Abstract
BACKGROUND: The study of symbiotic nitrogen fixation between (SNF) legumes and rhizobia has always been a hot frontier in scientific research. Nanotechnology provides a new strategy for biological nitrogen fixation research. However, how to construct abiotic nano-structure-biological system, using the special properties of nanomaterials, to realize the self-enhancement of biological nitrogen fixation capacity is important. RESULTS: In order to construct a more efficient SNF system, in this study, we applied manganese ferrite nanoparticles (MF-NPs) with sustainable diatomic catalysis to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS), thus regulating the nodulation pathway and increasing the number of nodules in soybean (Glycine max), eventually enhancing symbiotic nitrogen fixation. Symbiosis cultivation of MF-NPs and soybean plants resulted in 50.85% and 61.4% increase in nodule weight and number, respectively, thus inducing a 151.36% nitrogen fixation efficiency increase, finally leading to a 25.70% biomass accumulation increase despite no substantial effect on the nitrogenase activity per unit. Transcriptome sequencing analysis showed that of 36 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), 31 DEGs related to soybean nodulation were upregulated in late rhizobium inoculation stage (12 d), indicating that the increase of nodules was derived from nodule-related genes (Nod-R) continuous inductions by MF-NPs. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicated that the nodule number could be effectively increased by extending the nodulation period without threatening the vegetative growth of plants or triggering the autoregulation of nodulation (AON) pathway. This study provides an effective strategy for induction of super-conventional nodulation.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
MF-NPs cultivation with soybean increased nodule weight by 50.85%.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Symbiosis cultivation of MF-NPs and soybean plants resulted in 50.85% and 61.4% increase in nodule weight and number, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
MF-NPs cultivation with soybean increased nodule number by 61.4%.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Treatment
- MF-NPse0
- Outcome
- nodule weight and numbere0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 61.4%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Symbiosis cultivation of MF-NPs and soybean plants resulted in 50.85% and 61.4% increase in nodule weight and number, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
MF-NPs cultivation with soybean increased nitrogen fixation efficiency by 151.36%.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- MF-NPse0
- Outcome
- nitrogen fixation efficiencye1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Value
- 151.36%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Symbiosis cultivation of MF-NPs and soybean plants resulted in 50.85% and 61.4% increase in nodule weight and number, respectively”
e1“thus inducing a 151.36% nitrogen fixation efficiency increase, finally leading to a 25.70% biomass accumulation increase”
Claim · model-written summary
MF-NPs cultivation with soybean increased biomass accumulation by 25.70%.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- MF-NPse0
- Outcome
- biomass accumulatione1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Value
- 25.70%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Symbiosis cultivation of MF-NPs and soybean plants resulted in 50.85% and 61.4% increase in nodule weight and number, respectively”
e1“thus inducing a 151.36% nitrogen fixation efficiency increase, finally leading to a 25.70% biomass accumulation increase”
Claim · model-written summary
MF-NPs had no substantial effect on nitrogenase activity per unit in soybean.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- MF-NPse0
- Outcome
- nitrogenase activity per unite2
- Qualifier
- no substantial effecte2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Symbiosis cultivation of MF-NPs and soybean plants resulted in 50.85% and 61.4% increase in nodule weight and number, respectively”
e2“despite no substantial effect on the nitrogenase activity per unit”
Claim · model-written summary
Of 36 differentially expressed genes, 31 genes related to soybean nodulation were upregulated at 12 days of late rhizobium inoculation.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Outcome
- DEGs related to soybean nodulatione0
- Direction
- upregulatede0
- Value
- 31e0
- Qualifier
- late rhizobium inoculation stage (12 d)e0
RhizobiumOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Transcriptome sequencing analysis showed that of 36 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), 31 DEGs related to soybean nodulation were upregulated in late rhizobium inoculation stage (12 d)”
Claim · model-written summary
Extending the nodulation period could effectively increase nodule number in soybean without threatening vegetative growth or triggering the AON pathway.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- extending the nodulation periode0
- Interactor
- Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens
Bradyrhizobium diazoefficienst0symbiont - Outcome
- nodule numbere0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Our results indicated that the nodule number could be effectively increased by extending the nodulation period without threatening the vegetative growth of plants or triggering the autoregulation of nodulation (AON) pathway”
t0“Novel approach to enhance Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens nodulation through continuous induction of ROS by manganese ferrite nanomaterials in soybean”
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