Abstract
The formation of aerenchyma in adventitious roots is one of the most crucial adaptive traits for waterlogging tolerance in plants. Pasture grasses, like other crops, can be affected by waterlogging, and there is scope to improve tolerance through breeding. In this study, two summer-active cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L.) cultivars, Lazuly and Porto, and two summer-active tall fescue (Lolium arundinaceum Schreb., syn. Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) cultivars, Hummer and Quantum II MaxP, were selected to investigate the effects of waterlogging on root growth and morphological change. Cultivars were subjected to four periods of waterlogging treatments (7, 14, 21 and 28 days), while comparable plants were kept under free drained control conditions. The experiment was arranged as a split–split plot design, with waterlogging treatments (waterlogged, control) considered as main plots, time periods (days of waterlogging) as subplots and cultivars as sub-subplots. Plants began to show signs of waterlogging stress 14–21 days after the onset of waterlogging treatments. There were no significant differences in shoot biomass between the waterlogged and control plants of any cultivar. However, waterlogging significantly reduced root dry matter in all cultivars, with greater reduction in cocksfoot (56%) than in tall fescue (38%). Waterlogging also led to increased adventitious root and aerenchyma formation in both species. Cocksfoot cultivars showed a greater increase in adventitious roots, while tall fescue cultivars had a greater proportion of aerenchyma. Both cultivars within each species showed similar responses to waterlogging treatments. However, an extended screening program is needed to identify whether there are varietal differences within species, which could be used to discover genes related to aerenchyma or adventitious root formation (waterlogging tolerance) for use in breeding programs.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Waterlogging did not change shoot biomass of cocksfoot cultivars.
- Taxon
- cocksfoot
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Dactylis glomeratae0 - Treatment
- waterlogging treatmentse1
- Outcome
- shoot biomasse2
- Direction
- no significant differencese2
- Comparator
- control plantse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“two summer-active cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L.) cultivars, Lazuly and Porto, and two summer-active tall fescue (Lolium arundinaceum Schreb., syn. Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) cultivars, Hummer and Quantum II MaxP”
e1“Cultivars were subjected to four periods of waterlogging treatments (7, 14, 21 and 28 days), while comparable plants were kept under free drained control conditions”
e2“There were no significant differences in shoot biomass between the waterlogged and control plants of any cultivar”
Claim · model-written summary
Waterlogging did not change shoot biomass of tall fescue cultivars.
- Taxon
- tall fescue
Lolium arundinaceume0 - Treatment
- waterlogging treatmentse1
- Outcome
- shoot biomasse2
- Direction
- no significant differencese2
- Comparator
- control plantse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two summer-active cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L.) cultivars, Lazuly and Porto, and two summer-active tall fescue (Lolium arundinaceum Schreb., syn. Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) cultivars, Hummer and Quantum II MaxP”
e1“Cultivars were subjected to four periods of waterlogging treatments (7, 14, 21 and 28 days), while comparable plants were kept under free drained control conditions”
e2“There were no significant differences in shoot biomass between the waterlogged and control plants of any cultivar”
Claim · model-written summary
Waterlogging reduced root dry matter of cocksfoot by 56%.
- Taxon
- cocksfootDactylis glomeratae0
- Treatment
- waterlogginge3
- Outcome
- root dry mattere3
- Direction
- reducede3
- Value
- 56%e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two summer-active cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L.) cultivars, Lazuly and Porto, and two summer-active tall fescue (Lolium arundinaceum Schreb., syn. Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) cultivars, Hummer and Quantum II MaxP”
e3“waterlogging significantly reduced root dry matter in all cultivars, with greater reduction in cocksfoot (56%) than in tall fescue (38%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Waterlogging reduced root dry matter of tall fescue by 38%.
- Taxon
- tall fescueLolium arundinaceume0
- Treatment
- waterlogginge3
- Outcome
- root dry mattere3
- Direction
- reducede3
- Value
- 38%e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two summer-active cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L.) cultivars, Lazuly and Porto, and two summer-active tall fescue (Lolium arundinaceum Schreb., syn. Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) cultivars, Hummer and Quantum II MaxP”
e3“waterlogging significantly reduced root dry matter in all cultivars, with greater reduction in cocksfoot (56%) than in tall fescue (38%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Waterlogging increased adventitious root and aerenchyma formation in cocksfoot.
- Taxon
- cocksfootDactylis glomeratae0
- Treatment
- Waterlogginge4
- Outcome
- adventitious root and aerenchyma formatione4
- Direction
- increasede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two summer-active cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L.) cultivars, Lazuly and Porto, and two summer-active tall fescue (Lolium arundinaceum Schreb., syn. Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) cultivars, Hummer and Quantum II MaxP”
e4“Waterlogging also led to increased adventitious root and aerenchyma formation in both species”
Claim · model-written summary
Waterlogging increased adventitious root and aerenchyma formation in tall fescue.
