Abstract
Abstract A field study was carried out in unheated plastic house A field study was carried out in the unheated greenhouses of the Department of Horticulture and Landscaping at the College of Agriculture, University of Anbar, at longitude 43.31 and latitude 33.42, to evaluate the effect of adding levels of organic manure (poultry manure) to the soil (weight to weight) and foliar application by spraying liquorice and bread yeast extract on cucumber growth and yield. The study included adding poultry manure to the soil at three levels, 2, 3 and 5%, with spraying two concentrations of liquorice, 2.5 and 5 g liter -1 , with or without bread yeast extract 1:10, in addition to control treatment (without addition), and the mineral fertilization treatment according to the fertilizer recommendation. The experiment was carried out according to a Randomized Complete Block Design (R.C.B.D) with three replications, and the treatments means were compared using Least Significant Difference Test (L.S.D) at the probability level of 0.05. The results showed that: organic fertilization of poultry manure 2% + liquorice extract 5 g. L -1 recorded a highest leaf area 1435.9 dcm 2 , and highest plant height (190.0 cm). While the use of poultry manure 3% + liquorice extract 5 g. Liter -1 gave the highest relative content of chlorophyll in leaves (84.47 Spad), whereas the control treatment gave the highest percentage of dry matter in the plant (12.54%). The treatment of poultry manure 2% + liquorice extract 2.5 g. Liter -1 gave the largest number of fruits (14.5 fruits plant -1 ), the highest yield per plant (1.228 kg. plant -1 , the highest total yield of 1.228 tons Plastic house -1 , and the lowest nitrates concentration in fruits (9.541 mg kg -1 ). whereas the treatment of poultry manure 2% + liquorice extract 2.5 g. 1 liter-+ bread yeast extract 10:1. gave the highest fruit weight of 88.76 g. The treatment of poultry manure 5% + liquorice extract 2.5 g. Liter -1 achieved the highest nitrogen concentration of 1.758%, and the highest potassium concentration of 6.200% in the fruits. While the treatment of poultry manure 5% + liquorice extract 2.5 g. Liter -1 + bread yeast extract 10:1 gave the highest phosphorous percentage of 0.850% in fruits.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Poultry manure 2% with liquorice extract 5 g/L gave the highest cucumber leaf area.
- Taxon
- Cucumbers
Cucumis sativust0 - Treatment
- poultry manure 2% + liquorice extract 5 g. L -1e1
- Outcome
- leaf areae1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Value
- 1435.9 dcm 2e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Growth and Yield Properties of Cucumbers”
e1“organic fertilization of poultry manure 2% + liquorice extract 5 g. L -1 recorded a highest leaf area 1435.9 dcm 2 , and highest plant height (190.0 cm)”
Claim · model-written summary
Poultry manure 2% with liquorice extract 5 g/L gave the highest cucumber plant height.
- Taxon
- CucumbersCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- poultry manure 2% + liquorice extract 5 g. L -1e1
- Outcome
- plant heighte1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Value
- 190.0 cme1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Growth and Yield Properties of Cucumbers”
e1“organic fertilization of poultry manure 2% + liquorice extract 5 g. L -1 recorded a highest leaf area 1435.9 dcm 2 , and highest plant height (190.0 cm)”
Claim · model-written summary
Poultry manure 3% with liquorice extract 5 g/L gave the highest relative leaf chlorophyll content.
- Taxon
- CucumbersCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- poultry manure 3% + liquorice extract 5 g. Liter -1e2
- Outcome
- relative content of chlorophyll in leavese2
- Direction
- higheste2
- Value
- 84.47 Spade2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Growth and Yield Properties of Cucumbers”
e2“While the use of poultry manure 3% + liquorice extract 5 g. Liter -1 gave the highest relative content of chlorophyll in leaves (84.47 Spad)”
Claim · model-written summary
The control treatment gave the highest plant dry matter percentage.
- Taxon
- CucumbersCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- control treatmente3
- Outcome
- percentage of dry matter in the plante3
- Direction
- higheste3
- Value
- 12.54%e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Growth and Yield Properties of Cucumbers”
e3“whereas the control treatment gave the highest percentage of dry matter in the plant (12.54%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Poultry manure 2% with liquorice extract 2.5 g/L gave the largest number of fruits per plant.
- Taxon
- CucumbersCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- poultry manure 2% + liquorice extract 2.5 g. Liter -1e4
- Outcome
- number of fruitse4
- Direction
- largeste4
- Value
- 14.5 fruits plant -1e4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Growth and Yield Properties of Cucumbers”
e4“The treatment of poultry manure 2% + liquorice extract 2.5 g. Liter -1 gave the largest number of fruits (14.5 fruits plant -1 ), the highest yield per plant (1.228 kg. plant -1 , the highest total yield of 1.228 tons Plastic house -1 , and the lowest nitrates concentration in fruits (9.541 mg kg -1 )”
Claim · model-written summary
Poultry manure 2% with liquorice extract 2.5 g/L gave the highest yield per plant.
