Abstract
A distinctive feature of legumes is the ability to combine two most important processes: photosynthesis and nitrogen fixation. However, the course of those processes, and therefore seed potential of those crops depend on a number of biotic and abiotic factors, the commonest being drought. Therefore, interest in physical-biochemical resistance of the plant organism to abiotic stress factors is increasing, as well as search for optimum ways to increase its adaptability. Success of adaptation of a plant’s organism to unfavourable environmental factors is known to largely depend on optimal functioning of assimilative apparatus. Some indicators of the condition of the apparatus are the content and ratio of photosynthesis pigments. Therefore, we aimed at determining the reaction of the pigment complex of Glycine max (L.) Merr. plants, grown against the background of optimal and insufficient watering, to inoculation of seeds with rhizobia bacteria Bradyrhizobium japonicum, cultivated using nanocarboxylates of chromium, cobalt, iron, copper and germanium. Research has shown that utilization of germanium nanocarboxylate as a component of inoculative suspension led to the highest content of chlorophylls in leaves of soybean of the studied variants in the blossoming phase during optimal watering, as well as significant increase in the content of carotenoids compared with the control plants regardless of the level of watering. At the same time, this element caused no significant effect on the chlorophyll content in plants grown in drought. It was confirmed that among soybean plants that were in stress conditions (blossoming phase) for two weeks, the highest content of chlorophylls was in leaves of plants grown from seeds inoculated with rhizobial suspension with addition of chromium and copper nanocarboxylates, which caused 25.3% and 22.8% increase in chlorophyll а, 29.4% and 32.3% in chlorophyll b and 26.4%% and 23.8% in them respectively, compared with the control. Furthermore, chromium and copper nanocarboxylates stimulated the content of carotenoids in the same plants, though it was less expressed than after adding germanium nanocarboxylate. The highest content of photosynthetic pigments in plants after the watering was resumed (phase of bean formation) was in cases of applying chromium and germanium nanocarboxylates. It was confirmed that the most efficient way to protect the pigment complex of soybean plants during drought was using chromium and germanium nanocarboxylates as components of inoculation suspension. The results we obtained indicate the possibility of applying chromium nanocarboxylate in the technology of cultivating soybean in the conditions of water deficiency as an effective way to improve biosynthesis of chlorophylls, as well as using germanium nanocarboxyllate as a component that provides a high level of activity of protective mechanisms of the pigment system of soybean, associated with resisting stress caused by water deficiency.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Germanium nanocarboxylate gave the highest leaf chlorophyll content during blossoming with optimal watering.
- Taxon
- soybean plants
Glycine maxt0 - Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- germanium nanocarboxylatee0
- Interactor
- Bradyrhizobium japonicum
Bradyrhizobium japonicume1symbiont - Outcome
- content of chlorophyllse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Qualifier
- during optimal wateringe0
- Comparator
- studied variantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“utilization of germanium nanocarboxylate as a component of inoculative suspension led to the highest content of chlorophylls in leaves of soybean of the studied variants in the blossoming phase during optimal watering”
e1“Bradyrhizobium japonicum”
t0“soybean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Germanium nanocarboxylate significantly increased carotenoid content versus control regardless of watering level.
- Taxon
- soybean plantsGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- germanium nanocarboxylatee1
- Interactor
- Bradyrhizobium japonicumBradyrhizobium japonicume2symbiont
- Outcome
- content of carotenoidse0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- regardless of the level of wateringe0
- Comparator
- control plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significant increase in the content of carotenoids compared with the control plants regardless of the level of watering”
e1“utilization of germanium nanocarboxylate as a component of inoculative suspension”
e2“Bradyrhizobium japonicum”
t0“soybean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Germanium nanocarboxylate had no significant effect on chlorophyll content under drought.
- Taxon
- soybean plantsGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- germanium nanocarboxylatee1
- Outcome
- chlorophyll contente0
- Direction
- no significant effecte0
- Qualifier
- grown in droughte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“this element caused no significant effect on the chlorophyll content in plants grown in drought”
e1“utilization of germanium nanocarboxylate as a component of inoculative suspension”
t0“soybean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Chromium nanocarboxylate raised chlorophyll a by 25.3% in stressed blossoming soybeans versus control.
- Taxon
- soybean plantsGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- chromiume0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll аe0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 25.3%e0
- Qualifier
- in stress conditions (blossoming phase) for two weekse1
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“addition of chromium and copper nanocarboxylates, which caused 25.3% and 22.8% increase in chlorophyll а, 29.4% and 32.3% in chlorophyll b and 26.4%% and 23.8% in them respectively, compared with the control”
e1“in stress conditions (blossoming phase) for two weeks”
t0“soybean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Copper nanocarboxylate raised chlorophyll a by 22.8% in stressed blossoming soybeans versus control.