- Taxon
- tall fescueLolium arundinaceume0
- Treatment
- Waterlogginge4
- Outcome
- adventitious root and aerenchyma formatione4
- Direction
- increasede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two summer-active cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L.) cultivars, Lazuly and Porto, and two summer-active tall fescue (Lolium arundinaceum Schreb., syn. Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) cultivars, Hummer and Quantum II MaxP”
e4“Waterlogging also led to increased adventitious root and aerenchyma formation in both species”
Claim · model-written summary
Cocksfoot cultivars showed a greater increase in adventitious roots than tall fescue cultivars.
- Taxon
- cocksfootDactylis glomeratae0
- Outcome
- adventitious rootse5
- Direction
- greater increasee5
- Comparator
- tall fescue cultivarse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two summer-active cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L.) cultivars, Lazuly and Porto, and two summer-active tall fescue (Lolium arundinaceum Schreb., syn. Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) cultivars, Hummer and Quantum II MaxP”
e5“Cocksfoot cultivars showed a greater increase in adventitious roots, while tall fescue cultivars had a greater proportion of aerenchyma”
Claim · model-written summary
Tall fescue cultivars had a greater proportion of aerenchyma than cocksfoot cultivars.
- Taxon
- tall fescueLolium arundinaceume0
- Outcome
- proportion of aerenchymae5
- Direction
- greatere5
- Comparator
- Cocksfoot cultivarse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two summer-active cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L.) cultivars, Lazuly and Porto, and two summer-active tall fescue (Lolium arundinaceum Schreb., syn. Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) cultivars, Hummer and Quantum II MaxP”
e5“Cocksfoot cultivars showed a greater increase in adventitious roots, while tall fescue cultivars had a greater proportion of aerenchyma”
Claim · model-written summary
Both cocksfoot cultivars showed similar responses to waterlogging.
- Taxon
- cocksfootDactylis glomeratae0
- Outcome
- responses to waterlogging treatmentse6
- Direction
- similare6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two summer-active cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L.) cultivars, Lazuly and Porto, and two summer-active tall fescue (Lolium arundinaceum Schreb., syn. Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) cultivars, Hummer and Quantum II MaxP”
e6“Both cultivars within each species showed similar responses to waterlogging treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Both tall fescue cultivars showed similar responses to waterlogging.
- Taxon
- tall fescueLolium arundinaceume0
- Outcome
- responses to waterlogging treatmentse6
- Direction
- similare6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two summer-active cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L.) cultivars, Lazuly and Porto, and two summer-active tall fescue (Lolium arundinaceum Schreb., syn. Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) cultivars, Hummer and Quantum II MaxP”
e6“Both cultivars within each species showed similar responses to waterlogging treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Plants of cocksfoot began to show signs of waterlogging stress 14–21 days after the onset of waterlogging.
- Taxon
- cocksfootDactylis glomeratae0
- Outcome
- signs of waterlogging stresse7
- Qualifier
- after the onset of waterlogging treatmentse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two summer-active cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L.) cultivars, Lazuly and Porto, and two summer-active tall fescue (Lolium arundinaceum Schreb., syn. Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) cultivars, Hummer and Quantum II MaxP”
e7“Plants began to show signs of waterlogging stress 14–21 days after the onset of waterlogging treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Plants of tall fescue began to show signs of waterlogging stress 14–21 days after the onset of waterlogging.
- Taxon
- tall fescueLolium arundinaceume0
- Outcome
- signs of waterlogging stresse7
- Qualifier
- after the onset of waterlogging treatmentse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two summer-active cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L.) cultivars, Lazuly and Porto, and two summer-active tall fescue (Lolium arundinaceum Schreb., syn. Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) cultivars, Hummer and Quantum II MaxP”
e7“Plants began to show signs of waterlogging stress 14–21 days after the onset of waterlogging treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
An extended screening program is needed to find varietal differences in cocksfoot that could be used in breeding for waterlogging tolerance.
- Taxon
- cocksfootDactylis glomeratae0
- Outcome
- varietal differences within speciese7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two summer-active cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L.) cultivars, Lazuly and Porto, and two summer-active tall fescue (Lolium arundinaceum Schreb., syn. Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) cultivars, Hummer and Quantum II MaxP”
e7“an extended screening program is needed to identify whether there are varietal differences within species”
Claim · model-written summary
An extended screening program is needed to find varietal differences in tall fescue that could be used in breeding for waterlogging tolerance.
- Taxon
- tall fescueLolium arundinaceume0
- Outcome
- varietal differences within speciese7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“two summer-active cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L.) cultivars, Lazuly and Porto, and two summer-active tall fescue (Lolium arundinaceum Schreb., syn. Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) cultivars, Hummer and Quantum II MaxP”
e7“an extended screening program is needed to identify whether there are varietal differences within species”
The same questions in other papers
flooding · growth · Lolium arundinaceum (tall fescue)Results differ
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
4 papers more in this group
See all 8 papers →flooding · growth · Dactylis glomerata (cocksfoot)Positive and negative results
2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.