var. sativus”
Claim · model-written summary
The implemented conditions increased leaf CAT activity 1.5-fold.
- Taxon
- Raphanus sativus var. sativusRaphanus sativus var. sativust0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- implemented conditionse0
- Gene
- CATe0
- Outcome
- CAT activity in leavese0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 1.5-folde0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“implemented conditions caused a 1.5-fold increase in CAT activity in leaves”
t0“Raphanus sativus var. sativus”
Claim · model-written summary
The implemented conditions decreased root CAT activity.
- Taxon
- Raphanus sativus var. sativusRaphanus sativus var. sativust0
- Organ / stage
- plant rootse0
- Treatment
- implemented conditionse0
- Gene
- CATe0
- Outcome
- CAT activity in plant rootse0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“while implemented conditions caused a 1.5-fold increase in CAT activity in leaves, at the same time the decrease in CAT activity in plant roots was observed.”
t0“Raphanus sativus var. sativus”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that nZVI and nanoZnO are efficient fertiliser components under laboratory conditions.
- Taxon
- Raphanus sativus var. sativusRaphanus sativus var. sativust0
- Outcome
- nZVI and nanoZnO are efficient components of fertiliserse0
- Setting
- laboratory conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it can be concluded that (in laboratory conditions) nZVI and nanoZnO are efficient components of fertilisers.”
t0“Raphanus sativus var. sativus”
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