- Taxon
- CucumbersCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- poultry manure 2% + liquorice extract 2.5 g. Liter -1e4
- Outcome
- yield per plante4
- Direction
- higheste4
- Value
- 1.228 kg. plant -1e4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Growth and Yield Properties of Cucumbers”
e4“The treatment of poultry manure 2% + liquorice extract 2.5 g. Liter -1 gave the largest number of fruits (14.5 fruits plant -1 ), the highest yield per plant (1.228 kg. plant -1 , the highest total yield of 1.228 tons Plastic house -1 , and the lowest nitrates concentration in fruits (9.541 mg kg -1 )”
Claim · model-written summary
Poultry manure 2% with liquorice extract 2.5 g/L gave the highest total yield per plastic house.
- Taxon
- CucumbersCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- poultry manure 2% + liquorice extract 2.5 g. Liter -1e4
- Outcome
- total yielde4
- Direction
- higheste4
- Value
- 1.228 tons Plastic house -1e4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Growth and Yield Properties of Cucumbers”
e4“The treatment of poultry manure 2% + liquorice extract 2.5 g. Liter -1 gave the largest number of fruits (14.5 fruits plant -1 ), the highest yield per plant (1.228 kg. plant -1 , the highest total yield of 1.228 tons Plastic house -1 , and the lowest nitrates concentration in fruits (9.541 mg kg -1 )”
Claim · model-written summary
Poultry manure 2% with liquorice extract 2.5 g/L gave the lowest nitrate concentration in fruits.
- Taxon
- CucumbersCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- poultry manure 2% + liquorice extract 2.5 g. Liter -1e4
- Outcome
- nitrates concentration in fruitse4
- Direction
- loweste4
- Value
- 9.541 mg kg -1e4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Growth and Yield Properties of Cucumbers”
e4“The treatment of poultry manure 2% + liquorice extract 2.5 g. Liter -1 gave the largest number of fruits (14.5 fruits plant -1 ), the highest yield per plant (1.228 kg. plant -1 , the highest total yield of 1.228 tons Plastic house -1 , and the lowest nitrates concentration in fruits (9.541 mg kg -1 )”
Claim · model-written summary
Poultry manure 2% with liquorice extract 2.5 g/L plus yeast extract gave the highest fruit weight.
- Taxon
- CucumbersCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- poultry manure 2% + liquorice extract 2.5 g. 1 liter-+ bread yeast extract 10:1e5
- Outcome
- fruit weighte5
- Direction
- higheste5
- Value
- 88.76 ge5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Growth and Yield Properties of Cucumbers”
e5“whereas the treatment of poultry manure 2% + liquorice extract 2.5 g. 1 liter-+ bread yeast extract 10:1. gave the highest fruit weight of 88.76 g”
Claim · model-written summary
Poultry manure 5% with liquorice extract 2.5 g/L gave the highest fruit nitrogen concentration.
- Taxon
- CucumbersCucumis sativust0
- Organ / stage
- fruitse6
- Treatment
- poultry manure 5% + liquorice extract 2.5 g. Liter -1e6
- Outcome
- nitrogen concentratione6
- Direction
- higheste6
- Value
- 1.758%e6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Growth and Yield Properties of Cucumbers”
e6“The treatment of poultry manure 5% + liquorice extract 2.5 g. Liter -1 achieved the highest nitrogen concentration of 1.758%, and the highest potassium concentration of 6.200% in the fruits”
Claim · model-written summary
Poultry manure 5% with liquorice extract 2.5 g/L gave the highest fruit potassium concentration.
- Taxon
- CucumbersCucumis sativust0
- Organ / stage
- fruitse6
- Treatment
- poultry manure 5% + liquorice extract 2.5 g. Liter -1e6
- Outcome
- potassium concentratione6
- Direction
- higheste6
- Value
- 6.200%e6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Growth and Yield Properties of Cucumbers”
e6“The treatment of poultry manure 5% + liquorice extract 2.5 g. Liter -1 achieved the highest nitrogen concentration of 1.758%, and the highest potassium concentration of 6.200% in the fruits”
Claim · model-written summary
Poultry manure 5% with liquorice extract 2.5 g/L plus yeast extract gave the highest fruit phosphorus percentage.
- Taxon
- CucumbersCucumis sativust0
- Organ / stage
- fruitse7
- Treatment
- poultry manure 5% + liquorice extract 2.5 g. Liter -1 + bread yeast extract 10:1e7
- Outcome
- phosphorous percentagee7
- Direction
- higheste7
- Value
- 0.850%e7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Growth and Yield Properties of Cucumbers”
e7“While the treatment of poultry manure 5% + liquorice extract 2.5 g. Liter -1 + bread yeast extract 10:1 gave the highest phosphorous percentage of 0.850% in fruits”
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