- Taxon
- soybean plantsGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- copper nanocarboxylatese0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll аe0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 22.8%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“addition of chromium and copper nanocarboxylates, which caused 25.3% and 22.8% increase in chlorophyll а, 29.4% and 32.3% in chlorophyll b and 26.4%% and 23.8% in them respectively, compared with the control”
t0“soybean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Chromium nanocarboxylate raised chlorophyll b by 29.4% versus control under stress.
- Taxon
- soybean plantsGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- chromiume0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll be0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 29.4%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“addition of chromium and copper nanocarboxylates, which caused 25.3% and 22.8% increase in chlorophyll а, 29.4% and 32.3% in chlorophyll b and 26.4%% and 23.8% in them respectively, compared with the control”
t0“soybean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Copper nanocarboxylate raised chlorophyll b by 32.3% versus control under stress.
- Taxon
- soybean plantsGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- copper nanocarboxylatese0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll be0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 32.3%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“addition of chromium and copper nanocarboxylates, which caused 25.3% and 22.8% increase in chlorophyll а, 29.4% and 32.3% in chlorophyll b and 26.4%% and 23.8% in them respectively, compared with the control”
t0“soybean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Chromium nanocarboxylate raised combined chlorophylls by 26.4%% versus control.
- Taxon
- soybean plantsGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- chromiume0
- Outcome
- chlorophylle0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 26.4%%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“addition of chromium and copper nanocarboxylates, which caused 25.3% and 22.8% increase in chlorophyll а, 29.4% and 32.3% in chlorophyll b and 26.4%% and 23.8% in them respectively, compared with the control”
t0“soybean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Copper nanocarboxylate raised combined chlorophylls by 23.8% versus control.
- Taxon
- soybean plantsGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- copper nanocarboxylatese0
- Outcome
- chlorophylle0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 23.8%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“addition of chromium and copper nanocarboxylates, which caused 25.3% and 22.8% increase in chlorophyll а, 29.4% and 32.3% in chlorophyll b and 26.4%% and 23.8% in them respectively, compared with the control”
t0“soybean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Chromium nanocarboxylate stimulated carotenoid content, less than germanium nanocarboxylate.
- Taxon
- soybean plantsGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- chromiume0
- Outcome
- content of carotenoidse0
- Direction
- stimulatede0
- Comparator
- germanium nanocarboxylatee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“chromium and copper nanocarboxylates stimulated the content of carotenoids in the same plants, though it was less expressed than after adding germanium nanocarboxylate”
t0“soybean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Copper nanocarboxylate stimulated carotenoid content, less than germanium nanocarboxylate.
- Taxon
- soybean plantsGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- copper nanocarboxylatese0
- Outcome
- content of carotenoidse0
- Direction
- stimulatede0
- Comparator
- germanium nanocarboxylatee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“chromium and copper nanocarboxylates stimulated the content of carotenoids in the same plants, though it was less expressed than after adding germanium nanocarboxylate”
t0“soybean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Chromium nanocarboxylate produced the highest photosynthetic pigment content after watering resumed.
- Taxon
- soybean plantsGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- chromiume0
- Outcome
- content of photosynthetic pigmentse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Qualifier
- after the watering was resumede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest content of photosynthetic pigments in plants after the watering was resumed (phase of bean formation) was in cases of applying chromium and germanium nanocarboxylates.”
t0“soybean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Germanium nanocarboxylate produced the highest photosynthetic pigment content after watering resumed.
- Taxon
- soybean plantsGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- germanium nanocarboxylatese0
- Outcome
- content of photosynthetic pigmentse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Qualifier
- after the watering was resumede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest content of photosynthetic pigments in plants after the watering was resumed (phase of bean formation) was in cases of applying chromium and germanium nanocarboxylates.”
t0“soybean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors concluded chromium nanocarboxylate was among the most efficient pigment protection components during drought.
- Taxon
- soybean plantsGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- chromiume0
- Outcome
- protect the pigment complexe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the most efficient way to protect the pigment complex of soybean plants during drought was using chromium and germanium nanocarboxylates as components of inoculation suspension”
t0“soybean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors concluded germanium nanocarboxylate was among the most efficient pigment protection components during drought.
- Taxon
- soybean plantsGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- germanium nanocarboxylatese0
- Outcome
- protect the pigment complexe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the most efficient way to protect the pigment complex of soybean plants during drought was using chromium and germanium nanocarboxylates as components of inoculation suspension”
t0“soybean plants”
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See all 20 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.