Abstract
Silicon (Si) can alleviate aluminum (Al) toxicity in rice (Oryza sativa L.), but the mechanisms underlying this beneficial effect have not been elucidated, especially under long-term Al stress. Here, the effects of Al and Si on the suberization and development of rice roots were investigated. The results show that, as the Al exposure time increased, the roots accumulated more Al, and Al enhanced the deposition of suberin in roots, both of which ultimately inhibited root growth and nutrient absorption. However, Si restricted the apoplastic and symplastic pathways of Al in roots by inhibiting the uptake and transport of Al, thereby reducing the accumulation of Al in roots. Meanwhile, the Si-induced drop in Al concentration reduced the suberization of roots caused by Al through down-regulating the expression of genes related to suberin synthesis and then promoted the development of roots (such as longer and more adventitious roots and lateral roots). Moreover, Si also increased nutrient uptake by Al-stressed roots and thence promoted the growth of rice. Overall, these results indicate that Si reduced Al-induced suberization of roots by inhibiting the uptake and transport of Al in roots, thereby amending root growth and ultimately alleviating Al stress in rice. Our study further clarified the toxicity mechanism of Al in rice and the role of Si in reducing Al content and restoring root development under Al stress.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Longer Al exposure increased Al accumulation in rice roots.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- Al exposure timee0
- Outcome
- roots accumulated more Ale0
- Direction
- moree0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“as the Al exposure time increased, the roots accumulated more Al”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Al enhanced root suberin deposition.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Ale0
- Outcome
- deposition of suberin in rootse0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Al enhanced the deposition of suberin in roots”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Al-associated accumulation and suberization inhibited root growth and nutrient absorption.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Ale0
- Outcome
- root growth and nutrient absorptione0
- Qualifier
- deposition of suberin in rootse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the roots accumulated more Al, and Al enhanced the deposition of suberin in roots, both of which ultimately inhibited root growth and nutrient absorption.”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Si inhibited Al uptake and transport in roots.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Sie0
- Outcome
- uptake and transport of Ale0
- Direction
- inhibitinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Si restricted the apoplastic and symplastic pathways of Al in roots by inhibiting the uptake and transport of Al”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Si reduced Al accumulation in roots.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Sie0
- Outcome
- accumulation of Al in rootse0
- Direction
- reducinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Si restricted the apoplastic and symplastic pathways of Al in roots by inhibiting the uptake and transport of Al, thereby reducing the accumulation of Al in roots.”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Si-reduced Al concentration lowered Al-induced root suberization by downregulating suberin synthesis genes.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Sie0
- Gene
- genes related to suberin synthesise0
- Outcome
- suberization of rootse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the Si-induced drop in Al concentration reduced the suberization of roots caused by Al through down-regulating the expression of genes related to suberin synthesis”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Si promoted root development, including longer and more adventitious and lateral roots.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Sit0
- Outcome
- development of rootse0
- Direction
- promotede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“promoted the development of roots (such as longer and more adventitious roots and lateral roots)”
t0“Silicon Reduces Aluminum-Induced Suberization by Inhibiting the Uptake and Transport of Aluminum in Rice Roots and Consequently Promotes Root Growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Si increased nutrient uptake by Al-stressed roots.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Sie0
- Outcome
- nutrient uptakee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Si also increased nutrient uptake by Al-stressed roots”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Si promoted rice growth under Al stress.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- Sie0
- Outcome
- growth of ricee0
- Direction
- promotede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Si also increased nutrient uptake by Al-stressed roots and thence promoted the growth of rice.”
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See all 77 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.