Abstract
The effects of proline and/or glycine betaine (GB) application on growth, photosynthetic pigments, H2O2 content, and activities of antioxidant enzymes in rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. KDML105) under salt stress were investigated. The H2O2 content and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) but not catalase (CAT) increased under salinity. Under 160 mM NaCl, the CAT activity was maintained on the pre-stress level in the presence of proline, whereas in the presence of GB, the GR activity increased more than without GB application. A co-application of 30 mM proline and 1 mM GB did not reduce the increase in H2O2 caused by the NaCl stress more than applying each of the osmoprotectants and no synergistic effect on the antioxidant enzymes was observed. However, the application of both the osmoprotectants was the most effective in alleviating degradation of photosynthetic pigments.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity increased rice H2O2 content and SOD and GR activity.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- salinitye0
- Outcome
- H2O2 content and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The H2O2 content and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) but not catalase (CAT) increased under salinity”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity increased APX but not CAT activity.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- salinitye0
- Outcome
- ascorbate peroxidase (APX) but not catalase (CAT)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ascorbate peroxidase (APX) but not catalase (CAT) increased under salinity”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
With proline under 160 mM NaCl, CAT activity stayed at the pre-stress level.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- prolinee0
- Outcome
- CAT activitye0
- Direction
- maintainede0
- Qualifier
- 160 mM NaCle0
- Comparator
- pre-stress levele0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under 160 mM NaCl, the CAT activity was maintained on the pre-stress level in the presence of proline”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
GB increased GR activity under salt relative to no GB application.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- GBe0
- Outcome
- GR activitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- without GB applicatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in the presence of GB, the GR activity increased more than without GB application”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined proline and GB did not reduce H2O2 more than either alone.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- co-application of 30 mM proline and 1 mM GBe0
- Outcome
- increase in H2O2e0
- Direction
- did not reducee0
- Comparator
- applying each of the osmoprotectantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A co-application of 30 mM proline and 1 mM GB did not reduce the increase in H2O2 caused by the NaCl stress more than applying each of the osmoprotectants”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined osmoprotectants had no synergistic effect on antioxidant enzymes.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- co-application of 30 mM proline and 1 mM GBe0
- Outcome
- synergistic effect on the antioxidant enzymese0
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A co-application of 30 mM proline and 1 mM GB did not reduce the increase in H2O2 caused by the NaCl stress more than applying each of the osmoprotectants and no synergistic effect on the antioxidant enzymes was observed”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Both osmoprotectants together best alleviated photosynthetic pigment degradation.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- application of both the osmoprotectantse0
- Outcome
- degradation of photosynthetic pigmentse0
- Direction
- most effectivee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the application of both the osmoprotectants was the most effective in alleviating degradation of photosynthetic pigments”
t0“rice”
The same questions in other papers
proline · physiology: antioxidant enzymes · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- positive
- positive
proline · physiology: oxidative · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
3 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
glycine betaine · physiology: oxidative · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
5 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →glycine betaine · physiology: antioxidant enzymes · Oryza sativa (rice)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
salinity · physiology: antioxidant enzymes · Oryza sativa (rice)Results differ
24 papers in the same direction as this paper · 18 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
39 papers more in this group
See all 43 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.