Abstract
Abstract AtUSP17 is a multiple stress‐inducible gene that encodes a universal stress protein (USP) in Arabidopsis thaliana . In the present study, we functionally characterized AtUSP17 using its knock‐down mutant, Atusp17 , and AtUSP17 ‐overexpression lines (WTOE). The overexpression of AtUSP17 in wild‐type and Atusp17 mutant Arabidopsis plants resulted in higher sensitivity to salt stress during seed germination than WT and Atusp17 mutant lines. In addition, the WTOE and FC lines exhibited higher abscisic acid (ABA) sensitivity than Atusp17 mutant during germination. The exogenous application of ethylene precursor 1‐aminocyclopropane‐1‐carboxylic acid (ACC) was able to rescue the salt hypersensitive phenotype of WTOE lines. In contrast, AgNO 3 , an ethylene action inhibitor, further blocked the effect of ACC during germination. The addition of ACC under salt stress resulted in reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, expression of ABA‐responsive genes, improved proline synthesis, increased expression of positive regulators of ethylene signaling and antioxidant defense genes with enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities. The WTOE lines exhibited salt sensitivity even at the adult plant stage, while Atusp17 mutant exhibited higher salt tolerance with higher chlorophyll, relative water content and lower electrolyte leakage as compared with WT. The BAR interaction viewer database and available literature mining identified AtUSP17‐interacting proteins, which include RGS1, RACK1C and PRN1 involved in G‐protein signaling, which play a crucial role in salt stress responses. Based on the present study and available literature, we proposed a model in which AtUSP17 negatively mediates salt tolerance in Arabidopsis through modulation of ethylene, ABA, ROS, and G‐protein signaling and responses.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Overexpression of AtUSP17 made wild-type and mutant Arabidopsis more sensitive to salt stress during seed germination than WT and the Atusp17 mutant.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis
Arabidopsist0 - Treatment
- overexpression of AtUSP17e1
- Gene
- AtUSP17e1
- Outcome
- sensitivity to salt stress during seed germinatione1
- Direction
- highere1
- Comparator
- WT and Atusp17 mutant linese1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“signaling pathways in Arabidopsis”
e1“The overexpression of AtUSP17 in wild‐type and Atusp17 mutant Arabidopsis plants resulted in higher sensitivity to salt stress during seed germination than WT and Atusp17 mutant lines”
Claim · model-written summary
WTOE and FC lines showed higher abscisic acid sensitivity than the Atusp17 mutant during germination.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Material
- WTOE and FC linese2
- Compound
- abscisic acid (ABA)e2
- Outcome
- abscisic acid (ABA) sensitivitye2
- Direction
- highere2
- Comparator
- Atusp17 mutante2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“signaling pathways in Arabidopsis”
e2“the WTOE and FC lines exhibited higher abscisic acid (ABA) sensitivity than Atusp17 mutant during germination”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous ACC rescued the salt hypersensitive phenotype of WTOE lines.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Material
- WTOE linese3
- Treatment
- ACCe3
- Outcome
- salt hypersensitive phenotypee3
- Direction
- rescuee3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“signaling pathways in Arabidopsis”
e3“The exogenous application of ethylene precursor 1‐aminocyclopropane‐1‐carboxylic acid (ACC) was able to rescue the salt hypersensitive phenotype of WTOE lines”
Claim · model-written summary
AgNO 3, an ethylene action inhibitor, further blocked the effect of ACC during germination.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- AgNO 3e4
- Outcome
- effect of ACCe4
- Direction
- blockede4
- Comparator
- ACCe4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“signaling pathways in Arabidopsis”
e4“AgNO 3 , an ethylene action inhibitor, further blocked the effect of ACC during germination”
Claim · model-written summary
Under salt stress, ACC reduced reactive oxygen species accumulation.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- ACCe5
- Outcome
- reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulatione5
- Direction
- reducede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“signaling pathways in Arabidopsis”
e5“The addition of ACC under salt stress resulted in reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, expression of ABA‐responsive genes, improved proline synthesis, increased expression of positive regulators of ethylene signaling and antioxidant defense genes with enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities”
Claim · model-written summary
Under salt stress, ACC changed the expression of ABA-responsive genes; the direction is not stated.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- ACCe5
- Outcome
- expression of ABA‐responsive genese5
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“signaling pathways in Arabidopsis”
e5“The addition of ACC under salt stress resulted in reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, expression of ABA‐responsive genes, improved proline synthesis, increased expression of positive regulators of ethylene signaling and antioxidant defense genes with enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities”
