Abstract
Abstract Silicon (Si) is a beneficial element for tropical grasses such as rice ( Oryza sativa ) and responses to applications of Si are common on highly weathered soils. However, the importance of pH (and hence Si speciation), weathering and fertilisation on Si uptake is still poorly understood. The responses of rice to Si fertilisation were studied in two variably weathered basalt soils (Red Ferrosol, Grey Vertosol) adjusted at different pH values (5.5–9.5) with three levels of acidulated wollastonite. Soil Si was extracted using deionised water (H 2 O), 0.01 M CaCl 2 , or 0.5 M NH 4 OAc. Significant increases in Si uptake and rice biomass were observed in the Red Ferrosol following fertilisation ( p < 0.01). Greater biomass production was observed at lower pH, due to decreased Si sorption and higher solution Si concentrations. Silicon uptake by rice was greater at low pH, despite similar extractable Si concentrations; suggesting a relationship between Si speciation and uptake. In contrast, Si uptake and rice shoot dry matter in the less weathered Grey Vertosol were unaffected by Si fertilisation ( p > 0.05) except at the highest rate and lowest pH (5.5). Solution Si concentrations were controlled by precipitation/polymerisation reactions in equilibrium with specific soil pH values rather than adsorption processes. Silicon speciation effects (monosilicic acid vs. silicate ions) were unable to be measured due to an induced phosphorus deficiency in both soils at pH values > 8.5. In conclusion, weathered soils are more responsive to Si fertilisation and Si uptake is increased at low pH.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Si fertilisation significantly increased Si uptake in rice on Red Ferrosol.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Treatment
- fertilisatione0
- Outcome
- Si uptakee0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Setting
- Red Ferrosole0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Significant increases in Si uptake and rice biomass were observed in the Red Ferrosol following fertilisation ( p < 0.01)”
Claim · model-written summary
Si fertilisation significantly increased rice biomass on Red Ferrosol.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- fertilisatione0
- Outcome
- rice biomasse0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Setting
- Red Ferrosole0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Significant increases in Si uptake and rice biomass were observed in the Red Ferrosol following fertilisation ( p < 0.01)”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice biomass was greater at lower pH.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- lower pHe0
- Outcome
- biomass productione0
- Direction
- Greatere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice”
e0“Greater biomass production was observed at lower pH, due to decreased Si sorption and higher solution Si concentrations”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice Si uptake was greater at low pH despite similar extractable Si concentrations.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- low pHe0
- Outcome
- Silicon uptakee0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- similar extractable Si concentrationse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Silicon uptake by rice was greater at low pH, despite similar extractable Si concentrations”
Claim · model-written summary
Si fertilisation did not significantly affect Si uptake in Grey Vertosol except at the highest rate and pH 5.5.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- Si fertilisatione0
- Outcome
- Si uptakee0
- Direction
- unaffectede0
- Qualifier
- except at the highest rate and lowest pH (5.5)e0
- Setting
- Grey Vertosole0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Si uptake and rice shoot dry matter in the less weathered Grey Vertosol were unaffected by Si fertilisation ( p > 0.05) except at the highest rate and lowest pH (5.5)”
Claim · model-written summary
Si fertilisation did not significantly affect rice shoot dry matter in Grey Vertosol except at the highest rate and pH 5.5.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- Si fertilisatione0
- Outcome
- rice shoot dry mattere0
- Direction
- unaffectede0
- Qualifier
- except at the highest rate and lowest pH (5.5)e0
- Setting
- Grey Vertosole0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Si uptake and rice shoot dry matter in the less weathered Grey Vertosol were unaffected by Si fertilisation ( p > 0.05) except at the highest rate and lowest pH (5.5)”
Claim · model-written summary
Solution Si concentrations were controlled by precipitation or polymerisation at specific soil pH values.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Solution Si concentrations were controlled by precipitation/polymerisation reactions in equilibrium with specific soil pH values rather than adsorption processes”
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphorus deficiency above pH 8.5 prevented measurement of silicon speciation effects.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- Silicon speciation effectse0
- Qualifier
- unable to be measured due to an induced phosphorus deficiency in both soils at pH values > 8.5e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice”
e0“Silicon speciation effects (monosilicic acid vs. silicate ions) were unable to be measured due to an induced phosphorus deficiency in both soils at pH values > 8.5”
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