Abstract
Grain zinc (Zn) and iron (Fe) concentrations and their responses to foliar application of micronutrients in 28 Chinese wheat landraces and 63 cultivars were investigated in a two-year field experiment. The average grain Zn and Fe concentrations were 41.8 mg kg−1 (29.0−63.3 mg kg−1) and 39.7 mg kg−1 (27.9−67.0 mg kg−1), respectively. Compared with cultivars, landraces had greater grain Zn (11.0%) and Fe (4.8%) concentrations but lower harvest index (HI), grain weight per spike (GWS), grain number per spike (GNS) and thousand grain weight (TGW). Both Zn and Fe concentrations were negatively and significantly correlated with HI, GWS, and GNS, while showed a poor association with TGW, suggesting that lower HI, GWS, and GNS, but not TGW, accounted for higher Zn and Fe concentrations for landraces than for cultivars. Grain Zn concentrations of both cultivars and landraces significantly increased after foliar Zn spray and the increase was two-fold greater for landraces (12.6 mg kg−1) than for cultivars (6.4 mg kg−1). Foliar Fe spray increased grain Fe concentrations of landraces (3.4 mg kg−1) and cultivars (1.2 mg kg−1), but these increases were not statistically significant. This study showed that Chinese wheat landraces had higher grain Zn and Fe concentrations than cultivars, and greater increases occurred in grain Zn concentration than in grain Fe concentration in response to fertilization, suggesting that Chinese wheat landraces could serve as a potential genetic source for enhancing grain mineral levels in modern wheat cultivars.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Mean wheat grain zinc concentration was 41.8 mg kg−1.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume1 - Outcome
- grain Zne0
- Value
- 41.8 mg kg−1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The average grain Zn and Fe concentrations were 41.8 mg kg−1 (29.0−63.3 mg kg−1) and 39.7 mg kg−1 (27.9−67.0 mg kg−1), respectively”
e1“28 Chinese wheat landraces”
Claim · model-written summary
Mean wheat grain iron concentration was 39.7 mg kg−1.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Outcome
- Fe concentrationse0
- Value
- 39.7 mg kg−1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The average grain Zn and Fe concentrations were 41.8 mg kg−1 (29.0−63.3 mg kg−1) and 39.7 mg kg−1 (27.9−67.0 mg kg−1), respectively”
e1“28 Chinese wheat landraces”
Claim · model-written summary
Landraces had 11.0% greater grain zinc concentration than cultivars.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Material
- landracese0
- Outcome
- grain Zne0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Value
- 11.0%e0
- Comparator
- cultivarse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared with cultivars, landraces had greater grain Zn (11.0%) and Fe (4.8%) concentrations”
e1“28 Chinese wheat landraces”
Claim · model-written summary
Landraces had 4.8% greater grain iron concentration than cultivars.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Material
- landracese0
- Outcome
- Fee0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Value
- 4.8%e0
- Comparator
- cultivarse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared with cultivars, landraces had greater grain Zn (11.0%) and Fe (4.8%) concentrations”
e1“28 Chinese wheat landraces”
Claim · model-written summary
Landraces had lower harvest index, grain weight and number per spike, and thousand grain weight.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Material
- landracese0
- Outcome
- harvest index (HI), grain weight per spike (GWS), grain number per spike (GNS) and thousand grain weight (TGW)e0
- Direction
- lowere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“landraces had greater grain Zn (11.0%) and Fe (4.8%) concentrations but lower harvest index (HI), grain weight per spike (GWS), grain number per spike (GNS) and thousand grain weight (TGW)”
e1“28 Chinese wheat landraces”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain zinc and iron concentrations were negatively correlated with harvest index, grain weight per spike and grain number per spike.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Outcome
- Zn and Fe concentrationse0
- Direction
- negativelye0
- Comparator
- HI, GWS, and GNSe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both Zn and Fe concentrations were negatively and significantly correlated with HI, GWS, and GNS”
e1“28 Chinese wheat landraces”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain zinc and iron concentrations had a poor association with thousand grain weight.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Outcome
- poor associatione0
- Comparator
- TGWe0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“while showed a poor association with TGW”
e1“28 Chinese wheat landraces”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar zinc significantly raised grain zinc in landraces by 12.6 mg kg−1.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Material
- landracese0
- Treatment
- foliar Zn spraye0
- Outcome
- Grain Zn concentrationse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 12.6 mg kg−1e0
- Comparator
- cultivarse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain Zn concentrations of both cultivars and landraces significantly increased after foliar Zn spray and the increase was two-fold greater for landraces (12.6 mg kg−1) than for cultivars (6.4 mg kg−1)”
e1“28 Chinese wheat landraces”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar zinc significantly raised grain zinc in cultivars by 6.4 mg kg−1.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Material
- cultivarse0
- Treatment
- foliar Zn spraye0
- Outcome
- Grain Zn concentrationse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 6.4 mg kg−1e0
- Comparator
- landracese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain Zn concentrations of both cultivars and landraces significantly increased after foliar Zn spray and the increase was two-fold greater for landraces (12.6 mg kg−1) than for cultivars (6.4 mg kg−1)”
e1“28 Chinese wheat landraces”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar iron raised landrace grain iron by 3.4 mg kg−1 without statistical significance.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Material
- landracese0
- Treatment
- Foliar Fe spraye0
- Outcome
- grain Fe concentrationse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 3.4 mg kg−1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Foliar Fe spray increased grain Fe concentrations of landraces (3.4 mg kg−1) and cultivars (1.2 mg kg−1), but these increases were not statistically significant”
e1“28 Chinese wheat landraces”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar iron raised cultivar grain iron by 1.2 mg kg−1 without statistical significance.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Material
- cultivarse0
- Treatment
- Foliar Fe spraye0
- Outcome
- grain Fe concentrationse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 1.2 mg kg−1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Foliar Fe spray increased grain Fe concentrations of landraces (3.4 mg kg−1) and cultivars (1.2 mg kg−1), but these increases were not statistically significant”
e1“28 Chinese wheat landraces”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest Chinese wheat landraces as a genetic source for improving modern cultivars’ grain minerals.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- landracese0
- Outcome
- enhancing grain mineral levels in modern wheat cultivarse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chinese wheat landraces could serve as a potential genetic source for enhancing grain mineral levels in modern wheat cultivars”
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See all 275 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.