Claim · model-written summary
Under salt stress, ACC improved proline synthesis.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- ACCe5
- Outcome
- proline synthesise5
- Direction
- improvede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“signaling pathways in Arabidopsis”
e5“The addition of ACC under salt stress resulted in reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, expression of ABA‐responsive genes, improved proline synthesis, increased expression of positive regulators of ethylene signaling and antioxidant defense genes with enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities”
Claim · model-written summary
Under salt stress, ACC increased the expression of positive regulators of ethylene signaling and antioxidant defense genes.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- ACCe5
- Outcome
- expression of positive regulators of ethylene signaling and antioxidant defense genese5
- Direction
- increasede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“signaling pathways in Arabidopsis”
e5“The addition of ACC under salt stress resulted in reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, expression of ABA‐responsive genes, improved proline synthesis, increased expression of positive regulators of ethylene signaling and antioxidant defense genes with enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities”
Claim · model-written summary
Under salt stress, ACC enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- ACCe5
- Outcome
- antioxidant enzyme activitiese5
- Direction
- enhancede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“signaling pathways in Arabidopsis”
e5“The addition of ACC under salt stress resulted in reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, expression of ABA‐responsive genes, improved proline synthesis, increased expression of positive regulators of ethylene signaling and antioxidant defense genes with enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities”
Claim · model-written summary
WTOE lines showed salt sensitivity even at the adult plant stage.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Material
- WTOE linese6
- Organ / stage
- adult plant stagee6
- Outcome
- salt sensitivitye6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“signaling pathways in Arabidopsis”
e6“The WTOE lines exhibited salt sensitivity even at the adult plant stage, while Atusp17 mutant exhibited higher salt tolerance with higher chlorophyll, relative water content and lower electrolyte leakage as compared with WT”
Claim · model-written summary
The Atusp17 mutant showed higher salt tolerance than WT.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Material
- Atusp17 mutante6
- Outcome
- salt tolerancee6
- Direction
- highere6
- Comparator
- WTe6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“signaling pathways in Arabidopsis”
e6“The WTOE lines exhibited salt sensitivity even at the adult plant stage, while Atusp17 mutant exhibited higher salt tolerance with higher chlorophyll, relative water content and lower electrolyte leakage as compared with WT”
Claim · model-written summary
The Atusp17 mutant had higher chlorophyll and relative water content than WT under salt stress.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Material
- Atusp17 mutante6
- Outcome
- chlorophyll, relative water contente6
- Direction
- highere6
- Comparator
- WTe6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“signaling pathways in Arabidopsis”
e6“The WTOE lines exhibited salt sensitivity even at the adult plant stage, while Atusp17 mutant exhibited higher salt tolerance with higher chlorophyll, relative water content and lower electrolyte leakage as compared with WT”
Claim · model-written summary
The Atusp17 mutant had lower electrolyte leakage than WT under salt stress.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Material
- Atusp17 mutante6
- Outcome
- electrolyte leakagee6
- Direction
- lowere6
- Comparator
- WTe6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“signaling pathways in Arabidopsis”
e6“The WTOE lines exhibited salt sensitivity even at the adult plant stage, while Atusp17 mutant exhibited higher salt tolerance with higher chlorophyll, relative water content and lower electrolyte leakage as compared with WT”
Claim · model-written summary
Database and literature mining identified AtUSP17-interacting proteins RGS1, RACK1C and PRN1.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Gene
- RGS1, RACK1C and PRN1e0
- Outcome
- interacting proteinse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“signaling pathways in Arabidopsis”
e0“identified AtUSP17‐interacting proteins, which include RGS1, RACK1C and PRN1”
Claim · model-written summary
AtUSP17 is proposed to negatively mediate salt tolerance through modulation of ethylene, ABA, ROS and G-protein signaling.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Gene
- AtUSP17e7
- Outcome
- salt tolerancee7
- Qualifier
- through modulation of ethylene, ABA, ROS, and G‐protein signaling and responsese7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“signaling pathways in Arabidopsis”
e7“we proposed a model in which AtUSP17 negatively mediates salt tolerance in Arabidopsis through modulation of ethylene, ABA, ROS, and G‐protein signaling and responses”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.