Abstract
Abstract To identify the detrimental effects of excess copper in radish (Raphanus sativus) cv. Jaunpuri, plants were grown in refined sand at control (0.001) and 0.1 and 0.2 mM (excess) copper (Cu) supplied as Cu sulphate. Previously plants were maintained for 24 days in complete nutrient solution and on the 25th day, excess Cu was superimposed. After 6 days of metal supply, the visible effects of excess Cu appeared as retardation in growth and interveinal chlorosis of young leaves; chlorosis intensified later with the development of irregular brown spots on lamina. Excess Cu not only reduced the size of leaves but also affected adversely the root development. In radish, Cu toxicity decreased the fresh weight, biomass, root weight, concentrations of total and active iron, chlorophyll, activities of antioxidative enzymes catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POX), starch phosphorylase (ST) and acid phosphatase (AP) with concomitant increase in Cu accumulation in different parts. These effects were more pronounced at 0.2 than 0.1 mM Cu.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Excess copper retarded radish growth and caused interveinal chlorosis of young leaves.
- Taxon
- radish
Raphanus sativuse1 - Material
- Jaunpurie1
- Treatment
- excess Cue0
- Outcome
- retardation in growth and interveinal chlorosis of young leavese0
- Comparator
- control (0.001)e1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the visible effects of excess Cu appeared as retardation in growth and interveinal chlorosis of young leaves”
e1“radish (Raphanus sativus) cv. Jaunpuri, plants were grown in refined sand at control (0.001) and 0.1 and 0.2 mM (excess) copper (Cu)”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorosis intensified and irregular brown spots developed on the leaf lamina later.
- Taxon
- radishRaphanus sativuse1
- Material
- Jaunpurie1
- Outcome
- chlorosis intensified later with the development of irregular brown spots on laminae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“chlorosis intensified later with the development of irregular brown spots on lamina”
e1“radish (Raphanus sativus) cv. Jaunpuri”
Claim · model-written summary
Excess copper reduced radish leaf size.
- Taxon
- radishRaphanus sativuse1
- Treatment
- Excess Cue0
- Outcome
- size of leavese0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- control (0.001)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Excess Cu not only reduced the size of leaves”
e1“radish (Raphanus sativus) cv. Jaunpuri, plants were grown in refined sand at control (0.001) and 0.1 and 0.2 mM (excess) copper (Cu)”
Claim · model-written summary
Excess copper adversely affected radish root development.
- Taxon
- radishRaphanus sativuse1
- Treatment
- excess) coppere1
- Outcome
- root developmente0
- Comparator
- control (0.001)e1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“affected adversely the root development”
e1“radish (Raphanus sativus) cv. Jaunpuri, plants were grown in refined sand at control (0.001) and 0.1 and 0.2 mM (excess) copper (Cu)”
Claim · model-written summary
Copper toxicity decreased radish fresh weight, biomass and root weight.
- Taxon
- radishRaphanus sativuse0
- Treatment
- Cu toxicitye0
- Outcome
- fresh weight, biomass, root weighte0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- control (0.001)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In radish, Cu toxicity decreased the fresh weight, biomass, root weight, concentrations of total and active iron, chlorophyll, activities of antioxidative enzymes catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POX), starch phosphorylase (ST) and acid phosphatase (AP) with concomitant increase in Cu accumulation in different parts.”
e1“control (0.001) and 0.1 and 0.2 mM (excess) copper (Cu)”
Claim · model-written summary
Copper toxicity decreased total and active iron concentrations and chlorophyll.
- Taxon
- radishRaphanus sativuse0
- Treatment
- Cu toxicitye0
- Outcome
- concentrations of total and active iron, chlorophylle0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- control (0.001)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In radish, Cu toxicity decreased the fresh weight, biomass, root weight, concentrations of total and active iron, chlorophyll, activities of antioxidative enzymes catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POX), starch phosphorylase (ST) and acid phosphatase (AP) with concomitant increase in Cu accumulation in different parts.”
e1“control (0.001) and 0.1 and 0.2 mM (excess) copper (Cu)”
Claim · model-written summary
Copper toxicity decreased activities of catalase, peroxidase and starch phosphorylase.
- Taxon
- radishRaphanus sativuse0
- Treatment
- Cu toxicitye0
- Outcome
- activities of antioxidative enzymes catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POX), starch phosphorylase (ST)e0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- control (0.001)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In radish, Cu toxicity decreased the fresh weight, biomass, root weight, concentrations of total and active iron, chlorophyll, activities of antioxidative enzymes catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POX), starch phosphorylase (ST) and acid phosphatase (AP) with concomitant increase in Cu accumulation in different parts.”
e1“control (0.001) and 0.1 and 0.2 mM (excess) copper (Cu)”
Claim · model-written summary
Copper toxicity decreased acid phosphatase activity.
- Taxon
- radishRaphanus sativuse0
- Treatment
- Cu toxicitye0
- Outcome
- acid phosphatase (AP)e0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- control (0.001)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In radish, Cu toxicity decreased the fresh weight, biomass, root weight, concentrations of total and active iron, chlorophyll, activities of antioxidative enzymes catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POX), starch phosphorylase (ST) and acid phosphatase (AP) with concomitant increase in Cu accumulation in different parts.”
e1“control (0.001) and 0.1 and 0.2 mM (excess) copper (Cu)”
Claim · model-written summary
Copper accumulation increased in different radish parts under copper toxicity.
- Taxon
- radishRaphanus sativuse0
- Treatment
- Cu toxicitye0
- Outcome
- Cu accumulation in different partse0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Comparator
- control (0.001)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In radish, Cu toxicity decreased the fresh weight, biomass, root weight, concentrations of total and active iron, chlorophyll, activities of antioxidative enzymes catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POX), starch phosphorylase (ST) and acid phosphatase (AP) with concomitant increase in Cu accumulation in different parts.”
e1“control (0.001) and 0.1 and 0.2 mM (excess) copper (Cu)”
Claim · model-written summary
Copper toxicity effects were more pronounced at 0.2 than 0.1 mM Cu.
- Taxon
- radishRaphanus sativuse1
- Treatment
- 0.2e0
- Outcome
- These effectse0
- Direction
- more pronouncede0
- Comparator
- 0.1 mM Cue0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These effects were more pronounced at 0.2 than 0.1 mM Cu.”
e1“radish (Raphanus sativus) cv. Jaunpuri”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.