Abstract
Pear is an important fruit tree worldwide, but it is often infected by the pathogen Botryosphaeria dothidea, which causes pear ring rot disease. To explore the effect of exogenous melatonin on the disease resistance of pear, we treated inoculated pear fruits with different concentrations of melatonin. The results showed that 100 μΜ of melatonin had the most significant effect with resistance to B. dothidea. In addition, melatonin treatment significantly reduced the diameter of disease lesions and enhanced the endogenous melatonin content in pears inoculated with B. dothidea. Compared with the control treatment, melatonin treatment suppressed increases in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and activated ROS-scavenging enzymes. Treatment with exogenous melatonin maintained ascorbic acid–glutathione at more reductive status. The expression levels of core autophagic genes and autophagosome formation were elevated by melatonin treatment in pear fruits. Silencing of PbrATG5 in Pyrus pyrifolia conferred sensitivity to inoculation that was only slightly attenuated by melatonin treatment. After inoculation with B. dothidea, exogenous melatonin treatment led to higher levels of soluble sugars and organic acids in pear fruits than H 2 O treatment. Overall, our results demonstrate that melatonin enhances resistance to B. dothidea by increasing autophagic activity and soluble sugar/organic acid accumulation.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
100 μΜ melatonin produced the strongest stated resistance to B. dothidea.
- Taxon
- Pear
_Poirier_Fleurs_et_feuilles.jpg?width=60)
Pyrus communist0 - Treatment
- 100 μΜ of melatonine0
- Interactor
- B. dothidea
_Cesati_%26_DeNotaris_661320.jpg?width=60)
Botryosphaeria dothideae0pathogen - Outcome
- resistance to B. dothideae0
- Direction
- most significante0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Poirier_Fleurs_et_feuilles.jpg?width=500)
_Cesati_%26_DeNotaris_661320.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“The results showed that 100 μΜ of melatonin had the most significant effect with resistance to B. dothidea.”
t0“Pear”
Claim · model-written summary
Melatonin reduced disease lesion diameter in inoculated pears.
- Treatment
- melatonin treatmente0
- Interactor
- B. dothideaBotryosphaeria dothideae0pathogen
- Outcome
- diameter of disease lesionse0
- Direction
- reducede0
PyrusNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“melatonin treatment significantly reduced the diameter of disease lesions and enhanced the endogenous melatonin content in pears inoculated with B. dothidea.”
Claim · model-written summary
Melatonin enhanced endogenous melatonin content in inoculated pears.
- Treatment
- melatonin treatmente0
- Interactor
- B. dothideaBotryosphaeria dothideae0pathogen
- Outcome
- endogenous melatonin contente0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“melatonin treatment significantly reduced the diameter of disease lesions and enhanced the endogenous melatonin content in pears inoculated with B. dothidea.”
Claim · model-written summary
Melatonin suppressed increases in ROS relative to control.
- Taxon
- PearPyrus communist0
- Treatment
- melatonin treatmente0
- Outcome
- reactive oxygen species (ROS)e0
- Direction
- suppressed increasese0
- Comparator
- control treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared with the control treatment, melatonin treatment suppressed increases in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and activated ROS-scavenging enzymes.”
t0“Pear”
Claim · model-written summary
Melatonin activated ROS-scavenging enzymes relative to control.
- Taxon
- PearPyrus communist0
- Treatment
- melatonin treatmente0
- Outcome
- ROS-scavenging enzymese0
- Direction
- activatede0
- Comparator
- control treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared with the control treatment, melatonin treatment suppressed increases in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and activated ROS-scavenging enzymes.”
t0“Pear”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous melatonin maintained a more reductive ascorbic acid–glutathione status.
- Taxon
- PearPyrus communist0
- Treatment
- exogenous melatonine0
- Outcome
- ascorbic acid–glutathionee0
- Direction
- more reductivee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Treatment with exogenous melatonin maintained ascorbic acid–glutathione at more reductive status.”
t0“Pear”
Claim · model-written summary
Melatonin elevated core autophagic gene expression in pear fruit.
- Taxon
- pearPyrus communise0
- Organ / stage
- fruitse0
- Treatment
- melatonin treatmente0
- Outcome
- expression levels of core autophagic genese0
- Direction
- elevatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The expression levels of core autophagic genes and autophagosome formation were elevated by melatonin treatment in pear fruits.”
Claim · model-written summary
Melatonin elevated autophagosome formation in pear fruit.
- Taxon
- pearPyrus communise0
- Organ / stage
- fruitse0
- Treatment
- melatonin treatmente0
- Outcome
- autophagosome formatione0
- Direction
- elevatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The expression levels of core autophagic genes and autophagosome formation were elevated by melatonin treatment in pear fruits.”
Claim · model-written summary
Silencing PbrATG5 made Pyrus pyrifolia sensitive to inoculation.
- Taxon
- Pyrus pyrifolia
_Pyrus_pyrifolia_flowers.jpg?width=60)
Pyrus pyrifoliae0 - Treatment
- Silencing of PbrATG5e0
- Gene
- PbrATG5e0
- Outcome
- sensitivity to inoculatione0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Pyrus_pyrifolia_flowers.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Silencing of PbrATG5 in Pyrus pyrifolia conferred sensitivity to inoculation that was only slightly attenuated by melatonin treatment.”
Claim · model-written summary
Melatonin only slightly attenuated the inoculation sensitivity caused by PbrATG5 silencing.
- Taxon
- Pyrus pyrifoliaPyrus pyrifoliae0
- Treatment
- melatonin treatmente0
- Gene
- PbrATG5e0
- Outcome
- sensitivity to inoculatione0
- Direction
- slightly attenuatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Silencing of PbrATG5 in Pyrus pyrifolia conferred sensitivity to inoculation that was only slightly attenuated by melatonin treatment.”
Claim · model-written summary
Melatonin raised soluble sugar levels over water treatment after inoculation.
- Taxon
- pearPyrus communise0
- Treatment
- exogenous melatonin treatmente0
- Interactor
- B. dothideaBotryosphaeria dothideae0pathogen
- Outcome
- levels of soluble sugarse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- H 2 O treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“After inoculation with B. dothidea, exogenous melatonin treatment led to higher levels of soluble sugars and organic acids in pear fruits than H 2 O treatment.”
Claim · model-written summary
Melatonin raised organic acid levels over water treatment after inoculation.
- Taxon
- pearPyrus communise0
- Treatment
- exogenous melatonin treatmente0
- Interactor
- B. dothideaBotryosphaeria dothideae0pathogen
- Outcome
- organic acidse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- H 2 O treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“After inoculation with B. dothidea, exogenous melatonin treatment led to higher levels of soluble sugars and organic acids in pear fruits than H 2 O treatment.”
The same questions in other papers
melatonin · Botryosphaeria dothidea · Pyrus communis (pear)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
melatonin · molecular: expression · Pyrus communis (pear)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
melatonin · quality: phytochemicals · Pyrus communis (pear)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.