Paper · 2022 · Agriculture

The Effect of Mineral N Fertilization and Bradyrhizobium japonicum Seed Inoculation on Productivity of Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill)

Jerzy Księżak; Jolanta Bojarszczuk

11
claims
22
verbatim quotes
30
citations
3
research areas
✓
Open access · cc-by

Abstract

Soybean yields can be considerably improved by inoculation with selected Bradyrhizobium japonicum strains and fertilization. The aim of this study was to assess the productivity of two soybean cultivars depending on the applied N mineral fertilizers and seed inoculation with B. japonicum. The study showed that on average, for both cultivars, the soybean yield was most favorably affected by the combined use of inoculation and nitrogen fertilization (increase in seed yield by 42%, protein yield by about 28%). The application of mineral nitrogen at the dose of 30 or 60 kg·ha−1 allowed the increase in the seed yield by about 17% and protein content by about 14% compared to the control. Inoculation of soybean seeds with B. japonicum increased the yield of soybeans by about 20%, proteins by about 10% compared to the control, and inoculation of Hi®Stick Soy favored a better yield than Nitragina. Inoculation of seeds with Nitragina or Hi®Stick Soy and fertilization with mineral nitrogen increased the content of protein and fiber in seeds of both soybean cultivars, as well as reduced the amount of ash and fat. The seeds of cv. Aldana had a higher amount of protein and ash than cv. Annushka, but a similar amount of fat and fiber.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 11

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Combined inoculation and nitrogen fertilization increased soybean seed yield by 42%.

Taxon
SoybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
combined use of inoculation and nitrogen fertilizatione0
Interactor
Bradyrhizobium japonicumBradyrhizobium japonicume1symbiont
Outcome
seed yielde0
Direction
increasee0
Value
42%e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Bradyrhizobium japonicum
Bradyrhizobium japonicum · InteractorLouisa Howard - Dartmouth Electron Microscope Facility · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“the soybean yield was most favorably affected by the combined use of inoculation and nitrogen fertilization (increase in seed yield by 42%, protein yield by about 28%)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 344–511 · show in text ↑
t0

“Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 103–137 · show in text ↑
e1

“Bradyrhizobium japonicum strains”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 73–105 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Combined inoculation and nitrogen fertilization increased soybean protein yield by about 28%.

Taxon
SoybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
combined use of inoculation and nitrogen fertilizatione0
Interactor
Bradyrhizobium japonicumBradyrhizobium japonicume1symbiont
Outcome
protein yielde0
Direction
increasee0
Value
about 28%e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Bradyrhizobium japonicum
Bradyrhizobium japonicum · InteractorLouisa Howard - Dartmouth Electron Microscope Facility · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“combined use of inoculation and nitrogen fertilization (increase in seed yield by 42%, protein yield by about 28%)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 397–511 · show in text ↑
t0

“Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 103–137 · show in text ↑
e1

“Bradyrhizobium japonicum strains”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 73–105 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Mineral nitrogen at 30 or 60 kg·ha−1 increased soybean seed yield by about 17% versus control.

Taxon
SoybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
mineral nitrogen at the dose of 30 or 60 kg·ha−1e0
Outcome
seed yielde0
Direction
increasee0
Value
about 17%e0
Comparator
the controle0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“mineral nitrogen at the dose of 30 or 60 kg·ha−1 allowed the increase in the seed yield by about 17% and protein content by about 14% compared to the control”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 532–689 · show in text ↑
t0

“Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 103–137 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Mineral nitrogen at 30 or 60 kg·ha−1 increased soybean protein content by about 14% versus control.

Taxon
SoybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
mineral nitrogen at the dose of 30 or 60 kg·ha−1e0
Outcome
protein contente0
Direction
increasee0
Value
about 14%e0
Comparator
the controle0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“mineral nitrogen at the dose of 30 or 60 kg·ha−1 allowed the increase in the seed yield by about 17% and protein content by about 14% compared to the control”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 532–689 · show in text ↑
t0

“Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 103–137 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Inoculation with B. japonicum increased soybean yield by about 20% versus control.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxe0
Treatment
Inoculation of soybean seeds with B. japonicume0
Interactor
B. japonicumBradyrhizobium japonicume0symbiont
Outcome
yield of soybeanse0
Direction
increasede0
Value
about 20%e0
Comparator
the controle0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Bradyrhizobium japonicum
Bradyrhizobium japonicum · InteractorLouisa Howard - Dartmouth Electron Microscope Facility · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Inoculation of soybean seeds with B. japonicum increased the yield of soybeans by about 20%, proteins by about 10% compared to the control”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 691–829 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Inoculation with B. japonicum increased soybean proteins by about 10% versus control.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxe0
Treatment
Inoculation of soybean seeds with B. japonicume0
Interactor
B. japonicumBradyrhizobium japonicume0symbiont
Outcome
proteinse0
Direction
increasede0
Value
about 10%e0
Comparator
the controle0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Bradyrhizobium japonicum
Bradyrhizobium japonicum · InteractorLouisa Howard - Dartmouth Electron Microscope Facility · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Inoculation of soybean seeds with B. japonicum increased the yield of soybeans by about 20%, proteins by about 10% compared to the control”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 691–829 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Hi®Stick Soy inoculation favored better yield than Nitragina.

