Abstract
Abstract Heavy metals stress particularly cadmium contamination is hotspot among researchers and considered highly destructive for both plants and human health. Iron is examined as most crucial element for plant development, but it is available in inadequate amount because they are present in insoluble Fe 3+ form in soil. Fe 3 O 4 have been recently found as growth promoting factor in plants. To understand, a sand pot experiment was conducted in completely randomized design (control, cadmium, 20 mg/L Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles,40 mg/L Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles, 20 mg/L Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles + cadmium, 40 mg/L Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles + cadmium) to study the mitigating role of Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles on cadmium stress in three Raphanus sativus c ultivars namely i.e., MOL SANO, MOL HOL PARI, MOL DAQ WAL. The plant growth, physiological and biochemical parameters i.e.,shoot length, shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight, root length, root fresh and dry weight, MDA content, soluble protein contents, APX, CAT, POD activities and ion concentrations, membrane permeability, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and anthocyanin content, respectively were studied. The results displayed that cadmium stress remarkably reduces all growth, physiological and biochemical parameters for allcultivars under investigation. However, Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles mitigated the adverse effect of cadmium by improving growth, biochemical and physiological attributes in all radish cultivars. While, 20 mg/L Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles have been proved to be more useful against cadmium stress. The outcome of present investigation displayed that Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles can be utilized for mitigating heavy metal stress.
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Claims 4
Claim · model-written summary
Cadmium stress reduced growth, physiological, and biochemical parameters in all studied radish cultivars.
- Taxon
- radish
Raphanus sativust0 - Treatment
- cadmium stresse0
- Outcome
- growth, physiological and biochemical parameterse0
- Direction
- reducese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cadmium stress remarkably reduces all growth, physiological and biochemical parameters for allcultivars under investigation.”
t0“radish (Raphanus sativus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Fe3O4 nanoparticles improved growth, biochemical, and physiological attributes of all radish cultivars under cadmium stress.
- Taxon
- radishRaphanus sativuse0
- Treatment
- Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticlese0
- Outcome
- growth, biochemical and physiological attributese0
- Direction
- improvinge0
- Comparator
- cadmiume0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles mitigated the adverse effect of cadmium by improving growth, biochemical and physiological attributes in all radish cultivars.”
Claim · model-written summary
The 20 mg/L Fe3O4 nanoparticle treatment was more useful against cadmium stress than the tested alternative.
- Taxon
- radishRaphanus sativust0
- Treatment
- 20 mg/L Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticlese0
- Outcome
- more useful against cadmium stresse0
- Direction
- more usefule0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“20 mg/L Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles have been proved to be more useful against cadmium stress.”
t0“radish (Raphanus sativus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend Fe3O4 nanoparticles to mitigate heavy metal stress in radish.
- Taxon
- radishRaphanus sativust0
- Outcome
- mitigating heavy metal stresse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles can be utilized for mitigating heavy metal stress.”
t0“radish (Raphanus sativus L.)”
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