Taxon
SoybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
inoculation of Hi®Stick Soye0
Outcome
yielde0
Direction
bettere0
Comparator
Nitraginae0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“inoculation of Hi®Stick Soy favored a better yield than Nitragina”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 835–900 · show in text ↑
t0

“Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 103–137 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Inoculation with Nitragina or Hi®Stick Soy plus mineral nitrogen increased seed protein and fiber in both cultivars.

Taxon
SoybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
Inoculation of seeds with Nitragina or Hi®Stick Soy and fertilization with mineral nitrogene0
Outcome
content of protein and fiber in seedse0
Direction
increasede0
Qualifier
both soybean cultivarse0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Inoculation of seeds with Nitragina or Hi®Stick Soy and fertilization with mineral nitrogen increased the content of protein and fiber in seeds of both soybean cultivars”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 902–1071 · show in text ↑
t0

“Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 103–137 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Inoculation with Nitragina or Hi®Stick Soy plus mineral nitrogen reduced seed ash and fat.

Taxon
SoybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
Inoculation of seeds with Nitragina or Hi®Stick Soy and fertilization with mineral nitrogene0
Outcome
amount of ash and fate0
Direction
reducede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Inoculation of seeds with Nitragina or Hi®Stick Soy and fertilization with mineral nitrogen increased the content of protein and fiber in seeds of both soybean cultivars, as well as reduced the amount of ash and fat”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 902–1117 · show in text ↑
t0

“Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 103–137 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Aldana seeds had more protein and ash than Annushka seeds.

Taxon
SoybeanGlycine maxt0
Material
cv. Aldanae0
Outcome
amount of protein and ashe0
Direction
highere0
Comparator
cv. Annushkae0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The seeds of cv. Aldana had a higher amount of protein and ash than cv. Annushka”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1119–1199 · show in text ↑
t0

“Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 103–137 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Aldana and Annushka seeds had similar fat and fiber amounts.

Taxon
SoybeanGlycine maxt0
Material
cv. Aldanae0
Outcome
amount of fat and fibere0
Direction
similare0
Comparator
cv. Annushkae0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The seeds of cv. Aldana had a higher amount of protein and ash than cv. Annushka, but a similar amount of fat and fiber”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1119–1238 · show in text ↑
t0

“Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 103–137 · show in text ↑

Bradyrhizobium japonicum · yield · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results

61 papers: 54 positive, 7 negative or no effect

53 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

57 papers more in this group

See all 61 papers →

inoculation · quality: protein · Glycine max (soybean)Results differ

53 papers: 47 positive, 6 negative or no effect

46 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. positive
  3. positive

49 papers more in this group

See all 53 papers →

nitrogen · quality: protein · Glycine max (soybean)Results differ

65 papers: 47 positive, 18 negative or no effect

46 papers in the same direction as this paper · 18 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. no effect
  3. no effect

61 papers more in this group

See all 65 papers →

inoculation · Bradyrhizobium japonicum · Glycine max (soybean)Results differ

86 papers: 64 positive, 22 negative or no effect

63 papers in the same direction as this paper · 20 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. no effect

82 papers more in this group

See all 86 papers →

fertilization · Bradyrhizobium japonicum · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results

10 papers: 9 positive, 1 negative or no effect

8 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. positive
  3. positive

6 papers more in this group

See all 10 papers →

fertilization · quality: protein · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results

134 papers: 116 positive, 18 negative or no effect

115 papers in the same direction as this paper · 17 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

130 papers more in this group

See all 134 papers →

nitrogen · yield · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results

416 papers: 318 positive, 98 negative or no effect

317 papers in the same direction as this paper · 91 in the opposite direction · 7 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

412 papers more in this group

See all 416 papers →

inoculation · yield · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results

566 papers: 491 positive, 75 negative or no effect

490 papers in the same direction as this paper · 63 in the opposite direction · 12 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. no effect
  3. no effect

562 papers more in this group

See all 566 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.